Representasi Sosial tentang Tragedi Semanggi pada Mahasiswa Unika Atma Jaya

Peristiwa Tragedi Semanggi terjadi pada tanggal 13 November 1998. Hampir setiap tahun terdapat kelompok mahasiswa Unika Atma Jaya melakukan aksi memperingati Tragedi Semanggi walaupun mereka tidak mengalami langsung peristiwa tersebut. Namun sebagian besar mahasiswa tidak ikut memperingati Tragedi Semanggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan memahami perbedaan keterlibatan dalam aksi peringatan Tragedi Semanggi melalui konsep representasi sosial, dengan pendekatan struktural. Pendekatan ini memandang bahwa isi representasi sosial suatu kelompok mencakup dua sistem, yaitu central core dan peripheral. Metode penelitian ini berjenis kuantitatif dan melalui dua tahap. Tahap pertama bertujuan mengidentifikasi atribut representasi sosial tentang Tragedi Semanggi, dan tahap kedua bertujuan mengidentifikasi atribut mana yang berada di central core dan peripheral. Penelitian ini melibatkan 230 partisipan pada tahap pertama dan 206 partisipan pada tahap kedua, yang diperoleh melalui accidental sampling. Data penelitian diperoleh dengan kuesioner online dengan teknik word association pada tahap pertama dan teknik calling-into-question pada tahap kedua. Analisis data tahap pertama menggunakan content analysis, sedangkan pada tahap kedua menggunakan chi-square goodness of fit dengan ⅔ expected frequency. Hasil penelitian menemukan 18 atribut representasi sosial tentang Tragedi Semanggi, yaitu: “korban”, “mahasiswa”, “situasi yang kacau”, “demonstrasi”, “aparat negara”, “perilaku kekerasan”, “perlawanan”, “pelanggaran hukum dan HAM”, “Atma Jaya”, “perasaan takut”, “masa lalu”, “pemerintah”, “reformasi”, “ketidakadilan”, “politik”, “belum selesai”, “orde baru”, “perasaan sedih”. Perbedaan antara kelompok partisipan aksi dan kelompok nonpartisipan aksi terletak pada atribut “belum selesai” dan “reformasi”.

The Buck-Passing Game

We consider two classes of games in which players are the vertices of a directed graph. Initially, nature chooses one player according to some fixed distribution and gives the player a buck. This player passes the buck to one of the player’s out-neighbors in the graph. The procedure is repeated indefinitely. In one class of games, each player wants to minimize the asymptotic expected frequency of times that the player receives the buck. In the other class of games, the player wants to maximize it. The PageRank game is a particular case of these maximizing games. We consider deterministic and stochastic versions of the game, depending on how players select the neighbor to which to pass the buck. In both cases, we prove the existence of pure equilibria that do not depend on the initial distribution; this is achieved by showing the existence of a generalized ordinal potential. If the graph on which the game is played admits a Hamiltonian cycle, then this is the outcome of prior-free Nash equilibrium in the minimizing game. For the minimizing game, we then use the price of anarchy and stability to measure fairness of these equilibria.

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Multiple Sclerosis: More Evidence Suggesting a Link

Objectives Previous reports of the concurrence of multiple sclerosis (MS) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in the same patients suggest shared pathogenesis, with the C9orf72 mutation as a possible shared genetic link. Methods: Symptoms, neuroimaging, and laboratory data were summarized for patients with ALS and MS within our ALS registry. Using age adjusted MS prevalence rates, we calculated the expected co-occurrence using the binomial test. Results: Clinical and demographic features of the five patients (four female, one male) with ALS and MS are described. Because ALS more frequently occurs in men, observing 4/5 female patients with concurrent ALS/MS showed a borderline expectation difference (P=0.073). The observed co-occurrence of ALS and MS was 5X times higher than the expected frequency of 0.98 (P <0.004). Four patients were found negative for C9orf72. Discussion: Our results suggest a non-random association between MS and ALS, although shared genetic etiology was not found.

The Future of the Sovereignty Game

This chapter concludes with a theoretical and prescriptive analysis of the future of the sovereignty game. It highlights several past configurations of the international recognition regime, and identifies three potential future configurations that focus on remedial rights, primary rights, and state consent. The chapter also discusses the comparative statics of each configuration — that is, the expected frequency of secession, conflict, and the fitness of new states as a result of the regime. The chapter then shifts to a more prescriptive analysis of how the game might be improved. It argues, with caution, for the merits of a regime that emphasizes consent-based democratized secession, in which independence movements have formal institutional access but where the conditions for political exit are nevertheless hard to reach. The resulting benefits for the sovereignty game are that conflict would be reduced both within and between states. Ultimately, the chapter details the potential critiques of the study, noting that the proposal says nothing about the importance of a remedial right and maintained that it is quite difficult to implement.

