Science through a tribal lens: A group-based account of polarization over scientific facts

Previous research has confirmed the prominent role of group processes in the promotion and endorsement of disinformation. We report three studies on a psychological framework derived from integrated threat theory—a psychological theory which describes how perceived threat leads to group polarization and prejudice—composed of the following constructs: group belongingness, perceived threat, outgroup derogation, and intergroup anxiety. Our pilot study suggested that need to belong and intergroup anxiety predict antiscientific beliefs (pseudoscientific, paranormal, and conspiracy theories), thus justifying the general applicability of integrated threat theory. Study 1 investigates the transition from weak to strong critical thinking regarding pseudoscientific doctrines. Besides greater outgroup derogation and perceived threats among strong critical thinkers, the model does not perform well in this context. Study 2 focuses on the intergroup conflict around anthropogenic global warming, revealing the strong predictive power of the model. These results are discussed in relation to the distinctive psychological profiles of science acceptance and rejection.

Spam Audit Detection Through Content Analysis

Nowadays e-commerce has gained recognition in day to day life; hence network became tremendous source for gathering customer reviews/opinions by marketplace analyzers. The count of user reviews that merchandise receives is increasing at high velocity. Opinions being posted on social media differ significantly in superiority. The client needs to essentially go through all reviews regardless of their superiority and decide whether to purchase or not purchase the manufactured goods. The main difficulty in obtainable study on opinion assessment is that all opinions are considered regardless of the implication of each of them. Hence categorization of opinions depending on implication is an essential job. In this article, attempt is made for opinion assessment depending on its superiority, and help buyer make a proper buying judgment. A web mining technique that is narrative and effective is used to assess the consumer opinion for manufactured goods depending on marked allocation are anticipated. The superiority consideration of consumer reviews are classified as genuine, near duplicate, and duplicate opinion. It is carried out in three steps: (1) Recognize opinion regions to take out opinions. (2) Take out and separate features of reviews by quartile compute and assign weights to the features that belong to each group. (3) Consider the feature weights and group belongingness to assess the reviews. Investigational output demonstrates the usefulness of the proposed method which measures the quality of review and assesses it in view of that. The efficiency of client opinion summarization task is probably improved by recognizing and discarding irrelevant opinions.

Socio-demographic and Economic Dynamics of Climate Change and Adaptation: A Study on Rural Farmers in Oyo State, Nigeria

The study explored the relationship between key socio-demographic and economic variables on climate change adaptation strategies of rural farmers in Oyo State, Nigeria. Three hundred (300) rural farmers were randomly selected from six (6) farming communities for the study. Multiple regression analysis was utilized to enrich understanding of relationships between socio-demographic variables and climate change. These variables: age, sex and marital status, size of households, religion, educational level, income source and social group belongingness were examined independently against the 16 adaptation strategies. The results showed high significance between some socio-economic variables and the adaptation strategy among farmers. The study revealed that age, gender, religious affiliation and social group belongingness showed significant relationships with coping strategies of the farmers. The study therefore recommends governmental and non-governmental activities directed towards enhancing capacities of agricultural extension services to address climate change susceptibility of rural farmers.

Caste feel and Personal preference

<p></p><p>Caste is a known reality in rural subcontinent. In a randomized group design 265 college students belonging to 13 caste groups selected with a questionnaire for high ’caste feel’,and were given a few other structured questionnaires comprising of the questions about day to day matters for personal preference. It was assumed that caste feel because of integrated heredity transmission, group belongingness, identity, familial or other social or personal reasons may predict some personal preference patterns? Findings reflected visible similarity in participants’ response patterns due to may be a mix of nature and nature and its role in social groups, the information could be useful for varied applications, more studies would clarify further.<br></p><p></p>

Caste feel and Personal preference

<p></p><p>Caste is a known reality in rural subcontinent. In a randomized group design 265 college students belonging to 13 caste groups selected with a questionnaire for high ’caste feel’,and were given a few other structured questionnaires comprising of the questions about day to day matters for personal preference. It was assumed that caste feel because of integrated heredity transmission, group belongingness, identity, familial or other social or personal reasons may predict some personal preference patterns? Findings reflected visible similarity in participants’ response patterns due to may be a mix of nature and nature and its role in social groups, the information could be useful for varied applications, more studies would clarify further.<br></p><p></p>

PENGARUH REWARD ATTRACTIVENESS, KNOWLEDGE BENEFIT, REQUIRED EFFORT, GROUP BELONGINGNESS DAN DISCLOSURE COMFORT TERHADAP EXPERIENTIAL BENEFIT CUSTOMER SATISFACTION DAN CUSTOMER LOYALTY

