Nimba (Azadirachta Indica) Pratisaraneeya Teekshna Kshara: A Comprehensive Review

Ayurveda promises, a disease free, happy and long life. Among the eight branches of Ayurveda, each branch consists of enormous knowledge from basic concepts up to critical health care strategies. Shalya tantra a prime branch in Astanga Ayurveda is the rich in many aspects of modern surgical concepts. This branch has immense potential to belt the solution of many challenging and unresolved complicated surgical ailments. Acharya Sushruta the pioneer in the field of surgery described four principles therapeutic types in the management of Arshas i.e., Bheshaja, Kshara karma, Agni Karma and Shastra Karma. Ayurvedic approach especially Kshara Karma stood for better than modern therapeutic option in terms of safety, easy, low cost, devoid of post operative complications and can be done as OPD procedure with minimal set up. Nimba pratisaraneeya kshara has been mentioned throughout the classical literature for Arsha, described as an Upakrama and is substitute for surgical procedure. Nimba pratisaraneeya teekshna kshara which is having antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal properties and is specially told by Acharya Sushruta. It can be successfully used in the management of Ardra Arshas without any post operative complications. Pratisaraneeya kshara is external application of Kshara whereas internal use of Kshara is known as Paniya kshara. Acharya Dalhana the commentator of Sushruta explained that the substance which produces Shodhana of bodily Dosha, Dhatu, Maladi because of its Ksharana action is called Kshara. It is known as Kshara (alkali) also because of its corrosive nature (Ksharana) Kshara is having benefits like Chedana, Bhedana, Lekhana, Shodhana and Ropana properties with early hemostasis and total eradication of infection, so that it reduces recurrence, helps for the wound healing and also the duration of treatment is less. Though many researchers have been carried on Nimba till date, this review is done to highlight the significance of Kshara property in Nimba along with its therapeutic use

Precision health care strategies for older adults with diabetes in Indonesia: a Delphi consensus study

BACKGROUND Studies on precision health care for older adults with diabetes in Indonesia are still limited. This study was aimed to reach the experts consensus on the suitable precision health care strategies for older adults with diabetes. METHODS A total of 10 experts (4 physicians, 4 nurses, and 2 dietitians) agreed to participate in the 3-round interview using Delphi technique. The experts should have at least 5 years of experience in teaching or working as health professionals in a hospital. RESULTS Consensus was reached that precision health care consisted of eight elements: self-management, interdisciplinary collaborative practice, personalized genetic or lifestyle factors, glycemic target, patient preferences, glycemic control, patient priority-directed care, and biodata- or evidence-based practice. The strategies of precision health care for diabetes were divided into seven steps: conducting brief deducting teaching; assessing self-management level and risk of cardiovascular disease; organizing a brainstorming session among patients to exchange experiences on glycemic target and specific target behavior; making a list of patients’ needs and ranking the priorities; setting a goal and writing action; doing follow-up; and reporting the goal attempts. CONCLUSIONS The eight elements of precision health care provided the basis of precision health care strategies for diabetic older adults, which are the real and measurable strategies for precision health care implementation in clinical settings.

Monosodium glutamate causes hepato-cardiac derangement in male rats

People in the fast-food era rely on pre-packaged foods and engage in limited physical activity, which leads to a shift in eating patterns. Monosodium glutamate (MSG), a dietary ingredient used in this sort of cuisine, has been found to be hazardous to both experimental animals and humans. The objective of this study was to explore at the unnecessary changes caused by consuming MSG in secret and exceeding the recommended dosage. Hence, we decided to evaluate the impact of MSG by using three different doses (200, 400, and 600 mg/kg body weight orally) for 28 days in rats. We uncovered that all three MSG dosages result in a rise in body weight, dyslipidemia, inflammatory response, and hepato-cardiac marker enzymes, all of which imply hepatic and cardiac toxicity. Furthermore, changes in redox status suggest oxidative stress, which was higher in all three MSG dosages although not as much as in the MSG-600 group when compared to control. Such effects eventually manifested themselves in tissue architecture of the liver and heart, resulting in severe hepato-cardiac derangement, but the degree of tissue damage was greater in the MSG-600 group. As a result, it is possible that MSG has a negative influence on the liver and heart. However, the MSG-600 group showed a substantial effect, indicating that MSG should not be used in food preparation. Therefore, the findings of the study may aid in the formulation of health-care strategies and serve as a warning to the general public regarding the use of MSG in daily diet.

