scholarly journals The content of the main chemical elements in sweet cherry fruits of different ripening periods

2021 ◽  
pp. 173-179
Author(s):  
L. Shubenko ◽  
S. Shokh ◽  
Yu. Fedoruk ◽  
D. Mykhailiuk ◽  
A. Vuiko
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Berry Crops ◽  
Early Ripening

The level of biochemical composition of sweet cherry fruits of different ripening periods was investigated. It has been established that the content of chemical elements in sweet cherry fruits depends on a number of factors. Fruits ripening period is listed frstaming the features of the pomological variety. Weather conditions during the formation and ripening of sweet cherry fruits have a signifcant effect on the content of chemicals. The variety Melitopolskaya krapchastaya was revealed to have a high content of dry soluble substances among all the studied varieties. In the group of late-ripening varieties, the smallest difference in the amount of acidifed acids in fruits between varieties is observed. The high content of organic acids was recorded for the Donetsk Ember variety, and the lowest one for the Turquoise variety. On average, for the varieties of different ripening periods, the highest content of organic acids was noted for early ripening varieties, and the lowest one for late ripening varieties. Having considered all the studied varieties as a whole, it can be asserted that the content of titratable acids was the highest in the fruits of the mid-ripening variety Alenushka, in relation to all other varieties; the lowest amount of organic acids was recorded for the late-ripening varieties Amazonka. The sugar content in the fruits of late-ripening sweet cherry varieties exceeded the average values of the groups of early-ripening and mid-ripening varieties. The mid-ripening variety Mirage was characterized by a high content of vitamin C, and the lowest value of this component of the chemical composition was obtained for the early-ripening variety Mlievskaya yellow. Taste qualities and biochemical composition of fruit and berry crops largely depend on the characteristics of the variety and climatic conditions of cultivation.The early ripening varieties Dar Mliyeva and Zoryana received the maximum tasting assessment. In the group of mid-ripening varieties, the Melitopolskaya krapchastaya variety was highly appreciated, and among the late-ripening varieties, the Turyuza variety. Key words: cherry varieties, dry soluble substances, sugars, organic acids, vitamin C, sugar-acid coefcient.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE BIOCHEMISTRY OF APPLE FRUITS OF ALTAI VARIETIES AS A SOURCE OF NUTRITIOUS AND BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES

2021 ◽  
pp. 245-252
Author(s):  
Sergey Aleksandrovich Makarenko
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Statistical Variation ◽  
Good Taste ◽  
High Sugar Content ◽  
Autumn And Winter

A comparative analysis of the varietal variability of the fruits of 71 varieties of apple trees of Altai selection in terms of biochemical composition, according to generally accepted methods using statistical variation analysis based on long-term research, was carried out. Correlations were revealed between the content of chemical elements depending on other characteristics of the fruit and the period of ripening. The average content of soluble dry matter in fruits is from an average 15.5% in summer varieties to a high 16.2–16.3% in varieties with autumn and winter ripening. On average, the content of total sugars in fruits is high and varies insignificantly from 12.7 to 12.9%, the content of titratable acids in fruits is high – 1.0%. The content of ascorbic acid is higher in fruits of varieties with summer ripening and is 24.0 mg / 100 g, with autumn – 19.6 mg / 100 g, with winter – 22.0 mg / 100 g. As a result of selection for the qualitative improvement of fruits apple trees in Altai revealed a negative correlation of the biochemistry of the fetus, depending on its size for all indicators. Fruits of a significant part of varieties created in Altai have good taste, of which 27 have a sugar-acid index of 15–25. The fruits of the varieties Alpek, Altai Velvet, Altai New Year, Altai ruddy, Altai sweet, Gornoaltayskoe, Zolotaya taiga, Pepinka Altai have a very high sugar content of more than 15%, a high value of the sum of sugars – in fruits of 59 varieties from 10.0 to 14.9%. Varieties with high biochemical characteristics are their sources in breeding for improved biochemical composition of fruits.

