PENYESUAIAN PERENCANAAN AREA KOMPETISI DI STADION SEPAKBOLA UNTUK MENGATASI DAMPAK PANDEMI

The football stadium is a building for soccer sports activities consisting of a field of play, athlete facilities/competition area, grandstand and facilities for spectators, both for match and training activities. With the COVID-19 pandemic, these facilities have to adapt to health protocols to reduce the spreading of the virus. Currently, there are stadiums in Indonesia that have been built and are still in the planning stage, and this study focuses on adjusting the planning of the Competition Area as part of the athlete/player facilities at the Football Stadium. This study tries to explore, interpret, explain and make adjustments to the planning of the Football Stadium Competition Area following the requirements of the pandemic prevention health protocol. As the result of the study, an adjustment plan is needed in the football stadium competition area to overcome the impact of the pandemic. Redesign in the form of adding access screening facilities for personnel entitled to enter by adjusting the detection facilities on access to the competition area corridor and making restrictions through access control, except for evacuation needs and maintenance. Keywords: Football Stadium; Competition Area; Pandemic; Planning Adjustments AbstrakStadion sepakbola adalah bangunan untuk kegiatan olahraga sepakbola yang terdiri dari arena olahraga/permainan, fasilitas atlit/area kompetisi dan fasilitas untuk penonton, baik untuk kegiatan pertandingan maupun latihan. Dengan adanya pandemi COVID-19, fasilitas ini harus menyesuaikan dengan protokol kesehatan agar tidak menjadi sarana penyebaran virusnya. Saat ini, terdapat terdapat stadion-stadion di Indonesia yang sudah terbangun dan yang masih dalam tahap perencanaan, studi ini fokus kepada penyesuaian perencanaan Area Kompetisi sebagai bagian dari fasilitas atlit/pemain di Stadion Sepakbola. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode Studi Kasus, mengeksplorasi dan menyusun penyesuaian perencanaan Area Kompetisi Stadion Sepakbola yang sesuai dengan persyaratan protokol kesehatan pencegahan penyebaran Pandemi. Sebagai hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa perbaikan permanen diperlukan sebagai penyesuaian area kompetisi stadion sepakbola untuk mengatasi dampak pandemi yaitu berupa penambahan sarana penyaringan akses bagi personil yang berhak masuk, dengan melakukan penyesuaian fasilitas pendeteksi pada akses masuk ke koridor area kompetisi dan membuat pembatasan melalui kontrol akses, dengan pengecualian untuk kebutuhan evakuasi dan kondisi non match day untuk pemeliharaan.

Analysis and Design of Stadium with Truss System and Shell Roof Subjected to Wind and Seismic Loading

In this paper Analysis and Design of different Structural elements of the football stadium are presented, with particular emphasis on the Combination of Steel Truss without and with Shell roof cover and its interȧction with the underlying reinforced concrete structures. The Football stadium considered for the study is of rectangular plan, with 85 m width and 140 m length and height of 19.5 m. The plan of Football Stadium is generated in AutoCAD 2016 software. The Stadium structure is composed of special moment – resisting framed. Wind velocity is taken as 39 mph and Seismic zone IV in this study. The proposed stadium is analysed using Equivȧlent static and dynamic ȧpproach by Reṣponse ṣpectrum ȧnd Time Hiṣtory ȧnȧlysis. In anȧlysing the ṣtructure, 21 load combinations are used. The grandstand ṣtructure is made of reinforced concrete and the roof is of ṣtructural steel using Pipe and Tube sections. Deȧd loȧdṣ, live loȧdṣ, wind ȧnd ṣeismic loȧdingṣ data are considered bȧsed on IS-875 (PART 1-3) 1987 ȧnd IS:1893 (Part 1):2016. IS456:2000 and SP16:1987 code is used for Design of R.C.C components such as Beȧm, Column, Seating Platform, Footing and IS 800:2007 code is used for Design of End Beȧring Plate connection with Truss member. Analysiṣ of truss and other elements is carried out with software program of Staad. Pro V8i SS6 and also the designs are carried out as per provisions of relevant Indian standards. On introduction of Shell-like roof for Open Stadium which is used not only to protect the Game from Glare of Sunshine and Rain but also appears unique and attractive. From the obtained results it is observed that the displacement due to Wind action in both X and Z direction reduces significantly by the introduction of Shell roof. Also, due to RSA and THA there is reduction in the displacement on introduction of Shell-like roof to an Open Stadium.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE TEHELNE POLÉ NATIONAL STADIUM FOR BRATISLAVA AND FOOTBALL DEVELOPMENT IN SLOVAKIA

The Tehelné Pole football stadium in Bratislava is the largest and the most prestigious sports arena in Slovakia. In this paper the author characterises the specific features that distinguish this facility from other modern football stadiums. He analysed its significance to the popularisation of football in this country, using an original sports facility evaluation methodology. The author assessed the functioning of the stadium and distinguished the components influencing the effectiveness of its regionand state-wide operation, as well as on the district and city scale—in the macro and micro scales. The study demonstrates the development potential of the Slovak’s football infrastructure compared to Central Europe.