Perception stage regarding Covid-19 and the sexual behaviour

Objectives: The present research addresses the stage of perception of Romanian respondents regarding Sars-CoV-2 contamination and their sexual behaviour. Specifically, the goal is to observe whether respondents use protection measures during their sexual activity. Methods: The study included 621 participants randomly chose. Online scales were used, mainly the Covid-19 Sexuality Assessment Questionnaire, to assess perceptions of Sars-CoV-2 virus contamination and on sexual behaviours. Results: Scores were obtained for the three stages investigated: real information, one’s sources of information and the stage of pandemic and sexual behaviour. The frequency of answers obtained was F = 49 and the expected frequency was F = 60.9 for real information about Covid-19, having an insignificant p > 0.5. The frequency of the answers obtained was F = 52 and the expected frequency was F = 50.7 for one’s information sources, having a significant p < 0.1. The frequency of the answers obtained was F = 18 and the expected frequency of F = 16.9 for the pandemic stage and sexual behaviour, having an insignificant p > 0.5. Conclusions: The results obtained show that the respondents had less official and specialized information with and about the sexual life during pandemic, and no exact data about the danger they are exposed to in terms of transmission with the Sars-CoV-2 virus.

ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE AND INTER-GROUP BEHAVIOUR IN GUARANTY TRUST BANK IN NIGERIA

The study empirically investigates organizational culture and inter-group behaviour in Guaranty trust bank in Nigeria. Primary data was used for the study and the data for analysis was gotten through questionnaire. The questionnaire was issued to the staff of Guarantee Trust Bank in Rivers State. The data was analyzed with the use of Chi-square in other to measure the discrepancies existing between the observed and expected frequency and to proof the level of significance in testing stated hypotheses. From the result of the study, it was discovered that organizational culture has significant influence on inter-group behaviour. Therefore, the study recommends that Guarantee Trust Bank should encourage new entrants to get internalize first with the bank’s culture to know whether they can cope with them or not. Additionally, organizations should provide adequate motivational factors like housing allowance, car loan, holiday allowance, health allowance, etc.

Turning the Tap or Buying the Bottle? Consumers’ Personality, Understanding of Risk, Trust and Conspicuous Consumption of Drinking Water in Norway

This paper contributes to the debate on sustainable water consumption by exploring the relation between consumers’ personality, understanding of risk/trust and social distinction in water drinking practices in Norway. Our main research question, how can we understand preferences for water consumption?, is approached by answering a set of hypotheses inspired by a combination of three theoretical approaches. Latent variables measuring personality and conspicuous attitudes are included in frequency models based on the statistical beta distribution together with other predictors. Statistical tests were performed to find the connection between expected frequency of water consumption, personality, risk/trust and conspicuous attitudes. The conclusion is that the consequence of the connections between consumers’ personality, understanding of risk and conspicuous consumption of water should be considered by Norwegian stakeholders when planning future strategies and methods for more sustainable water consumption.

Identification and Analysis of Technology and Knowledge Transfer Experiences for the Agro-Food Sector in Mexico

The purpose of this article is to contribute to the understanding of the effects generated by the technology and knowledge transfer processes in the agro-food sector, within the context of Mexico, a developing country where the economic sector is one of the most lagging in terms of technological development. To achieve this objective, academic-industry relations, key elements, results, and benefits will be examined in 87 identified cases. The analysis begins by describing the context of agriculture and the food industry in Mexico. Then, 14 cases are presented. Results show that companies implement new processes and methods or launch new products to the market, but also implement a new culture of innovation, by establishing laboratories and undertaking research areas of the firm, creating R&D programs which formalize and continue with the academy-industry alliances. The elements that were not found with the expected frequency, according to international scientific publications, was the participation of an available intellectual property.

Analysis of the congenital malformations epidemiology in the regions of the Russian Federation

В статье представлены результаты мониторинга врожденных пороков развития (ВПР) в 23 регионах РФ за период с 2011 по 2018 годы. Отмечается тенденция к увеличению общей частоты ВПР с 84,18 на 10000 рождений в 2011 г. до 102,18 в 2018 г. Получены оценки базовых частот пороков обязательного учета, которые следует использовать как ожидаемые частоты при планировании объема медицинской помощи новорожденным детям с ВПР. The results of congenital malformations monitoring in 23 regions of the Russian Federation for the period from 2011 to 2018 are presented. There is an increasing tendency of the overall frequency of congenital malformations from 84.18 per 10000 births in 2011 to 102.18 in 2018. Estimates of the baseline of selected defects are obtained, which should be used as the expected frequency during planning the volume of medical care for newborns with congenital malformations.