Awareness Video Creations to Support Rookvrije Voetbalstadions in FC Twente

A "no smoking" policy as part of Rookvrije Voetbalstadions or Smoke-free Football Stadiums Campaign will be applied in all soccer stadiums below the Eredivisie and Keuken Kampioen Divisie starting the season 2020/2021. As one of those soccer stadiums, FC Twente has several problems realizing the "no smoking" policy. First is the online issue; lack of media as a source of information and knowledge. Second is the offline issues; no "no smoking" sign inside the stadium and minimum enforcer source. These problems lead to the reason for the unawareness situation of their smoking visitors. An Awareness Video has been made to help FC Twente raise their smoking visitors' awareness of the "no smoking" policy inside the stadium. The writer has done observation on the stadium, researched FC Twente's fans, and analyzed both, using Design Thinking Methodology as the framework.

Pathology of Takhti and Imam Reza Football Stadiums in Mashhad with Emphasis on Passive Defense

INTRODUCTION: Nowadays, paying attention to the significance of football stadiums as important urban facilities and applying the principles of passive defense in them are among critical areas in the field of urban management. Given that, the primary goal of the present research is to investigate the pathology of football stadiums with an emphasis on passive defense. METHODS: The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of the research approach. Data collection was accomplished through documentary and field studies. In the documentary domain, information and data were gathered from the website of sports complexes, publications, and brochures. Regarding the field domain, spatial data related to the city of Mashhad were collected from the database and field studies in the form of observations and interviews with stadium officials. The target stadiums in the present study are Takhti and Imam Reza stadiums, which were studied based on two main criteria of design and location selection based on the principles of passive defense. After specifying the indicators, Arc GIS software was used to perform data analysis and spatial analysis operations. FINDINGS: The research findings indicate that the most significant weaknesses of Takhti Stadium are the lack of access to first and secondary arterial roads, the presence of intersections and heavy traffic near the stadium, inadequate open space and parking lots, and lack of automatic fire suppression systems. The drawbacks of Imam Reza Stadium include the absence of shelter, no access to the subway stations, no direct access to primary arterial roads, and the absence of entrance and exit passageways in the stadium. CONCLUSION: The results indicate the fact that paying attention to the indicators and criteria of passive defense can extensively conserve and maintain sports facilities at times of crisis.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE TEHELNE POLÉ NATIONAL STADIUM FOR BRATISLAVA AND FOOTBALL DEVELOPMENT IN SLOVAKIA

The Tehelné Pole football stadium in Bratislava is the largest and the most prestigious sports arena in Slovakia. In this paper the author characterises the specific features that distinguish this facility from other modern football stadiums. He analysed its significance to the popularisation of football in this country, using an original sports facility evaluation methodology. The author assessed the functioning of the stadium and distinguished the components influencing the effectiveness of its regionand state-wide operation, as well as on the district and city scale—in the macro and micro scales. The study demonstrates the development potential of the Slovak’s football infrastructure compared to Central Europe.

Saturn’s Rings

Saturn’s rings are not only a beautiful and enduring symbol of space, but astronomers’ best local laboratory for studying phenomena in thin cosmic disks like those where planets formed. All the giant planets have ring systems. Saturn’s are the biggest and brightest. Saturn’s rings are made of innumerable icy particles, ranging from the size of dust to that of football stadiums. Galileo discovered Saturn’s rings with his newly invented telescope, but they were not explained until Huygens described them as thin, flat disks surrounding the planet. In the space age, rings were found around the other giant planets in our solar system. Rings have been seen around asteroids and likely exist around exoplanets. Many of the ring structures seen are created by gravity from Saturn’s moons. Rings show both ongoing aggregation and disaggregation. After decades of study from space and by theoretical analysis, some puzzles still remain unexplained. There is evidence for youthful rings from Cassini results, but no good theory to explain their recent origin. A future Saturn Ring Observer mission would be able to determine the direct connections between the individual ring physical properties and the origin and evolution of larger structures.

