Inhibidores para emprender que pueden atenderse desde un enfoque de orientación para la carrera: el caso de los estudiantes emprendedores de la UNED

Resumen: En los últimos años se han multiplicado los programas orientados a la formación de emprendedores y el fomento de la cultura e iniciativa emprendedora, aunque la evaluación de estos servicios y programas no ha recibido la misma atención. En este trabajo se presentan los primeros resultados de un estudio exploratorio sobre las barreras que dificultan el emprendimiento y cómo abordarlos desde la orientación para la carrera. En concreto se estudia el programa de emprendimiento universitario llevado a cabo en el Centro de Orientación y Empleo (COIE) de la Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED). Los resultados obtenidos identifican los inhibidores para emprender y los motivos que tienen los emprendedores universitarios noveles para el abandono de sus proyectos de emprendimiento. Asimismo, se presentan los aspectos personales de mejora identificados por los promotores de proyectos para continuar con sus iniciativas, y algunas propuestas para la mejora de los servicios de orientación a emprendedores que sus usuarios manifiestan.Abstract: In recent years, programmes aimed at training entrepreneurs and promoting culture and entrepreneurial initiative have multiplied, although the evaluation of these services and programmes has not received the same attention. This paper presents the first results of an exploratory study on the barriers that hinder entrepreneurship and how to approach them from career guidance. Specifically, the university entrepreneurship programme carried out at the Counselling and Employment Center (COIE) of The National Distance Education University (UNED) is studied. The results obtained identify the inhibitors to entrepreneurship and the reasons that beginner’s university entrepreneurs have for revoking their entrepreneurship projects. Likewise, the personal aspects of improvement identified by the project promoters are presented to continue with their initiatives, and some proposals for the improvement of the guidance services for entrepreneurs that their users manifest.

ЯРМАРКА ВАКАНСИЙ В УСЛОВИЯХ ПАНДЕМИИ: ОПЫТ КУРСКОГО ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО МЕДИЦИНСКОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА

The article analyzes the results of a study conducted by the university employment center for graduates of the annual large-scale event in the field of promoting employment and building a career trajectory «KSMU Job fair», which participants are employers from more than 20 regions of the Russian Federation and students of final courses of secondary, higher and postgraduate education. In 2020, in connection with the pandemic caused by the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19), the event was held in a remote format and was called «KSMU Electronic job fair – 2020». The organizational conditions on which the successful conduct of a career event of an all-Russian scale in electronic format depends. An assessment of the satisfaction of the event participants with the level of its holding and efficiency is presented.

Youth unemployment: research of problems and needs

The problems and needs of unemployed youth on the example of unemployed young people in Kamyanets-Podilsky district of Khmelnytsky region and those registered in Kamyanets-Podilsky district branch of Khmelnytsky regional employment center are analyzed in the article. Studies of youth unemployment, its causes, types and consequences are one of the key socio-economic studies, which not only do not lose their relevance, but also, in modern conditions, acquire new dimensions. The application of general theoretical methods of analysis and generalization of the scientific literature on the problem in the process of research made it possible to conduct a theoretical analysis of the definitions of "unemployment", "unemployed" and to determine the theoretical meaning of "unemployed youth". The use of a set of empirical methods, such as interviews, surveys (questionnaires), statistical analysis, made it possible to determine the number of unemployed persons by age, the level of education of unemployed youth, duration of the period of staying unemployed being registered at the employment center, expected results from applying to the employment center and being registered, the most common types of professions in which young people have previous experience, the level of expected wages of unemployed citizens at the new place of work, methods of independent job search. Summarizing the results of the study, conclusions on the causes of youth unemployment, in particular the causes of unemployment of young women, the reasons for rejection of job offers, problems and needs of young people who are looking for job; the role and importance of the employment center in future employment are made. The prospects for further research in this area are also outlined in the article: analysis and development of ways to increase employment among unemployed youth; identification of the most relevant and popular professions in the labor market, development and implementation of innovative forms of employment centers specialists’ work with unemployed youth.

HOW TO PREPARE A REAL BUSINESS PLAN?

In the thesis, the issue of developing an effective business plan is considered, the main mistakes that are possible in preparing a business plan are identified, the need for the participation of an employment center in the examination of the submitted business plans is justified.

ON THE PROBLEM OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF SEASONAL AND TEMPORARY EMPLOYMENT IN UKRAINE

The article is devoted to the study of the organizational and legal support of seasonal and temporary employment in Ukraine. It is proved that in modern conditions of a market economy in Ukraine the value of temporary employment is growing. It is proved that employers should be able to more flexibly approach the number of employees in enterprises, institutions, organizations, taking into account different economic processes in the state and the world. When there is a need to quickly increase their number or decrease. It is noted that in connection with this, an urgent labor contract is coming to the fore today, since it is precisely it that allows you to quickly respond to the variability of the market of goods and services. Along with this, a fixed-term employment contract must be applied in compliance with existing guarantees of labor rights of workers. After the expiration of the employment contract, they are entitled to re-registration at the employment center at the place of residence. Citizens who have arrived independently from another region in search of seasonal employment and have applied to the employment center for employment assistance are registered at their temporary residence and may not be unemployed at their temporary registration. An important area of ​​development of this area would be to provide the State Employment Service, in cooperation with the State Migration Service of Ukraine and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine, with the opportunity to obtain documents for the registration of foreign nationals who wish to arrive for temporary and seasonal work in disadvantaged regions of Ukraine. to acquaint foreign citizens with the range of jobs, regions and employers wishing to invite them to Ukraine for seasonal and temporary work. In today's market economy in Ukraine, the value of temporary employment is increasing. Thus, given the diverse economic processes in the country and in the world, employers should be able to more flexibly approach the number of employees at enterprises, institutions and organizations. When there is a need to quickly increase or decrease their number. With this in mind, a fixed-term employment contract is nowadays at the forefront, as it enables it to respond promptly to the volatility of the goods and services market. At the same time, a fixed-term employment contract must be applied in compliance with existing guarantees of employees' labor rights.

The Impact of Micro-Level Influencing Factors on Home Value: A Housing Price-Rent Comparison

The housing sales market in China has flourished and gained considerable interest, while the housing rental market has lagged behind and been ignored over the past two decades. With the acceleration of urbanization, the housing rental demand is rising rapidly. Exploring and comparing the influencing factors on housing sale prices and rental prices has significance for sustainable urban planning and management. Using house purchase transaction and rent transaction data in 2017, as well as the average housing price and rent data in 2016 in Beijing, China, this paper compares the spatial distribution and it employs the hedonic price model and quantile regression model to quantify the average and distributional effects of micro-level influencing factors on housing prices and housing rents. Results show that housing prices and housing rents both have a decentralized distribution with multiple centers, but rents of residential communities with high housing prices may not necessarily be high. Both homeowners and renters prefer properties with good structural, locational, and neighborhood characteristics, as well as a good school attendance zone, whereas they still differ in terms of preferences. Homeowners prefer a higher-quality living environment. Renters are more concerned with proximity to an employment center and public transit convenience. Moreover, the price premium of school quality for homeowners exceeds the premium for renters. Higher-priced homeowners or renters differ in the preferences from lower-priced homeowners or renters. Higher-priced homeowners and higher-priced renters are more willing to live in property with a larger number of bedrooms, proximity to a major employment center, park, or school, as well as a location in a school attendance zone with higher school quality.