Changes in the Biochemical Composition of Tomato Fruit under the Influence of Illumination Quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 850 ◽  
pp. 172-178
Author(s):  
Ieva Erdberga ◽  
Ina Alsina ◽  
Laila Dubova ◽  
Māra Dūma ◽  
Daiga Sergejeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Tomato Yield

Tomatoes are one of the most consumed vegetables in the world. Unfortunately, obtaining a high quality tomato yield in our latitudes is inconceivable without additional lighting. Changes in biochemical composition are mainly dependent on the light received by the plant. During the winter months, natural daylight at 55 ° latitude is insufficient to provide the necessary vegetation for fruit-bearing vegetables. The aim of this study is to investigate the changes in the biochemical composition of tomato fruits by using less conventional lighting methods, which could offer potential energy savings by providing higher levels of biologically active substances in tomatoes. The study was conducted in a greenhouse of Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies during the winter season 2018-2019, using a 16-hour photoperiod. LED, Induction, and High Pressure Sodium Lamps (as control) were used in the study. These lighting devices, with some differences, simulate daylight. Three tomato cultivars: ‘Diamont F1’, Encor F1’and ‘Balzano F1’were studied. The study specified the tomato yield and the following biochemical parameters: soluble sugars (BRIX), vitamin C, organic acids, lycopene, carotenoids, phenols and flavonoids. As expected, the yield and species-specific pigment content of tomato fruit is largely dependent on the genetics of the variety. On the other hand, biologically active compounds such as organic acids, soluble sugars, ascorbic acid and flavonoids undergo more changes due to the composition of the light. The obtained biochemical parameters give an opportunity to consider different illumination methods and the need to carry out further studies in order to confirm the conclusions. Significantly higher yields were observed in the variant with conventionally used high pressure sodium lamps. In mean time, it should be noted that in the variant with LED lamps, higher content of lycopene as well as phenols and vitamin C were observed.

scholarly journals Formation of technological and commodity qualities of sour cherry fruits in the conditions of the South of Russia

2019 ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
R. Sh. Zaremuk ◽  
Yu. А. Dolya ◽  
T. L. Smelik ◽  
T. A. Kopnina
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Sour Cherry ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Genetic Origin ◽  
Fruit Growing ◽  
Local Breeding ◽  
Vitamin Activity

There are presented the results of comparative evaluation of sour cherry varieties of different ecological-geographical and genetic origin on the main biochemical parameters of fruits, condioning the taste of the fruit: dry substances, sugars, vitamins, anthocyanins. It was revealed the dynamics of content of biochemical parameters in fresh fruits depending on weather conditions of year, stresses of various type and biological peculiarities of cherry varieties. According to the obtained data in the conditions of southern horticulture (the Kuban zone of fruit growing of Krasnodar Territory) in the fruits of sour cherry varieties on average 14.5-17.0 % of dry substances, 6.4-8.4 % of sugars, 7.0-8.0 mg/100 g of vitamin C, 117.5-160.1 mg/100 g of substances with P-vitamin activity, 207.8-275.3 mg/100 g of anthocyanins accumulate. It was determined that fruits of sour cherry-sweet cherry hybrids and varieties of local breeding are characterized by higher content of biochemical parameters. It was established that the influence of a number of stresses – high positive temperatures, long periods of drought, surplus of rainfall during the period of fruits formation – causes an increase or decrease in content of some biochemical parameters, a decrease in weight, and deterioration in taste. It was determined that domestic varieties Kazachka, Kirina, Shalun`ya and Igrushka are distinguished by a high content of soluble solids (16.0-17.9 %) and carbohydrates (8.4-9.1 %). Cherry varieties Vstrecha, Alexa and Nord Star are characterized by an increased vitamin C content (8.3-9.7 mg/100); cherry varieties Kirina, Kazachka, Nefris, Vstrecha and the Shalun`ya – by a high content of anthocyans (247,0-333,8 mg/100) and P–vitamin activity (187.0-201.0 mg/100); varieties Alexa, Kirina, Shalun`ya and Igrushka are characterized by relatively large fruits (5.5-6.5 g). According to the optimal and harmonious combination of biochemical parameters, high taste (tasting score 4.6-4.8 points) and to the commodity qualities of fruits, sour cherry varieties Kirina, Alexa, Shalun`ya and Igrushka were recommended for laying raw plantings and production of fresh fruits and various types of processing in the conditions of southern horticulture.

