scholarly journals Inclusion of different levels of inulin on productive parameters and intestinal morphology in fattening guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Carcelén Cáceres ◽  
Felipe San Martín Howard ◽  
Miguel Ara Gómez ◽  
Sandra Bezada Quintana ◽  
Ana Asencios Méndez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
Zinc Bacitracin

ABSTRACT: This study evaluated the effect of the three inulin levels (0.1%, 0.2%, 0.4%) supplemented as a substitute for an antibiotic growth promoter (AGP, zinc bacitracin) and control in guinea pigs raised for human consumption. Fifty 14-day-old male guinea pigs were used. Productive parameters (weight gain, total dry matter intake, and feed conversion ratio (FCR)) and intestinal morphology of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum at slaughter (70 days of age) were evaluated. An inverse relationship was observed between inulin levels and FCR (linear effect; P = 0.006). There was no statistically significant effect of the treatments on total dry matter intake and weight gain (P > 0.05). A linear effect of the inulin level on the villi’s length (VL), villi’s width (VW), and length/depth ratio (VL/DC) in the duodenum; VW in the jejunum; and VL in the ileum (P <0 .05) was reported. In conclusion, a linear effect of the increasing doses of inulin was found on the FCR and the morphological parameters of the duodenum’s integrity, and no differences in the effects of the inulin added to the diet and the treatment with AGP were found.

scholarly journals Ractopamine hydrochloride on performance and carcass traits of confined Nellores cattle

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 1830-1834 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Luis Kill ◽  
Ismail Ramalho Haddade ◽  
Iron Cardoso dos Santos Júnior ◽  
Douglas Haese ◽  
Alberto Chambela Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Ractopamine Hydrochloride ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Positive Effect

The effect of four levels of inclusion (0; 450; 900 and 1,350g T-1) of Ractopamine hydrochloride was assessed concerning weight gain, feed conversion, dry matter intake, carcass traits and quality of castrated male cattle meat in confinement. Forty Nellore steers were used, with an average age of 26 months and initial average weight of 423.4±2.7kg, in a randomized block experimental design with four treatments and ten replications. The diet was fixed with the ratio of forage to concentrate dry matter of 75.3:24.7. A Linear positive effect observed was the inclusion of Ractopamine on daily weight gain and linear negative effect on feed conversion, highlighting the improvements with the increasing inclusion of Ractopamine hydrochloride. In relation to carcass traits, the linear effect was negative for fat thickness and no differences were found regarding the hot carcass weight ; carcass yield; area, width and depth of rib eye area of the Longissimus dorsi muscle, and noble courts. In relation to dry matter intake, the comparison of the treatments demonstrated that Ractopamine didn't influence negatively, which highlights its positive effect on the animal performance. The use of Ractopamine improves performance and decreases de amount of superficial fat in male nellore carcass in confinement.

scholarly journals UTILIZAÇÃO DO HALQUINOL COMO PROMOTOR DE CRESCIMENTO E COADJUVANTE NO CONTROLE DA COCCIDIOSE EM FRANGOS DE CORTE

2002 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. B CARDOSO ◽  
J. S. FLEMMING ◽  
F. F. FLEMMING
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Flat Surface ◽  
Efficiency Index ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Lesion Count ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Drug Influence ◽  
Different Levels