Dimensions of Football Stadium and Museum Tour Experiences: The Case of Europe’s Most Valuable Brands

In the context of football’s globalisation, some of the most important football clubs (FCs) can currently be classified as ‘entertainment multinationals’. Sport hospitality provides opportunities to maximise club stadiums’ use so that they can increase clubs’ annual turnover and function as branding platforms. This study sought to identify the main narratives shared online about—and the dimensions of—visitors’ experiences with top football brands in stadium tours. The data collected for this research comprised 400 text reviews for 10 European FCs’ stadiums (i.e., 4000 reviews) written by visitors in the post-experience phase. Content analysis of these Web reviews was conducted using Leximancer software. The results confirm the existence of 15 themes: fan, tour, stadium, team, museum, room, staff, game, (best) place, ticket, seating, recommend(ation), food, shop and attraction. Most researchers have examined stadium tours from a supply-side perspective. The present study’s aim was, therefore, to contribute to the existing literature by analysing stadium tours’ dimensions from the visitors’ point of view. Stadium tours and museum visits are important sources of revenue that contribute to FCs’ economic sustainability. Offering outstanding customer experiences is thus of utmost importance to maximise club stadiums’ usage and strengthen fans’ engagement.

The toponymy of sporting venues: A multinomial logistic regression analysis of football stadium names

Extant scholarship on football stadium names is almost exclusively restricted to discussing naming rights deals as expressions of toponymic commodification. Departing from this rather strict focus, this paper sets out to examine the patterns of stadium names from a quantitative perspective that is based on a dataset comprising football stadiums from around the world ( n=1485). Drawing on this empirical material, the paper conducts a multinomial logistic regression analysis focused on determining the factors that influence a stadium’s name as: (a) being neutral (names carrying generic, local and/or descriptive connotations); (b) being political (names celebrating ideological values, historical dates and/or political personalities); (c) representing sports figures (names commemorating sportspersons, either former players or club officials); and (d) representing sponsorship (corporate names). The model points out that variations in stadium names are accounted for mostly by the football continental confederation, but are also influenced by a stadium’s features such as capacity, year of construction and the status of being a shared venue or designated as the national stadium.

Common international trends in football stadium attendance

This paper examines long-term developments in stadium attendance in professional football in the Netherlands. As in many other European countries attendance had a U-shaped development with the lowest numbers in the mid-1980s. The developments in the Netherlands do not seem to have been affected by hooliganism but by socioeconomic factors. Furthermore, the association with stadium attendance in other European leagues in particular the English Premier League is very high. This suggests that stadium attendance is affected not only by national developments but also by common international trends in the interest in football matches.

Homesick-Ish

Argentina was the last stop on our family’s journey around the world. After being on the road for nearly seven months, we planned to spend the remaining several weeks of our trip in Buenos Aires. We had rented a small Airbnb apartment and were looking forward to shopping for our own groceries, cooking for ourselves, doing our laundry, and exploring the neighborhood. For the first week, though, we kept busy with a mandatory to-do list of tourist sights: Casa Rosada, Recoleta Cemetery, the Museo Evita, La Bombonera football stadium in the famous La Boca district, the watery neighborhoods of Tigre....

And this is what we sing – what do we sing? Exploring the football fan songs of the Northern Irish ‘Green and White Army’

This paper draws upon digital recordings of Northern Ireland football fans singing in the stadium during all 10 qualifying matches for the 2016 UEFA European Football Championship. Supplemented by participant observation and interview data with 21 supporters themselves, the paper challenges assertions within the literature which focus upon the predominance of sectarian singing amongst a section of Northern Ireland football supporters. Although vocal manifestations of football fandom may initially appear to be randomly driven by irrational emotions, on the contrary, there is an underlying structure and sequence to fandom in the stadium in which certain factors promote collective singing at particular times. The paper identifies four key themes in particular: the timing in a match; whether or not a goal has been scored; if there is a lull or a break in play; and the use of musical instruments to encourage the wider collective to sing. We argue that it is important to understand the process by which collective singing occurs in the football stadium rather than fixating upon the alleged racist or sectarian psychopathology of the individuals involved. Such knowledge may assist in supporting those fan organisations that seek to challenge discriminatory behaviour in the stadium, particularly in the current context of the European (UEFA) and World football governing bodies (FIFA) punishing fans collectively, regardless of whether or not the majority in the stadium are opposed to what is being sung in their name.