scholarly journals The effect of hydrothermal coefficient on productivity of maize hybrids of various groups of ripeness

2020 ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
G. Ya. Krivosheev ◽  
N. A. Shevchenko
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Hydrothermal Coefficient ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
Growing Conditions

The improvement of the breeding programs, selection of the optimal group of ripeness depends on the soil and climatic conditions for which varieties and hybrids are developed. One of the most important indicators of climatic conditions is the hydrothermal coefficient (HTC). The purpose of the current study was to analyze the effect of HTC on the productivity of maize hybrids of various groups of ripeness. The studies were carried out in 2014–2019 at the Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” located in the southern zone of the Rostov Region, characterized by unstable moisture. The objects of the study were 96 interlinear maize hybrids of three groups of ripeness, namely an early ripening group (FAO 150), a middle-early ripening group (FAO 200) and a middle ripening group (FAO 300). There was a systematic use of variants in the trials. The weather conditions of the years 2014 and 2018 could be estimated as arid (HTC = 0.32–0.57). The years 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2019 were of medium aridity (HTC = 0.58–0.89). The HTC determined only for the entire vegetation period did not allow estimating objectively the growing conditions. There has been required a more detailed analysis of the HTC for the periods (months) of vegetation. On average, over the years of study, the middle ripening maize hybrids were characterized with the largest grain productivity (3.98 t/ha). The early ripening maize hybrids were characterized with the smallest productivity (3.31 t/ha). The middle-early ripening hybrids were characterized with the average value (3.80 t/ha). However, in different years, the maximum grain yields were produced by the hybrids of various groups of ripeness, including by the early ripening varieties, that depended on the amount of HTC in different vegetation periods. There have been identified average positive correlation coefficients between the HTC values and maize hybrids’ productivity (r = 0.64–0.74). The use of maize hybrids of various groups of ripeness can stabilize the gross harvest of maize.

BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF REMONTANT RASPBERRY BERRIES IN THE CISBAIKALIA CONDITIONS

1970 ◽  
pp. 50-53
Author(s):  
Е. N. Kiseleva ◽  
М. А. Rachenko ◽  
O. F. Zhilkina ◽  
T. N. Malova ◽  
Е. G. Aksamentova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Manganese Zinc ◽  
Human Need ◽  
Dietary Value ◽  
Iron Manganese ◽  
Active Substances

A comparative assessment of a remontant and common raspberries biochemical composition is given. The biochemical composition of a remontant raspberries cultivated in Cisbaikalia corresponds to the minimum physiological human need for biologically active substances. The content of sugars, vitamins (C, A, B1, B2, E and PP) and microelements has been studied. It was found that the frozen berry contains a sufficient amount of vitamin C, sugars and trace elements for daily consumption. The dietary value of raspberries is noted, due to the predominant accumulation of fructose and glucose. The minimum sugar content of berries in the Eurasia variety. A variety with a high content of vitamin C and sugars has been identified, it is Rubinovor ozherelie. The Zharptitsa and Rubinovoe ozherelie varieties are sources of iron, manganese, zinc and copper, and Penguin, Hercules, Orange miracle, Bellflower, form 16-136-6 are calcium. The Rubinovoe ozherelie variety contains a lot of sugars, vitamins and micronutrients, and also has a high organoleptic rating.

scholarly journals Effects of pre-harvest techniques in the control of berry ripening in grapevine cv. Sauvignon blanc

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 04016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Lucchetta ◽  
Benedetta Volta ◽  
Mattia Tononi ◽  
Damiano Zanotelli ◽  
Carlo Andreotti
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Content ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Sauvignon Blanc ◽  
Ripening Process ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
Berry Quality ◽  
High Sugar Content ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
Harvest Techniques