O principal objetivo deste trabalho foi o de estudar a influência da utilização do halquinol (uma mistura de 5,7-dicloro-8-quinolinol, 5-cloro-8 quinolinol e 7-cloro-8-quinolinol) como promotor de crescimento, bem como sua possível ação no controle da coccidiose, em frangos de corte. Foram analisados parâmetros como ganho de peso, conversão alimentar, viabilidade e índice de eficiência produtiva. Foram constituídos 6 tratamentos, num total de 2880 aves criadas em piso, com diferentes níveis da droga na ração. Observou-se que a utilização do halquinol como promotor de crescimento não alterou significativamente (P>0.05) o ganho de peso, a conversão alimentar e a viabilidade das aves. A associação do halquinol a outros promotores de crescimento também não influenciou positivamente (P>0.05) os parâmetros zootécnicos avaliados. No segundo estudo, num experimento em gaiolas procurou-se avaliar a ação do halquinol no controle da coccidiose, comparando-se a ação de 30 g/ton do produto associado ou não ao coccidiostático maduramicina frente à inoculação de diferentes Eimerias. Foram utilizadas 40 aves criadas em gaiolas que receberam um inoculo misto de E.tenella, E. acervulina e E. máxima, sendo então realizado escore de lesões. Como resultado observou-se que a utilização do halquinol potencializa a ação da maduramicina no controle da E. acervulina, não apresentando entretanto qualquer efeito no controle da E. máxima e E.tenella. Utilization of halquinol as a growth promoter and coadjuvanto on coccidiosis control in broilers Abstract The main purpose of this stud was to invetigate the clorade-8-hidroxiquinolim (halquinol) drug influence as a promoter of growth, as well as it´s possible action in the coccidiosis control in chicken for human consumption. Some parameters have been analised such as weight gain, food conversion ,viability and produtive efficiency index. Six treatments were undertaken, on a total of 2880 birds raised on flat surface with different levels of drug in then feed .It was noted that the utilization of halquinol as a promoter of growth didn´t alter significantly (P>0.05) the weight gain, the feed conversion and the viability of the birds. The addition of halquinol to other growth promoters also didn´t influence positively (P>0.05) the evalueted zootechnical parameters. In the second study, during a bird cage experiment there was no attempt to evaluate the halquinol action in the control of coccidiosis by comparing the of 30 g/ton of clorade-8-hidroxiquinolin (halquinol) associade or not with maduramicine coccidiostatic during the Eimerias innoculation. There were utilize 40 cages raised birds wich received a mixed E. tennela, E. acervulina e E. maxima inoculum, and was performed a lesion count. As a result it was observed that the utilization of halquinol potencializes the maduramicine action in the control of E. acervulina; however no showing any effect in the control of E.maxima and E. tenella.

scholarly journals Effect of hay on performance of Holstein calves at suckling and post-weaning

Revista CERES ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 668-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robson Kyoshi Ueno ◽  
Mikael Neumann ◽  
Fabiano Marafon ◽  
Marcela Ambrogi ◽  
Balduino Adriano Daros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Initial Weight ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Milk Substitute ◽  
Holstein Calves ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Intensively Managed

The objective of this work was to evaluate the performance of Holstein calves in suckling and post-weaning phases, intensively managed during suckling in the absence or presence of hay. Twenty-four male Holstein calves, at an average age of 15 days and initial weight of 43 kg were used in the experiment. The experimental design was completely randomized, consisting of two treatments and six replications. The treatments were as follows: 1) suckling with milk substitute + initial concentrate for calves, ad libitum + temperate grass hay (oat/ryegrass), ad libitum; 2) suckling with milk substitute + initial concentrate for calves, ad libitum. No significant difference was found between treatments for weight gain and feed conversion. However, the supply of hay caused an increase in daily dry matter intake (2.127 vs 1.894 kg). The intake of hay promoted greater stimulus to consumption of concentrate and greater weight at weaning.

scholarly journals Intake, digestibility and performance of lambs fed with diets containing cassava peels

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilmara Santos Guimarães ◽  
Fabiano Ferreira da Silva ◽  
Luciano Lemos da Silva ◽  
Luísa Miranda Girardi Galvão ◽  
Lenon Machado dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Cassava Peel

Sheep farming is designated to economic exploitation, and dry matter intake is the most important factor that influences the performance of animal, thus seeking alternative foods. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of inclusion levels of cassava peel on intake, digestibility and performance of feedlot lambs. We used 32 crossbred lambs Santa Inês uncastrated, mean body weight of 21 ± 1.5 kg. Treatments were arranged in a randomized design to animals, with inclusion levels of cassava peel (0, 10, 20, 30%) in the diet dry matter and forage cassava leaf hay. During 70 days, there have been weighing the food provided, leftovers, and animals, and feces collection. The intake of dry matter (DMI), organic matter (OMI), crude protein (CPI), ether extract (EEI), neutral detergent fiber corrected for ash and protein (NDIap), total carbohydrates (CTI), non-fiber carbohydrates (NFCI), total digestible nutrients (TDNI), as well as DMI and NDFap/kgCP, DMI and NDFIap/PC0.75 levels have not been affected by the inclusion of cassava peel. Similar results for DM digestibility, NDF, CP, MO, CT and the TDN. DEE had a growing linear effect whereas DNFC presented a quadratic effect. Average daily gain (ADG), feed conversion (FC), initial body weight (BWinitial), final body weight (BWfinal), warm carcass weight (WCW) and warm carcass yield (WCR) showed no changes. It is concluded that the peel cassava may be included in diet until 30%, without change dry matter intake and animal performance.

scholarly journals Effects of varying levels of groundnut haulms and cowpea shell on the performance of weaner Red Sokoto goats.