An Inexpensive, Portable, and Versatile Electronic Nose for Illness Detect

Health-care strategies are currently oriented towards non-invasive techniques for an early diagnosis. The chemical analysis seems to be a good answer to accomplish both prevention, a fundamental requirement for an efficient treatment of the disease, and non-invasivity. GC is very accurate but is expensive; its sampling and assaying processes are complicated and time consuming, while its results require expert interpretation. Over the last decade, "electronic sensing" or "e-sensing" technologies have undergone some important developments from both a technical and commercial point of view. Particularly, in recent years, the usefulness of the electronic nose has been clinically proved as an opportunity for the early detection of such diseases as lung cancer, diabetes, and tuberculosis. In this paper, a portable, versatile and inexpensive system for the measurement of gas concentration through a gas sensor array is described. The system uses low cost metal oxide gas transducers and can automatically compensate the values of gas concentration detected according to the current values of temperature and humidity. The device works in slave mode and its acquired and computed data are available by means of a host/slave ASCII serial communication protocol. A host device can periodically require the current values of gas concentration and apply the appropriate algorithms for the detection of the investigated substances.

Covid-19 and prisons: Reflection on human rights and public health

Background: The epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a challenging public health problem. The identification of risk groups is essential for the establishment of prevention, screening, containment and treatment strategies. In Brazil, overcrowding and unsanitary conditions in prisons have been a problem for a long time that facilitates infection diseases. Objective: To reflect on the vulnerability of the prison population to COVID-19 and the implications of possible outbreaks in public health Method: Theoretical-reflective study. Results: The prison population has a high clinical vulnerability to contamination by COVID-19. This is aggravated by the structural conditions of prisons, which increases the spread of diseases, especially respiratory conditions, and hinders the establishment of preventive measures. The health care strategies of this population are still insufficient. Conclusion: Outbreaks of COVID-19 in prisons affect prisoners, staff and family members, and could lead the health system to an unprecedented collapse. Strategies to reduce the impact of COVID-19 in prisons and its impact on public health are urgent. Priority health measures, contingency protocols and coordinated actions between the health and justice sectors must be implemented in order to minimize the spread of the virus in this vulnerable and invisible population.

Health care strategies in long-term care facilities in Bahia State, Brazil

OBJECTIVE: To describe health care strategies for older people living in long-term care facilities (LTCFs) in Bahia state, Brazil. METHODS: This is an ecological study involving LTCFs identified in Bahia state, which were invited to participate in a survey conducted between April and June 2021. The variables of interest were LTCF characteristics, health care strategies, visits received from national public health system (SUS, in Portuguese) teams, and health care actions taken by SUS. A comparative analysis was performed between LTCFs located in the East macro-region and other parts of the state, in general and also stratified by funding type (private and non-private). RESULTS: The sample consisted of 177 LTCFs, more than half of them were located in the East macro-region, seat of the state capital. Most facilities declared themselves as non-private (68%). Less than one-third of the LTCFs had their own health teams. Although 67% of LTCFs reported some health care provided by SUS, only 49% reported clinical consultations, with even lower percentages for other SUS actions, except for vaccination (91%). The East macro-region had a lower percentage of LTCFs accompanied by a SUS team, and the highest percentage of LTCFs with supplementary health insurance. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows the limited access of LTCF residents to essential health services, due to a general neglect of this population by public health care providers. The inadequacy of public policies to support LTCFs has important consequences for the quality of care offered to residents.

An Integrated Care Strategy for the Follow-up of Patients With COVID-19–Associated Chemosensory Dysfunction

The proportion of patients with residual olfactory and gustatory dysfunction after COVID-19 is increasing, and practical health care strategies need to be developed to manage this novel situation in otolaryngology services worldwide. Starting from our experience in a large Italian hospital, we estimated that >1500 people will complain of some form of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction in the future months in our region. We want to share our logistical and clinical integrated pathway that is aimed to screen and refer each patient to the most appropriate level of care in order to optimize resources and avoid overwhelming the available clinics.