Can governance be ethical if it is not diverse?

Can governance be ethical if it is not diverse? Abstract There is growing acceptance that governing boards in English schools and academies should be diverse. Yet progress towards this strategic aim remains slow despite initiatives to address this. We ask whether boards represent their communities and whether they model diverse and ethical leadership as seen in the culture and values of a school or trust and through recruitment and we argue that governance cannot be ethical if it is not diverse. Our thinking about the question at the heart of this paper is influenced by ethical leadership as well as the Black Lives Matter movement. We draw on two diverse boards, one a maintained governing board for a primary school and the other a Multi-Academy Trust board, to support our opinion and thank them for sharing their challenges and successes. We suggest ways forward to deliberately disrupt the status quo and ensure governing boards represent the students in their communities.

Looking Beyond the Toxic Triangle: Connecting Sexual Abuse to Failed Governance

The authors aim to further theoretical conceptualizations of sexual abuse in college sport by providing a wider framework to better identify and combat abuse within organizations. Building on the Toxic Triangle of Destructive Leadership, the authors offer an analysis of destructive leadership from an organizational perspective that reconceptualizes destructive leadership as a group and organizational phenomena by centering governing board actions in previous cases of abuse. Through analysis of the NCAA governance structure and the governance structure of higher education at large, the authors provide rationale for advancing governing boards as a sport governing body and demonstrate how governing boards are inseparable from the governance structure of the NCAA. In analyzing the literature on organizational responses to sexual abuse in intercollegiate athletics, the authors posit a new framework to better identify, prevent, and combat abuse in sport and call for enhanced proactivity from institutional leadership to address sexual abuse.

Evaluating impact of the education foundation law in management system of the private Indonesian Islamic school

In this paper, we evaluate the impact of the education foundation law in the management system of the private Indonesian Islamic school. Islamic schools or madrasas are the goal of the Muslim community to educate their children where Islamic knowledge and sciences technologies are combined. The private madrasas were initiated, established and organised by the governing boards. Rapidly growing of the private madrasa but lack of management system makes the Indonesian government to stipulate law number 16 of 2001 and law number 28 of 2004. A total of 251 respondents from various foundations among six cities in Indonesia were contacted and interviewed. Instrument analysis was performed using the Rasch model approach through the Winsteps program. We observe that three groups of respondents have the same characteristics of answers. It indicates the tendency of respondents to more agree and practice the mentioned items. The respondents were found to face great difficulties when answering dual positions and authority of the governing boards. We conclude a small impact of the applicable law in the management system of the private madrasa.

Advanced Introduction to Global Sports Law

Stephen F. Ross presents this succinct introduction to key topics of law specific to sports, comparing approaches to sports law across the globe, with particular focus on the United States, Europe, and common law jurisdictions. Contrasting the profit-maximizing approach of North American leagues with the global integrated approach of professional sports governed by national and international governing boards, the book offers a novel model for the latter.

INFRASTRUCTURAL PROVISION AND EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT AMONG SCHOOL GOVERNING BOARDS OF PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN OYO STATE, NIGERIA

The study investigated infrastructural provision and effective management among Governing Boards (GB) of Public Secondary Schools (PSS) in Oyo State, Nigeria. It adopted the correlational survey design while multistage sampling procedure was used and a total of 1585 school governing board members were selected using a systematic random sampling. Data obtained from questionnaires were subjected to descriptive statistics of frequency and percentage as well as inferential statistics of t-test at 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that there is an ineffective management of human, financial and material resources among GB of PSS in Oyo State, Nigeria. Infrastructural Provision (IP) is considered to be high. School location (either rural or urban) posed a significant effect on effective management and IP. Proper management of human, financial and material resources should be ensured in public secondary school by the school governing boards in Oyo State, Nigeria towards the achievement of the school goals and objectives.

SCHOOL MONITORING AND MANAGEMENT EFFECTIVENESS OF PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS AMONG GOVERNING BOARDS IN OYO STATE, NIGERIA

It has been observed that management of Public Secondary Schools (PSSs) usually requests and waits for funds and other resources from either the state or federal government for effective running of the public schools. This has brought about ineffectiveness of public schools due to long waiting of resources. However, studies have been conducted on Management Effectiveness (ME) with other variables but none of these studies were able to consider school monitoring in relation to ME. Based on this, the study investigated school monitoring as a major correlate of management effectiveness among governing boards of public secondary schools in Oyo State, Nigeria using correlational survey design. Population of this study comprised 5,643 members of School Governing Boards (SGBs) in 627 rural and urban PSSs in Oyo State. A total of 1585 SGBs members was selected using systematic random sampling. Data obtained through self-constructed questionnaire was subjected to quantitative analysis using frequency count, percentage and independent t-test at 0.05 level of significance. The study revealed that state of ME (human, financial and material resources) was found to be low in PSSs. Level of PSSs monitored by SGBs in Oyo State, Nigeria was considered to be high. School location has significant effect on ME and school monitoring system. Appropriate monitoring system should be ensured to effectively manage the available human, financial and material resources in PSSs by the school governing boards that would create significant impetus on the quality of the public secondary school system in Oyo State, Nigeria.

Examining Governing Board Functions and Health Center Performances During Health System Reform: A Cross-sectional Study in 4 Regional States of Ethiopia

Background: Since 1995, the Ethiopian health system has been managed through decentralizing functions, resources, and authorities to local levels. As a result, health centers are led and managed by governing boards. In addition, the national health system strives to transform the performance of health centers through the implementation of reforms. Therefore, this study aims to examine the relationship between governing board functions and health center performances within a health reform context in 4 agrarian regions of Ethiopia. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from August 28, 2018 to September 30, 2018. Primary data were collected from governing board chairpersons or their designees using interviewer-administered structured questionnaires. The performance of each health center was rated out of 100 percentage points against the Ethiopian Health Center Reform Guideline (EHCRIG) standards. Secondary data were abstracted from a routine health information database using customized tools to capture achievements on 69 EHCRIG standards and its 174 validation criteria. Since the data violate the assumptions of the parametric test, the Spearman’s rank (rho) correlation test, (a non-parametric test) was employed to see if any correlation exists among 4 parameters; namely: structure, roles and responsibilities, training and development of governing boards, and performance of health centers against EHCRIGs standards. A statistically significant relationship was claimed at P<.050. Results: All 83 health center governing boards or designees who were approached for this study, participated. The mean health center governing board function score with standard deviation was 56.0% (SD ± 14.5%). The overall performance of health centers against EHCRIGs was 70.4% (SD ± 15.0%). There was a statistically significant and strong correlation (Spearman rho correlation coefficient) between health center performance scores measured against reform standards with governing board scores of (rho=0.866, P<.001) and overall governance scores (rho=0.828, P<.001). Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, we can conclude that well-functioning health center governing boards can improve the performance of health centers against clinical, and management reform standards. Therefore, continuous strengthening of the capacity of governing boards, focusing on improving implementation of their roles and responsibilities, and continuing training on business management is recommended.