Due to a variety of reasons (changing climatic conditions, higher photosynthetic efficiency of newly established vineyards, yield restriction imposed by production protocols), there is currently a tendency towards early ripening in grapevines, combined with the production of berries characterized by high sugar content. This tendency conflicts with the general market demand for wines (mostly white wines) with low alcohol level and characterised by a fresh, easy-to-drink taste. We tested two different techniques applied to the canopy (defoliation and the use of an antitranspirant product) with the aim of delaying the ripening process and improving the berry quality of the white cultivar Sauvignon blanc. The defoliation performed at veraison allowed postponement of the ripening process by about 5 days as compared to undefoliated vines, without altering the sugar/acid ratio of the berries. The antitranspirant product delayed ripening by 10 to 15 days. Brix was reduced by 1.5-2.5 degrees in the 2 considered seasons, whereas the effect on acidity was contradicting and needs further research for a full understanding of the mechanisms involved in the process.

scholarly journals Organoleptic evaluation of sweet cherry varieties

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (4-5) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Takácsné Hájos ◽  
J. Nyéki ◽  
E. Veres ◽  
Cs. Fieszl ◽  
Z. Szabó
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Organoleptic Evaluation ◽  
General Impression ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Given

The extraordinary abundance of precipitation in 2010 (somewhere around 1000 mm) influenced highly the development of taste and flavour in cherry fruits. As stated, only a few varieties out of 27 were acceptable as for commercial quality. Under the given climatic conditions, actually ‘Bigarreau Burlat’ earned 965.11 points and proved to be the best in the early ripening group. In the mid season group, three varieties earned more than 1000 points (‘Giant Red’, ‘Carmen’ and ‘Vera’ grown at Nagykutas and Pallag), whereas in the late ripening group ‘Germesdorfi’ sent from Csenger (1084), ‘Linda’ (1070.07) and ‘Lapins’ (1052) received recognition. Correlation has been tested on the basis of 27 varieties between the individual properties. We sated that the most important attributes, which influenced the general impression of decision makers are the following: form and size of the fruit (r=0.835 and 0.797), furthermore juiciness (r=0.776), taste (r=0.876) and sweetness (0.875). Crispness was considered to be typical to cherry (r=0.743). Relation between acidity and sweetness was also essential to determine the acceptance of the cherry character.

scholarly journals Chemical composition of sea-buckthorn and highbush blueberry fruits grown in the Republic of Belarus

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Maria Zenkova ◽  
Julia Pinchykova
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Sea Buckthorn ◽  
Highbush Blueberry ◽  
Pectin Content ◽  
The Republic

Chemical composition of sea-buckthorn and highbush blueberry fruits determines their value while using them fresh or processed. Berries have distinctive characteristics depending on a variety, soil and climatic conditions and growing techniques. The object of the researches have been Sea-buckthorn (Hippophae L.) of three varieties (Podarok sadu, Trofimovskaya, Botanicheskaya) and Highbush Blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) of five varieties (Duke, Bluetta, Bluecrop, Northland, Coville) grown in the Republic of Belarus. Sea-buckthorn and Highbush Blueberry fruits chemical composition has been studied during a three-year cycle of monitoring using standard methods and in accordance with technical legal acts of the Republic of Belarus. Solid content (13,0-15,3%), sugar content (4,00-4,80%), organic acids (1,10-2,05%), nitrogen substances content (0,29-0,46%), lipids (3,6-6,2%), pectin content (0,40-0,50%), fiber (3,20-4,90%), minerals, vitamin С (44,7-78,7 мг/100г), β-carotene (4,4-13,2 мг/100г) have been studied in Sea-buckthorn (Hippophae L.). Solid content (12,2-15,1%), sugar content (2,73-3,96%), organic acids (0,59-0,95%), pectin content (0,57-0,97%), fiber (1,20-1,68%), bioflavonoids (276-368 мг/100 г), bioflavonoids complex fractional composition (anthocyanins, leucoanthocyanins, catechines, flavonols), vitamin С (60,5-72,2 мг/100 г) and mineral content have been studied in Highbush Blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.). Exogenous contaminants content (arsenic, heavy metals), hygienical safety indexes, caesium 137 radionuclides content have been investigated in the fruits. Specific varieties characterictics of Sea-buckthorn (Hippophae L.) and Highbush Blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) fruit chemical composition have been determined. The studied fruit is fully safe and can be recommended to be used both fresh and processed.