Purpose from this study was to determine the effect of attractiveness reward on experiential benefit, knowledge benefit on experiential benefit, required effort on experiential benefits, group belongingness to customer satisfaction, disclosure closure to customer satisfaction, group belongingness to customer loyalty, disclosure comfort to customer loyalty, experiential benefits to customer satisfaction and customer satisfaction to customer loyalty. The population used in this study is all Excelso customers who have amember card coffee shop Excelso. The number of samples in this study were 178 respondents. The analysis technique used is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using the AMOS 16.0 program. The results showed a significant influence between variable reward attractiveness on experiential benefit, knowledge benefit on experiential benefit, required effort on experiential benefits, group belongingness to customer satisfaction, disclosure closure on customer satisfaction, experiential benefits for customer satisfaction, and customer satisfaction for customer loyalty. Whereas variables that have no effect between variables group belongingness to customer loyalty and disclosure comfort to customer loyalty due to loyalty are influenced by satisfaction. Customers will be loyal when they are satisfied with the products or services offered by the company.

FEATURES OF CRIMINALISTIC ESTIMATION IN FORENSIC SOIL-SCIENCE EXAMINATION

The paper indicates that a forensic soil-science examination is a multistage comprehensive research, and the evaluation is being carried out after each research phase taking into account the knowledge as in the field ofsoil-science and adjacent sciences (a naturalscience evaluation), and in the field of Criminalistics (criminalistic evaluation). The natural-science evaluation is performedfrom the point of view of classification, taxonomy and other structural units of soil-science, geology, biology and other sciences. The criminalistic evaluation foresees transformation of a natural-science evaluation results in accordance with the special knowledge in the field of the criminalistic identification theory. The features of criminalistic evaluation in the identification researches of forensic soil-science examination are considered, they consist in specific properties of objects of a soil-mineral origination: the absence of data on the structure of a genetic profile of soil in overlayings on object-carrier, multicomponentness of soils, possibility of some indicators of soil to be both as patrimonial and group signs depending on the character of the ground where the crime was committed. The patrimonial belongingness of soil objects corresponds to the broadest plots of terrain and is the initial stage at localization (separation) of accident scene plot under identification. The group belongingness unites objects with certain specific conditions of emergence and existence which, mainly, are conditioned by economic activities of a person in the industry, agriculture, construction. Group signs are namely those allow to separate a local plot on a broad territory with a certain complex of properties and indicators. Each expert research of soils needs the creative approach with taking into account all features of identification objects, including suitability of accident scene plot for localization and identification, the identification importance of signs, the presence of enough quantity of ground overlayings and preservation of initial indicators in them, coincidence ofproperties of all components and impurities in compared soils.

A Comparative Study of Psychological Factor (Comprehensive Tension) Among Female Athletes

Psychological needs play an important role in the promotion and demotion of tension, because any type of tension provide frustration and these frustrated needs leads towards aggressiveness in the individual, need of direct gain, power and prestige, need for resolving ambiguous cries and for group belongingness and conformity are the main needs which appears to be of utmost importance. The most of the tensions are due to physical, social, cultural, religious, economic, political and psychological cause, and the stability of the tension have been found to be due to high competition, lack of common goals, lack of contacts, value conflict, ignorance, partiality, prejudices, conformity, maladjustment and to achieve dominance by someone. The objective of this paper is to study to measure different kinds of tension viz. communal tension, caste tension, and religious tension cultural tension regional tension and language tension. For this purpose Fifty female athletes of age group 18-25 participated in south west zone inter-varsity tournament of respective sport viz judo, badminton; table tennis, wrestling, swimming and athletics, during 2007-2008 were selected as subjects for this study at random. COMPREHENSIVE SCALE OF TENSION by Dr. Rajeevlochan Bhardwaj was used. Reliability—IT POSSESS SPILT-HALF RELIABILITY OF .81 THROUGH spearman Brown Formula and of .88 by Gutman Formula. The reliability of data was ensured through tools reliability as well as tester’s reliability. The information gathered was treated with ANOVA (F-Ratio) technique was used for comparing all the six sports with respect to Locus of control’s-Score- All the scores of comprehensive tension scale are converted to T-Score to find out level of tension in each of six sports and also in total. It is found from The findings that the study indicate that there is no significance difference among female players of Athletics, Weight Lifting, Judo, Badminton, Swimming and Table Tennis.