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-279
Author(s):  
M. Abubakar ◽  
T.A. Adegbola ◽  
M. M. Abubakar
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Weight Gains

Four diets containing 16% crude protein were formulated with varying levels of groundnut haulms (GNH) and cowpea shell (CPS). The diets designated as Diets 1, 2, 3 and 4, contained 60% GNHI 0% CPS; 40% GNH/20% CPS, 20% GNH/40% CPS and 0%GNH/60%CPS respectively. The diets were fed to sixteen kids of Red Sokoto goats (two males and two females per diet] for seventy days in order to study the effects of varying levels of GNH and CPS on feed intake, nutrient digestibilities and weight gains of the animals. The results showed that the highest dry matter and crude protein intakes by the animals obtained for Diet 2 were 477.30 g/ day and 77. 85g/ day respectively. The lowest water intake per kilogram dry matter intake was obtained on Diet 3 (2. 421). Animals on Diet 2 had a better daily weight gain (85.41g/ day) compared to those on the other diets. The highest feed conversion ratio was obtained on Diet 4 (7.35). Nutrient digestibilities were significantly (p<0.01) affected by treatments, with Diet 2 having the highest and Diet 4 the lowest. Based on higher weight gains for animals on Diet 2, which indicates a shorter time to attain slaughter weight, dieis containing 40% GNH/20%CPS could be recommended for growing Red Sokoto goats. 

scholarly journals EFECTO DE LA SUPLEMENTACIÓN ENZIMÁTICA EN PARÁMETROS PRODUCTIVOS DE CUYES (LÍNEA SINTÉTICA P 0.625)

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 312-317
Author(s):  
Ferggie Bernaola Rodriguez ◽  
Lilia Chauca Francia ◽  
Fernando Orrego Vásquez
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Enzyme Complex ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Line P

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the supplementation of an enzymatic complex in integral diets for guinea pigs in the growing phase on productive performance. In total, 54 male guinea pigs (Synthetic line P 0.625) were used and submitted to a diet free of the enzyme complex (T1), and two experimental ones, one with 0.1% (T2) and the other with 0.2% (T3) of enzyme complex evaluated between two weeks of age (weaning) and after rearing (nine weeks old). It was statically evaluated and there were found no significant difference between treatments in relation to final body weight, weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion; and it was reported the weekly average of percentage of dairy dry matter intake by body weight.

scholarly journals The Performance of Steers Fed on Sugarcane in natura or Ensiled with Concentrate

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 226
Author(s):  
Dheynne Alves Vieira ◽  
Andréia Santos Cezário ◽  
Wallacy Barbacena Rosa dos Santos ◽  
Jeferson Corrêa Ribeiro ◽  
Tiago Neves Pereira Valente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Zebu Cattle ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Average Daily Weight Gain ◽  
High Dry Matter ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design

The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of crossbred Holstein × Zebu steers fed on the diets containing sugarcane in natura or ensiled with two levels of concentrate (30% and 70%). A total of 32 males of 394 kg of body weight were used in a completely randomized experimental design with four treatments and seven repetitions. The animals reported a high dry matter intake (DMI) (P < 0.05) when fed on the high concentrate levels. The increase in concentrate levels resulted in an approximately 25% to 60% higher DMI as compared to the lowest level offered by silage-based diets and sugarcane in natura. The highest apparent digestibility coefficients of dry matter were observed in the diets based on sugarcane in natura (P < 0.05). The sugarcane based diets also affected (P > 0.05) the digestibility of organic matter, neutral detergent fiber, crude protein, ether extract, and non-fiber carbohydrates. There were no differences (P > 0.05) between the diets for average daily weight gain, carcass dressing, carcass gain, and feed conversion. The diets based on sugarcane in nature or ensiled with 30% and 70% concentrates do not influence the performance of crossbred Holstein × Zebu cattle.

