scholarly journals Good winds are expected!

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (36) ◽  
pp. 95-96
Author(s):  
Carlos Renato Zacharias
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Critical Mass ◽  
Biological Action ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
High Dilutions ◽  
Sharing Responsibility ◽  
New Research ◽  
Academic Geography

Probably by cultural and historical reasons, Western Europe occupied the center of homeopathy research stage. It was in Western Europe that Hahnemann initially established the grounds of homeopathy, and also were Western European the researchers who have been trying to characterize the scientific bases behind high dilutions biological action ever since. Europe witnessed all phases of homeopathy development, its growth and also its decline, its time of glory as well as its many crises. Ideological divergences – sometimes grounded on irresponsible attitudes by homeopaths themselves, sometimes arising from skeptics pride and prejudice – gave rise to political and social movements against homeopathy. In spite of this, clinical and experimental evidences kept homeopathy alive as an important therapeutic option able to reunite low cost and efficacy provided its conceptual basis and limitations are observed. ... More than ever, HD research appears as an emergent and highly active field! And much work still needs to be done. The academic geography of HD research is changing. It is not a matter of replacing old by new research centers. As a fact, HD research is expanding its boundaries, its scientific community has started sharing responsibility and joining efforts. As any other scientific field, also HD research is building a critical mass, which is a sine qua non requirement for research to attain the quality demanded by contemporary science. New winds are blowing and they will surprise those little prepared or unexpecting.

Controllable growth of graphdiyne layered nanosheets for high-performance water oxidation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuya Zhao ◽  
Yurui Xue ◽  
Zhongqiang Wang ◽  
Zhiqiang Zheng ◽  
Xiaoyu Luan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Evolution ◽  
Oxygen Evolution Reaction ◽  
Water Oxidation ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Controllable Growth

Developing highly active, stable and low-cost electrocatalysts capable of an efficient oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is urgent and challenging.

Bifunctional single-atomic Mn sites for energy-efficient hydrogen production

Nanoscale ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianyun Peng ◽  
Junrong Hou ◽  
Yuying Mi ◽  
Jiaqiang Sun ◽  
Gaocan Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Hydrogen Evolution Reaction ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
H2 Production ◽  
Energy Technology ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Clean Energy Technology

Electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) for H2 production is essential for future renewable and clean energy technology. Screening energy-saving, low-cost, and highly active catalysts efficiently, however, is still a grand...

Co3O4-CuCoO2 hybrid nanoplates as a low-cost and highly active catalyst for producing hydrogen from ammonia borane

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yufa Feng ◽  
Jinyun Liao ◽  
Xiaodong Chen ◽  
Qingyu Liao ◽  
Huize Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Active Catalyst ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ammonia Borane ◽  
Catalytic Materials ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Promising Strategy

Developing low-cost and highly active hydrolysis catalytic materials for the dehydrogenation of hydrogen-rich chemicals is a promising strategy to store and easily release hydrogen for fuel cell applications. In this...

scholarly journals Catalytic Hydrogenation, Hydrodeoxygenation, and Hydrocracking Processes of a Lignin Monomer Model Compound Eugenol over Magnetic Ru/C–Fe2O3 and Mechanistic Reaction Microkinetics

Catalysts ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Bjelić ◽  
Miha Grilc ◽  
Sašo Gyergyek ◽  
Andraž Kocjan ◽  
Darko Makovec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Model Compound ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Product Distribution ◽  
Surface Chemical ◽  
Annealing Temperatures ◽  
Microkinetic Model ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Commercial Carbon