scholarly journals Biochemical evaluation of the assortment of pumpkin vegetable crops for the creation of functional food products

2021 ◽  
Vol 845 (1) ◽  
pp. 012093
Author(s):  
Medelyaeva A Yu ◽  
A F Bukharov ◽  
Yu V Trunov ◽  
I B Kirina ◽  
L V Titova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
High Water ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
High Yield ◽  
High Water Content ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
High Yields

Abstract It is known that vegetables are sources of vitamins, biologically active substances, antioxidants and other vital micronutrients. In particular, pumpkin vegetable crops (zucchini, squash) contain all the necessary mineral salts, vitamins, trace elements, pectin substances, ascorbic acid and not too many sugars. Varieties of vegetable crops are characterized by a diverse biochemical composition and are suitable to various degrees for obtaining processed products for therapeutic, preventive and functional purposes. The article considers the assortment of zucchini and squash by yield and the most important indicators of the biochemical composition of the fruit: the content of dry substances, sugars, vitamin C; the accumulation of nitrates in the fruit. High water content of zucchini and squash fruits (94-96%), low sugar content ( 1.5-3.5%) were found. Squash has a higher yield (25-90 t / ha), compared to zucchini (4-11 t/ha). Nevertheless, zucchini contain 3-4 times more vitamin C in the fruit and accumulate 3-4 times less nitrates than squash, having almost 10 times more of vitamin value. At the same time, squash is 2-3 times less than zucchini, accumulating nitrates. Of the 7 studied varieties of zucchini, the hybrid Belogor F1 and the variety Tsukesha were distinguished, which have high yield, high fruit quality and vitamin value. Of the 15 studied varieties of squash, the varieties Perlinka, Pyatachok and Tabolinsky were identified, which have high yields, high fruit qualities and vitamin value, and weakly accumulate nitrates.

Drought resistance of Fragaria×Ananassa Duch. Varieties in the conditions of the Orenburg Urals

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 122-133
Author(s):  
R. R. Salimova ◽  
Z. A. Avdeeva ◽  
E. V. Aminova
Keyword(s):  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Orenburg Region ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Local Soil ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
Initial Forms ◽  
Research Period ◽  
Selection Of

The article presents data from field and laboratory studies on the productivity and drought tolerance of strawberry varieties in the Pre-Urals (on the example of the Orenburg region). The purpose of the research is a comparative study of the drought resistance of introduced strawberry varieties and the selection of the most productive and valuable for breeding. The Orenburg region belongs to the zone of insufficient moisture a characteristic feature of its climate is aridity. High air temperatures and lack of moisture are a stressor, leading to a partial loss of yield. During the research period (2017-2019), weather conditions were typical for the zone, which allowed us to assess the adaptive capacity of the varieties. In laboratory conditions, a study of the water regime in 12 varieties of strawberries was carried out. The obtained results revealed the nature of the reactions of strawberry plants to changes in environmental conditions depending on the characteristics of the genotype and made it possible to identify the varieties most adapted to local soil and climatic conditions. Data on productivity and its components of strawberry varieties distinguished by resistance to drought are presented. Among the varieties of early ripening in terms of productivity, the following stood out: Darenka, Studencheskaya, Rosinka (more than 200 g/bush). The productivity of the control variety Orlets was less than 200 g. Among the varieties of medium and late ripening by productivity (more than 300 g from the bush) stood out: Anastasia, Bereginya; more than 200 g from the bush yielded varieties: Polka, Urozhaynaya TSGL, Fireworks, Tsariсa. The average productivity (150-200 g per Bush) was in the control variety Zenga Zengana. In years with adverse factors, there was a decrease in the yield. As the initial forms for use in breeding for drought resistance, productive varieties are recommended: Anastasia, Bereginya, Darenka, Polka, Rosinka, Studentskaya, Urozhaynaya TSGL, Fireworks, Tsarina.

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