Marketing of Mango: Perceived Constraints During Normality and due to Lockdown in West Bengal

The study was undertaken to assess the perceived constraints in marketing of mango duringnormality and due to lockdown in West Bengal. In all, 90 respondents were randomlyconsidered for the study with equal proportionate of small, medium and large farmers.The perceived constraints faced and suggestions in improving the marketing of mangoeswere analyzed through Garrett ranking techniques. The study shows that the majorperceived constraints in marketing of mangoes during normality were high fluctuation inmarket price during season followed by inadequate marketing channel and exploitation bymiddlemen. But during the lockdown, the major perceived constraints were no market tosell their mangoes followed by exploitation by middlemen and small opening hours ofmarket. The suggestive measures recommended by the mango growers to improve marketingopportunities were stable market rate according to grade of mangoes followed by propermarketing channel and elimination of middlemen. The mangoes growers had not felt needfor cooperative marketing network or formation of Farmer Producer Company for itsmarketing.

Influence of Upstream Disturbances on the Vortex Structure of Francis Turbine Based on the Criteria of Identification of Various Vortexes

The inter-blade passage vortex, the vortex rope of the draft tube, and the vortex in the guide apparatus are the characteristics of flow instability of the Francis turbine, which may lead to fatigue failure in serious cases. In the current study, in order to accurately capture the transient turbulent characteristics of flow under different conditions and fully understand the flow field and vortex structure, we conduct a simulation that adopts sliding grid technology and the large-eddy simulation (LES) method based on the wall-adapting local eddy viscosity (WALE) model. Using the pressure iso-surface method, the Q criterion, and the latest third-generation Liutex vortex identification method, this study analyzes and compares the inter-blade passage vortex, the vortex rope of the draft tube, and the outflow and vortex in the guide apparatus, focusing on the capture ability of flow field information by various vortex identification methods and the unique vortex structure under the condition of a small opening. The results indicate that the dependence of Liutex on the threshold is small, and the scale range of the flow direction vortex captured by Liutex is wider, but the ability of the spanwise vortex is relatively weak. The smaller the opening, the more disorderly the vortexes generated in each component and the more unstable the flow field. In the draft tube, the original shape of the vortex rope is destroyed due to the interaction between vortexes. Under the condition of a small opening, an inter-blade passage vortex is generated, affecting the efficient and stable operation of the turbine.

Analyzing the functional structure of pottery jiandiping amphorae

There are numerous, controversial theories on the function of the jiandiping amphorae as Yangshao culture water-drawing vessel, wine vessel, or other. This paper discusses jiandiping amphorae functional form from a typological perspective and presents the view from molding technique. The primary function of the pointed bottom concerned sedimentation, yet the vessel’s small opening was poorly adapted to cereal fermentation. The large jiandiping amphora was less transportable but better suited to long-term storage and sedimentation: wine decanted into medium- or small-sized flat-bottom vessels or jiandiping amphora was easily transferred and used, and decanting served to remove any sediment from turbid wine. Functional differences between the large and small jiandiping amphorae explain varying functions and uses of double-loop handles. The development of sediment separation technique is the key reason for the disappearance of the jiandiping amphorae.

Numerical Investigation on a Axial Slot Casing Treatment of a Large Circumferential Interval and Small Opening Area

Axial slot casing treatment is a common method to extend the stall margin of a compressor. Based on the mechanism of unsteady flow control, this paper redesigns axial slots with large circumferential interval and small opening area. To test the effect of this axial slot structure, unsteady numerical simulations were carried out with different slot areas and circumferential intervals. The results show that this novel axial slot casing treatment can significantly improve compressor stall margin. Meanwhile, compared with the traditional axial slot, the efficiency loss is greatly reduced. The flow field analysis shows that the new axial slot structure proposed in this paper can suppress the development of tip leakage vortex and unsteadiness in the tip region at the near stall condition through decreasing the tip loading periodically. Moreover, we find that the slot area is proportional to the improvement of stability margin. Under the same slot area, an excessive number of slots is not conducive to the improvement of the stability margin.