Conversion of waste lignocellulosic (LC) biomass, a widely-available low-cost feedstock, into value-added biobased chemicals (and biofuels) has been gaining much attention recently. Therefore, the present lignin valorisation study was aimed at developing magnetically-separable highly-active catalysts for hydrodeoxygenation (HDO), also proposing surface chemical kinetics. Five carbonaceous substrate-deposited Ru were synthesised and tested for the HDO of monomer moiety eugenol. Their annealing temperatures differed, specifically between 300 and 750 °C, while one was not subjected to calcination. Experiments revealed the substantial influence of annealing temperature on the product distribution. Namely, fresh nonannealed nanocomposites were not active for hydrogenolysis. By further pretreatment increase, hydrogenation and, exclusively, the deoxygenation of saturated cyclic species, were enhanced, these being more promoted considering rates and yields than commercial carbon-supported ruthenium. Over 80 mol% of 4-propyl-cylohexanol and propyl-cyclohexane could be formed over the samples, treated at 500 and 600 °C, for 100 and 125 min, respectively, under 275 °C and 5 MPa of reactor hydrogen pressure. Interestingly, a notable 4-propyl-phenol amount was produced upon 750 °C pretreating. The intrinsic microkinetic model, developed previously, was applied to determine relevant turnover parameters. Calculated modelling results indicated a 47- and 10-fold greater demethoxylation and dehydroxylation mechanism ability upon the reheatingpreheating at 600 °C in comparison to industrial (heterogeneous) Ru/C.

scholarly journals Engineering Mesoporous NiO with Enriched Electrophilic Ni3+ and O− toward Efficient Oxygen Evolution

Catalysts ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiu Liu ◽  
Zhi-Yuan Zhai ◽  
Zhou Chen ◽  
Li-Zhong Zhang ◽  
Xiu-Feng Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Oxygen Evolution ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Large Surface Area ◽  
Nucleophilic Attack ◽  
Title Reaction ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Decomposition Of Water ◽  
Uniform Mesopores

Tremendous efforts have been devoted to develop low-cost and highly active electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Here, we report the synthesis of mesoporous nickel oxide by the template method and its application in the title reaction. The as-prepared mesoporous NiO possesses a large surface area, uniform mesopores, and rich surface electrophilic Ni3+ and O− species. The overpotential of meso-NiO in alkaline medium is 132 mV at 10 mA cm−1 and 410 mV at 50 mA cm−1, which is much smaller than that of the other types of NiO samples. The improvement in the OER activity can be ascribed to the synergy of the large surface area and uniform mesopores for better mass transfer and high density of Ni3+ and O− species favoring the nucleophilic attack by OH− to form a NiOOH intermediate. The reaction process and the role of electrophilic Ni3+ and O− were discussed in detail. This results are more conducive to the electrochemical decomposition of water to produce hydrogen fuel as a clean and renewable energy.

Co/Cu-modified NiO film grown on nickel foam as a highly active and stable electrocatalyst for overall water splitting

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 1776-1784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengang Guo ◽  
Xiaofeng Wang ◽  
Yangqin Gao ◽  
Zhifeng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Water Splitting ◽  
Nickel Foam ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Overall Water Splitting ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Development And Utilization

The development and utilization of low-cost and efficient electrocatalysts for overall water splitting is of great significance for future energy supplies.

scholarly journals Machine Learning and Deep Learning Techniques, Features and Obstacles in the Cataract Diagnosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 87-93
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Congenital Cataract ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
New Research

Cataract is a degenerative condition that, according to estimations, will rise globally. Even though there are various proposals about its diagnosis, there are remaining problems to be solved. This paper aims to identify the current situation of the recent investigations on cataract diagnosis using a framework to conduct the literature review with the intention of answering the following research questions: RQ1) Which are the existing methods for cataract diagnosis? RQ2) Which are the features considered for the diagnosis of cataracts? RQ3) Which is the existing classification when diagnosing cataracts? RQ4) And Which obstacles arise when diagnosing cataracts? Additionally, a cross-analysis of the results was made. The results showed that new research is required in: (1) the classification of “congenital cataract” and, (2) portable solutions, which are necessary to make cataract diagnoses easily and at a low cost.

scholarly journals EFFECTIVENESS OF POLICY OF PROMOTION OF SOCIAL ORIENTATION OF AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT

2020 ◽  
pp. 76-93
Author(s):  
L.V. Moldavan
Keyword(s):  
Rural Population ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Social Orientation ◽  
Joint Production ◽  
Social Mission ◽  
Western European ◽  
Legal Forms

The main factors of social component of multifunctional purpose are revealed, the main of which are the limited spheres of employment of rural population, the village-forming mission of agricultural enterprises, due to their attachment to real estate, which is permanently located within a certain radius around these settlements and the mission of a single source of food for society and the arrangement of agricultural areas, preserving the fertility of land for the needs of future generations. The dependence of the employment of the rural population on the conditions of its access to agricultural lands and social (collective) forms of organization of small farms for joint use of lands and joint production activities is substantiated, the peculiarities of these organizational and legal forms common in Western European practice are analyzed. The essence of the state policy aimed at the rational distribution of agricultural land in the interests of the peasantry and society as a whole, and to encourage owners (tenants) of small plots of land to unite for joint activities as a factor, which influence on effective employment of the united entities management. The role of diversification of agricultural production in increasing farm incomes and creating additional jobs is substantiated. An analysis of the most common in Western European practice areas of diversification related to the development of agritourism and processing of agricultural products, which are a continuation of agricultural activities. The role of cooperative forms of agricultural processing organizations in increasing the profits of its producers and creating additional jobs for the rural population is shown. The importance of including in the social function of agriculture, the maintenance of food balance of society, which is the basis for food security and food independence of the country and the state's influence on the production of low-cost, but physiologically necessary food products is studied. Proposals were made to improve agricultural policy and the institutional and legal environment to support the implementation of agriculture's social mission, taking into account the experience gained in Western Europe and other countries.

Highly active mixed-valent MnOxspheres constructed by nanocrystals as efficient catalysts for long-cycle Li–O2batteries

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (43) ◽  
pp. 17129-17137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanpei Zhang ◽  
Zhaoyin Wen ◽  
Yang Lu ◽  
Xiangwei Wu ◽  
Jianhua Yang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Long Cycle ◽  
Highly Active

We demonstrate a low-cost and facile strategy to synthesize mixed-valent MnOxspheres constructed from nanocrystals (~5 nm), containing MnII, MnIII, and MnIVspecies. Such highly active mixed-valent MnOxspheres with high surface area greatly improve the performance of Li–O2batteries.

Immobilization of Eversa Lipases on Hydrophobic Supports for Production of Oleate Esters Solvent-Free

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria Fernandez-Lorente ◽  
Daniela Remonatto ◽  
J. Vladimir Oliveira ◽  
J. Manuel Guisan ◽  
Débora Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
High Catalytic Activity ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Immobilized Biocatalyst ◽  
Hydrophobic Supports

Abstract Lipases are an important group of biocatalysts for many industrial applications. Two new commercial low-cost lipases Eversa® Transform and Eversa® Transform 2.0 was immobilized on four different hydrophobic supports: Lewatit-DVB, Purolite-DVB, Sepabeads-C18, and Purolite-C18. The performance of immobilized lipases was investigated in the transesterification of sunflower oil solvent-free in an anhydrous medium. Interesting results were obtained for both lipases and the four supports, but with Sepabeads support the lipases Eversa showed high catalytic activity. However, the more stable and efficient derivative was Eversa® Transform immobilized on Sepabeads C-18. A 98 wt% of ethyl ester of fatty acid (FAEE) was obtained, in 3 hours at 40ºC, ethanol/sunflower oil molar ratio of 3:1 and a 10 wt% of the immobilized biocatalyst. After 6 reaction cycles, the immobilized biocatalyst preserved 70 wt% of activity. Both lipases immobilized in Sepabeads C-18 were highly active and stable in the presence of ethanol. The immobilization of Eversa Transform and Eversa Transform 2.0 in hydrophobic supports described in this study appears to be a promising alternative to the immobilization and application of these news lipases still unexplored.

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