Evaluating and Understanding the Reason for an Increase in Nonconformances in the Laboratory

This is a study of nonconformances experienced by a laboratory of a pharmaceutical manufacturing facility in East Africa. There has been an increase in nonconformances from 216 nonconformances in 2017 to 229 in 2018 and by September 2019, 306 nonconformances were already logged. Increasing nonconformances result in delayed release of tested materials and many resources are wasted (e.g. chemicals, man hours and equipment). Analysts become frustrated, which may result in inexhaustive investigations. Understanding the reason for the increase in nonconformances will enable the facility to derive effective solutions to the identified causes, hence reducing the number of nonconformances and improving the productivity and morale of employees. This quantitative, nonexperimental, longitudinal survey study was intended to evaluate and understand the reason for increasing nonconformances. Trends of the nonconformances, previous investigations, procedure for investigation and the training given to analysts have been reviewed. Laboratory incidences were the most recurring nonconformances; and these were mainly caused by analyst errors. Corrective and Preventive Actions (CAPAs) were derived by cross functional teams whenever root causes were identified. Procedure for investigation of nonconformances refers to investigative tools. Identification of root causes to nonconformances recently became mandatory. Analysts have limited advanced industrial training on investigation of nonconformances. Another study should be carried out to understand the cause of analyst errors. The study can be rolled out to other departments at the manufacturing facility to create similar improvements. Analysts should enroll into advanced courses of industrial pharmacy to gain advanced industrial skills which they can apply in investigations to find root causes to nonconformances.

The financial and economic results and the potentialities of training and advanced courses for doctors, dispensing chemists, and interns under conditions of the health care system reformation

Aim. to forecast the economic effect of potentialities of the Departments subordinated to the Faculty of Advanced (postgraduate) studies that deals with training of interns and tuition relating to advanced and re-training (refresher) courses for specialists. Materials and Methods. The research was carried out on the basis of actual indices of the Faculty of Advanced (postgraduate) studies at Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University during 2014-2018 years. The statistical methods, structural-and-logical analysis and systemic approach were used. Results and Discussion. The number of individuals who underwent (on contract terms) the primary specialization at the Departments subordinated to the Faculty of Advanced (postgraduate) studies with regard to 29 specialties was established. The financial income, 13 million 668 thousand and 74 hryvnyas, to the special fund for the first year of interns' education was forecast. The feasibility of this forecast may become valid if the maximum possible number of applicants to the internship will be enrolled (on contract terms) regarding the specialties of eligible type. As it is forecast, the largest amount of fees for the first year of studies (29,54%), will be provided by the interns-dentists, while the smallest share in the structure of income (20,01%) will be paid by the interns who are specialized in different surgical profiles. The education at the Advanced Courses and the re-training of the maximum possible number of students of the Faculty of Advanced (postgraduate) studies, on contract terms, will provide the maximum possible income, which is 10 million 826 thousand and 33 hryvnyas; 28,67% out of them are fees for the education from the students of surgery type; 42,01% are fees from the students of therapy type, and 29,32% are fees from the students of medico-prophylactic type, organization and management of Health Care and dispensing chemists. Conclusions. The computation of the maximal loading (amount of work) at the Departments dealing with the interns' training and advanced courses for doctors and dispensing chemists is of significant practical importance for the evaluation of the potentialities of the Departments subordinated to the Faculty of Advanced (postgraduate) studies as to conducting the primary specialization, advanced courses, and re-training of specialists. This is imposed in the finances as well, primarily in the money receipts from interns' training and advanced courses and re-training of specialists on contract terms (at the expense of natural and juridical persons)

Selection Into Advanced Courses in Middle and High School Among Low-Income, Ethnically Diverse Youth

This study assesses the excellence gap by examining those who enroll in advanced, honors, and advanced placement (AP) classes among a low-income and a majority-Latinx population. Prospective longitudinal data come from a diverse, urban sample ( N = 32,885) where 82.2% of the students received free or reduced price lunch. We examined numerous predictors (i.e., demographics, school readiness skills, prior academic competence) for eventual enrollment in an advanced course (middle school advanced, honors in middle and high school, and AP courses in high school) via multivariate logistic regression analyses. Results suggest that demographic factors (socioeconomic status, ethnicity, English-language learner status) often played a smaller role in advanced course enrollment after controlling for school-entry skills and prior academic competence with the exception of AP courses, where demographic effects persisted. Implications include targeted early intervention to get qualified students in poverty enrolled in academically advanced courses.

Missing Faces

In this chapter, the researcher discusses a study from the United States in which the subjective nature of criteria used for advanced course selection by middle school administrators and core content teachers is evaluated. The use of arbitrary factors by educators in decisions related to moving students into advanced courses disproportionately excludes African American students and other marginalized student groups from upper level course-taking opportunities when compared to Caucasian students. The unequal access for African American students to enter advanced courses limits the operational citizenship of these students and increases opportunity gaps, attainment gaps, and achievement gaps within public education systems. In order to narrow the distance between Caucasian students' opportunities and achievement and those of African American students, middle school educators must commit to eliminating the use of subjective criteria in all course placement decisions.

Perancangan Perkuliahan Fisika Berbasis KKNI Yang Mendukung Kompetensi Lulusan Program Studi Teknik Industri

This research aims to examine the course materials for Basic Physics I, and Basic Physics II for students of the Industrial Engineering study program at the Insan Cendekia Mandiri University (UICM). The research method used is descriptive analysis. The results of the research are to produce physics material and syllabus that will be need in advanced courses of study programs related to Basic Physics I, and Basic Physics II courses in order to find functional physics material in the Industrial Engineering study program. Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji materi perkuliahan Fisika Dasar I dan Fisika Dasar II untuk mahasiswa program studi Teknik Industri di Universitas Insan Cendekia Mandiri (UICM). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian yaitu menghasilkan materi fisika dan silabus yang akan dibutuhkan di mata kuliah lanjutan program studi yang terkait dengan perkuliahan Fisika Dasar I dan Fisika Dasar II dalam rangka menemukan materi fisika yang fungsional di program studi Teknik Industri.