876 Paediatric NG Tubes and NG Spigots – A Novel Approach to Treating Urinary Retention Secondary to Phimosis in The Emergency Department

Introduction Urinary retention due to phimosis is usually treated with an emergency dorsal slit. We present a novel approach to treating urinary retention secondary to phimosis in the emergency department. Case report We present a 53 gentleman who was seen in the emergency department due to absolute urinary retention. On review, the gentleman had a grade 5 phimosis. After several minutes of attempting to separate the edges of the forskin, a small opening was created and a size 4Fr NG paediatric NG tube was passed providing temporary relief for the patient. Once the patient was more comfortable, the narrow end of a NG spigot was used to dilate the phimosis enough for a 14Fr catheter to be passed. The patient was observed for a period of time, discharged with a trial without catheter clinic two weeks later and listed for an outpatient circumcision. Conclusions This case demonstrates a novel technique for treating urinary retention secondary to phimosis within the emergency department, avoiding the need for an emergency dorsal slit.

Particle motion and erosion morphology of the spool orifice in an electro-hydraulic servo valve under a small opening

To explore the spool orifice’s particle motion and erosion morphology in an electro-hydraulic servo valve under a small opening, a modeled particle motion visualization test and CFD calculation were conducted to study typical particle trajectory. The influence of pressure differential, particle shape, and particle diameter on the erosion rate along the working edges was discussed. The erosion characteristic morphology and working edges’ fillet diameter distribution were measured and analyzed. There are four typical particle motions: translation and spin on the wall faced the flow, translation and turn on the backflow wall, carried motion by the mainstream and particle rotation in a vortex. A model of the erosive particle motion of the spool orifice was built based on the visualization test and CFD. During these motions, the microscopic scraping and collision of particles with the working edges are the main causes of erosion wear. The erosion wear rate of the working edge is proportional to the pressure differential and the non-roundness of the particles. The fillet of a working edge periodically increases or decreases with the circumferential angle, which occurs due to the morphology and is consistent with the erosion wear rate distribution along the working edge.

Hymen Restoration: An Experience From a Moroccan Center

Background Hymenoplasty is one of the least described vulvovaginal procedures in plastic surgery without any surgical standard that attempts to restore the hymen’s ability to bleed during sexual intercourse on a couple’s wedding night. Objectives The objective of this study is to report outcomes from a Moroccan retrospective study of a series of 529 patients who underwent either a hymenorrhaphy or a hymenoplasty. Methods This was a retrospective study of 529 patients who underwent hymen restoration at a center in Morocco between April 2010 and April 2019. The data were collected according to the requirements of the center through preoperative and postoperative consultations, presential or phone post-coital interviews. The procedure consisted of suturing the edges of the hymen remnants using Vicryl 5-0, leaving a small opening in the newly reconstructed hymen. Two techniques – Hymenal Flap Hymenoplasty (HLH) and Vaginal Flap Hymenoplasty (HLV) – are used depending on the presence or absence of hymen remnants. Results A total of 529 patients were underwent hymen restoration, including 42% hymenorrhaphies, 58% hymenoplasties, 39% HLH, and 19% HLV. The mean age of the patients was 32 years. Of the 227 women who underwent a hymenorrhaphy, no failure was reported, and all the patients who had sexual intercourse within 15 days of the procedure experienced vaginal bleeding. Of the 99 hymenoplasties using vaginal flaps, only one failure was reported. Conclusions The techniques used in our cohort are safer and the complications are minor with general satisfaction of patients.

Sand Clock and The Concept of Time in Einstein’s Theory of Relativity

The sand clock is a device used to measure time, consisting of two conical glass bulbs, which are connected vertically by a small opening neck. The top contains grains of fine dry sand. The upper part symbolizes the future, sand passes through the neck (which indicates present) to the lower part which turned past. In 1907, German scientist Hermann Minkowski (1864-1909) interpreted the concept of the four-dimensional space-time of Einstein's theory in a two-dimensional cone diagram, in which the upper cone symbolizes the future, the neck the present and the lower part the past. The researcher has noticed a great likeness, to the point of congruence between the shape and function of both, the sand clock and the diagram. This resemblance aroused speculations that Hermann Minkowski had been inspired by the sand hour in drawing his diagram. It cannot be attributed to a merely chance.