Pemberdayaan Kader Posyandu Dalam Pemantauan Tumbuh Kembang Balita Dengan Metode Denver Development Screening Test (DDST)

ABSTRAK Pemeriksaan pada masalah pertumbuhan dan perkembangan balita perlu menjadi perhatian khusus. Berdasarkan hasil diskusi dengan kader kesehatan anak pada tanggal 15 Agustus 2018 menunjukkan bahwa identifikasi gangguan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan balita penting untuk dilakukan masyarakat. Pendidikan kesehatan perlu dilakukan agar masyarakat memiliki pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam mengidentifkasi masalah dalam pertumbuhan dan perkembangan balita. Metode pelaksanaan program adalah penyuluhan dan pelatihan pada kader sebagai tangan panjang puskesmas untuk menggunakan instrumen pemeriksaan tumbuh kembang balita yang menggunakan Denver Development Screening Test (DDST). Bentuk kegiatan berupa dua kali penyuluhan dan empat kali praktik skrining DDST. Penyuluhan dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan kader tentang DDST. Peningkatan nilai post tes menunjukkan materi dapat diterima dengan baik. Pendampingan langsung dalam pemeriksaan anak yang memerlukan skrining tumbang, mahasiswa turut dilibatkan untuk menerapkan ilmu keperawatan anak dalam pemeriksaan tumbang. Kata kunci: Kader Posyandu, Tumbuh Kembang, Balita, Denver Development Screening Test (DDST) ABSTRACTScreening for toddler growth and development needs to be of particular concern. The discussions' result with posyandu (integrated health center for toddler) cadres on August 15, 2018, was showed that screening for toddlers' failure of growth and development was essential to do in the community. Health education, training, and mentoring need to be done on cadres who organize posyandu activities. The program's method was counseling and training on cadres as an extended hand puskesmas (community health centers) to use the instrument of examination of the development of toddlers using the Denver Development Screening Test (DDST). The form of activity in the form of two counseling and four times the practice of DDST screening in the community. Counseling could increase cadres' knowledge about DDST. The increase in post-test scores suggests the material was well received. Direct assistance for cadres in the examination of children who require screening collapsed. Students were also involved in applying nursing knowledge in this activity. Methods of counseling, training, and mentoring on growth and development screening for posyandu cadres were adequate and needed further activities. Keywords: posyandu (integrated health centers) cadres, toddlers, growth, and development, Denver Development Screening Test (DDST)

Experiences of Nursing Students who Participated in Community Health Education: Volunteering for Parenting Classes in the Municipality

Early exposure training for university students in the medical field is seen as “an educational method that attempts to motivate students by exposing them to the field of medicine and medical care at an early stage of their education,” and it is deemed to have great educational significance because it fosters students’ humanity and motivation to learn [1]. Modern youth are becoming caregivers without the opportunity to witness or participate in parenting [2]. Globally, many countries have been experiencing super-low birthrates and aging populations, and medical students’ experiences of contact with pregnant women and infants are becoming rarer. Practical training can also be a major stressor for students, as the relationship with teachers is a stress factor [3]; it is thus necessary to build relationships with teachers from an early stage.

Brucellosis and its associated risk factors to humans and domestic ruminants in Kagera Ecosystem, Tanzania

Background: Brucellosis is an important disease for both veterinary and public health. A study was conducted to under- stand the seroprevalence of brucellosis and its associated risk factors in pastoral areas of Kagera, Tanzania. Methods: Sera from 156 patients with malaria-like symptoms were analyzed using the commercial rapid agglutination test (specific for B.abortus and B.melitensis detection) and Fluorescence Polarization Assay (FPA). Sera from 426 cattle, 206 goats and 197 sheep were analyzed using Rose Bengal Plate (RBPT) and Competitive ELISA (c-ELISA) tests. Results: In humans, overall brucellosis, B. abortus, and B. melitensis sero-prevalences were 7.7% (95%CI: 3.8-12.2%), 1.9% (95% CI: 0.4-4.5%), and 5.8 % (95%CI: 2.6-10.6%), respectively. At animal level, seropositivity was 5.9% (95%CI: 4.0-8.6%), 2.5% (95%CI: 0.8-5.7%) and 0.5% (95%CI: 0.01-2.8%) in cattle, goats and sheep, respectively. At herd level, seropositivity was 18.2% (95%CI: 12.0-25.8%) in cattle and 6.9% (95%CI: 2.2-15.3%) in small ruminants. Brucellosis was associated with assisting in parturition without wearing protective gears (OR= 5.6; p= 0.02) in humans, herds of 50-200 animals (OR= 4.2, p= 0.01) and cattle (OR=3.5; p=0.01). The knowledge of brucellosis among pastoralists (OR=0.1; p<0.01) was a protective factor. Conclusion: Brucella infections could be occurring in pastoralists and domestic ruminants in Kagera. Community health education is necessary for the control of brucellosis in Tanzania. Keywords: Brucellosis; pastoralists; risk factors; Tanzania.

Community Health Education for Health Crisis Management: The Case of COVID-19 in Cameroon

The current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led Cameroon’s government to implement public health measures aimed at preventing its spread. This paper investigates how community health education on the virus was being carried out, what gaps exist and what further action could be taken. A survey instrument was used to gather data among a total of 179 Cameroonians recruited via opportunistic and snowball sampling methods. According to our findings, gaps exist. These include the need for adequate community health education on COVID-19, maximising multilingualism and indigenous cultural assets and disbanding misconceptions on the pandemic, as well as stigmatisation. The paper culminates by underlining the significance of an integrated approach to confront the pandemic. This approach captures the need to frame but also firm up community health education architecture on COVID-19 that captures inputs from different stakeholders, including indigenous knowledge holders, for collective wellbeing.

IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON MIDDLE CHILDHOOD SOCIAL AND EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT: A NARRATIVE REVIEW WITH RECOMMENDATIONS

This study aims to narratively review various articles related to the social and emotional development problems of children affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and to find out preventive measures to keep children’s social and emotional development on track. The method used in this article is a review of articles related to the social and emotional development problems of children affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The results of this study indicate that there are several problems related to social and emotional development in children during COVID-19 pandemic, namely anxiety, depression, attachment, annoyance, irritability, and fear of asking questions about the pandemic. The research also includes actions that can be taken to safeguard children's social and emotional development, such as community health education strategies and family support, managing games for children, physical activity, a balanced diet, regulating the use of gadgets, providing time to share sadness, providing time to listen to children, sharing feelings of security, strength, and affection with children, providing special care for children who suffer from toxic stress, provide psychosocial support, and provide initial psychological support.