Daily methane emissions and emission intensity of grazing beef cattle genetically divergent for residual feed intake

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 627 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. I. Velazco ◽  
R. M. Herd ◽  
D. J. Cottle ◽  
R. S. Hegarty
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Emission Intensity ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Residual Feed Intake ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Feed Conversion

As daily methane production (DMP; g CH4/day) is strongly correlated with dry matter intake (DMI), the breeding of cattle that require less feed to achieve a desired rate of average daily gain (ADG) by selection for a low residual feed intake (RFI) can be expected to reduce DMP and also emission intensity (EI; g CH4/kg ADG). An experiment was conducted to compare DMP and EI of Angus cattle genetically divergent for RFI and 400-day weight (400dWT). In a 6-week grazing study, 64 yearling-age cattle (30 steers, 34 heifers) were grazed on temperate pastures, with heifers and steers grazing separate paddocks. Liveweight (LW) was monitored weekly and DMP of individual cattle was measured by a GreenFeed emission monitoring unit in each paddock. Thirty-nine of the possible 64 animals had emission data recorded for 15 or more days, and only data for these animals were analysed. For these cattle, regression against their mid-parent estimated breeding value (EBV) for post-weaning RFI (RFI-EBV) showed that a lower RFI-EBV was associated with higher LW at the start of experiment. Predicted dry matter intake (pDMI), predicted DMP (pDMP) and measured DMP (mDMP) were all negatively correlated with RFI-EBV (P < 0.05), whereas ADG, EI, predicted CH4 yield (pMY; g CH4/kg DMI) were not correlated with RFI-EBV (P > 0.1). Daily CH4 production was positively correlated with animal LW and ADG (P < 0.05). The associations between ADG and its dependent traits EI and pMY and predicted feed conversion ratio (kg pDMI/kg ADG) were strongly negative (r = –0.82, –0.57 and –0.85, P < 0.001) implying that faster daily growth by cattle was accompanied by lower EI, MY and feed conversion ratio. These results show that cattle genetically divergent for RFI do not necessarily differ in ADG, EI or pMY on pasture and that, if heavier, cattle with lower RFI-EBV can actually have higher DMP while grazing moderate quality pastures.

The utilization of maize silage for intensive beef production: I. The effect of level and source of supplementary nitrogen on the utilization of maize silage by cattle of different ages

1975 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 353-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Thomas ◽  
J. M. Wilkinson ◽  
J. C. Tayler
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Urea Addition

SUMMARYFifty-four British Friesian castrated male calves, initially 3, 6 or 9 months of age (107, 180 and 249 kg initial live weight, respectively), were individually fed for 83 days on maize silage (27·9% dry matter (D.M.), 10·7% crude protein in D.M.), offeredad libitum. Silage was offered either alone or supplemented with cobs of dried lucerne (21% of total D.M. intake). Three levels of urea (0, 1 and 2% of silage D.M.) were added to the silage before feeding.Total D.M. intakes averaged 23·0, 23·4 and 21·6 g/kg live weight (LW) for the 3-, 6- and 9-month-old animals, respectively. Addition of urea increased silage intake by 11% in the 6-month-old group but there was little effect in the 3- and 9-month-old groups. Lucerne supplementation reduced silage D.M. intake from 22·0 to 18·4 g/kg LW (P< 0·001) and increased total D.M. intake by 1·4 g/kg LW (P< 0·001).Live-weight gain (LWG) of the cattle fed on silage alone increased (P< 0·001) with increasing age of animal. The main effect of urea was to elevate (P< 0·001) LWG from an average of 0·79 (no urea) to 0·94 kg/head/day (2% urea). However, it appeared that most of this effect was confined to the 6-month-old group. The effect of lucerne on LWG decreased with increasing age of animal (P< 0·001). Inclusion of lucerne in the diet significantly reduced the response to urea (P< 0·05).Feed conversion efficiency (LWG/100 Mcal DE intake) decreased (P< 0·01) with increasing age of animal but increased with urea addition from an average of 4·7 (no urea) to 5·3 kg LWG/100 Meal DE intake (2% urea). The response to lucerne supplementation in terms of efficiency was greatest in the 3-month-old group and thereafter declined markedly with increasing age of animal.The results of this experiment indicated that cattle older than 6 months of age (180 kg LW) could achieve a rate of growth of 1·0 kg/head/day on maize silage supplemented solely with urea, but that younger animals required supplementary lucerne to support a high rate of live-weight gain.

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