Mujeres en los partidos de fútbol. Estudio de caso en la República Checa

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la relación entre las expresiones verbales y otro tipo de expresiones y el comportamiento violento de las mujeres visitantes en determinados estadios de fútbol en República Checa. Los datos primarios se recopilaron mediante una encuesta por cuestionario principalmente en el estadio Eden Arena en las temporadas 2015/16 y 2016/17. Un total de 120 encuestados (de 25.01 ± 10.20 años de edad) participaron en esta investigación, y todos los encuestados asistían a los partidos en una tribuna de aficionados del equipo local. Descubrimos que las expresiones que hacían referencia a demoler el estadio y otros disturbios eran consideradas las expresiones más serias de comportamiento violento (hinchas 100%, aficionadas 84% y espectadoras 64%). Por otro lado, observamos que abuchear fue considerado el problema menos grave (hinchas 100%, espectadoras 64% y aficionadas 57%). En nuestra opinión, los resultados son apropiados, pero esperábamos valores más altos en cuanto al racismo y comentarios como demoler el estadio y otros disturbios. The goal of this paper is to analyze the relationship between women visitors’ verbal and other expression and their violent behavior at selected football stadiums in Czech Republic. Primary data were collected by a questionnaire survey mainly at the Eden stadium in 2015/16 and 2016/17 seasons. A total of 120 respondents (aged 25.01 ± 10.20 years old) participated in this research, and all of the respondents were attending the matches in a stand of home team supporters. We found that expressions of demolishing the stadium and other riots are considered the most serious expression of violent behavior (supporters 100%, fans 84%, and spectators 64%). On the other hand, we observed that booing was considered the least serious problem (supporters 100%, spectators 64%, and fans 57%). In our opinion, the results are appropriate, but we expected higher values regarding racism display and comments like demolishing the stadium and other riots.

The toponymy of sporting venues: A multinomial logistic regression analysis of football stadium names

Extant scholarship on football stadium names is almost exclusively restricted to discussing naming rights deals as expressions of toponymic commodification. Departing from this rather strict focus, this paper sets out to examine the patterns of stadium names from a quantitative perspective that is based on a dataset comprising football stadiums from around the world ( n=1485). Drawing on this empirical material, the paper conducts a multinomial logistic regression analysis focused on determining the factors that influence a stadium’s name as: (a) being neutral (names carrying generic, local and/or descriptive connotations); (b) being political (names celebrating ideological values, historical dates and/or political personalities); (c) representing sports figures (names commemorating sportspersons, either former players or club officials); and (d) representing sponsorship (corporate names). The model points out that variations in stadium names are accounted for mostly by the football continental confederation, but are also influenced by a stadium’s features such as capacity, year of construction and the status of being a shared venue or designated as the national stadium.

Large sports and recreation facilities in the tourism space of Łódź

With the growing number of sports and other types of cultural events held in Łódź, there is a demand for new sports and recreational facilities, such as football stadiums and sports and entertainment halls. The aim of this article is to show the importance of the largest sports and recreational facilities located in the tourism space of Łódź. The analysis is mainly based on an inventory of stadiums and multi-purpose arenas in Łódź. In addition, the article provides a review of the literature related to sport tourism in cities, with emphasis on definitions of sport tourism and tourism space. Another category of information used by the author includes data compiled by institutions managing the facilities and bodies responsible for the organization of sports events in the city. The sport facilities of interest are also classified according to selected criteria. Finally, the discussion is supported by statistics about tourist traffic during sports and cultural events associated with the analysed sport and recreation facilities. The analysis indicates that the largest sports and recreation facilities play a role in the tourism space of Łódź but it is not as significant played by Piotrkowska Street or the Manufaktura shopping and service center.

Groundhopping: alternativní forma cestovního ruchu

The article presents one of the alternative and popular forms of sports tourism - groundhopping. Groundhopping is carried out by football fans who want to get to know specific regions, locations or football stadiums they consider important or interesting. The aim of this theoretical paper is to define groundhopping in the context of sports tourism. The text is compiled on the basis of foreign literature and Czech experience with this phenomenon. The data are also based on interviews with Czech groundhoppers. As the main result of the text can be considered the definition of groundhopping and identified activities associated with this unusual form of tourism. Groundhopping may have significant impact (economic, social, cultural) on particular locations in the Czech Republic, which mainly refers to the specific football stadiums. The conclusions of this text can be used not only in regional development, but also in the sociology of sport or tourism. It can be assumed that groundhopping will develop dynamically also with regard to the fact that this activity is presented on social networks or specialized websites of football fans.