Forms and mechanisms of participatory democracy

The most important aspects of effective citizen-government interaction, successful development of civil society institutions, community and state depend on forming, legal consolidation and practical use of an effective forms and mechanisms of participatory democracy in Ukraine. Effective practical use of participatory democracy depends on the legal framework, the government's willingness to cooperate, as well as the competence and willingness to engage with civil society activists and the proper development of civil society institutions that contribute to democratization and development of Ukrainian society. The levels of citizen-government interaction including an informational, informational-consultative, mutual participation have been expanded by singling out the constant dialogue and mutual participation, public control and e-democracy. The citizens’ appeals, electronic petitions, public hearings, meetings of citizens at the place of residence, local initiatives, local referendum, advisory bodies, self-organization bodies, public discussions and public expertise as the forms of participatory democracy have been described in the article. The differences between the forms of participatory democracy in terms of the order of their preparation, implementation and legal consequences have been indicated. The role of public participation in the budget process has been determined and the participation budget was singled out as a tool of the community for better understanding of local budget and forming their own projects. The advantages of practical use of participatory democracy for the public and the government have been clarified, in particular, strengthening the level of mutual dialogue, increasing its efficiency and the government's response to public problems; growing citizens' trust in the government; improving the image of government through the implementation of transparency, openness and involvement; and consideration of public recommendations by the subjects of power within the framework of certain procedures.

Youth unemployment: research of problems and needs

The problems and needs of unemployed youth on the example of unemployed young people in Kamyanets-Podilsky district of Khmelnytsky region and those registered in Kamyanets-Podilsky district branch of Khmelnytsky regional employment center are analyzed in the article. Studies of youth unemployment, its causes, types and consequences are one of the key socio-economic studies, which not only do not lose their relevance, but also, in modern conditions, acquire new dimensions. The application of general theoretical methods of analysis and generalization of the scientific literature on the problem in the process of research made it possible to conduct a theoretical analysis of the definitions of "unemployment", "unemployed" and to determine the theoretical meaning of "unemployed youth". The use of a set of empirical methods, such as interviews, surveys (questionnaires), statistical analysis, made it possible to determine the number of unemployed persons by age, the level of education of unemployed youth, duration of the period of staying unemployed being registered at the employment center, expected results from applying to the employment center and being registered, the most common types of professions in which young people have previous experience, the level of expected wages of unemployed citizens at the new place of work, methods of independent job search. Summarizing the results of the study, conclusions on the causes of youth unemployment, in particular the causes of unemployment of young women, the reasons for rejection of job offers, problems and needs of young people who are looking for job; the role and importance of the employment center in future employment are made. The prospects for further research in this area are also outlined in the article: analysis and development of ways to increase employment among unemployed youth; identification of the most relevant and popular professions in the labor market, development and implementation of innovative forms of employment centers specialists’ work with unemployed youth.

Development of a strategy for entering the market by environmentally safe land use

The article presents the development of a strategy for entering the market by environmentally friendly land use. The author proposed a conceptual approach to its formation, the main components are offered: definition of the target audience, analysis of the external environment, assessment of resource potential, product life cycle, pricing, logistics, marketing, business scaling. The result of the first stage is to determine the consumer and the market where the manufacturer plans to start its activities. The analysis of the environment includes the selected set of tools to assess the external factors that contribute to, accelerate the development of the producer, and thus maximize profits, as well as the analysis of what negatively affects the development of business. This step helps to identify competitors and assess the benefits and threats. Assessment of resource potential includes analysis of the main groups of resources that must be considered when developing a strategy for the development of producers: land, material, financial, labor (management), information, intangible - in order to calculate the effectiveness and prospects for their use. The formation of the product life cycle makes it possible to create a product with a positive impact on the environment and human health. Its essence is to use a closed production cycle for a particular type of product. A number of factors influencing the price formation of a producer by environmentally friendly land use is presented in the article. With the help of the logistics system, it is possible to optimize the delivery of goods and speed up the time of reaching goods by customers. These create additional benefits for the business and increases competitiveness. The main components of the marketing system are described. The main directions of business scaling are determined, as well as the conditions under which it is necessary to carry it out. The implementation of the measures proposed in the article will contribute to solving a number of socio-economic problems in the development of the regions, the overall increase in the efficiency of the agricultural sector. All of these components are interconnected and complementary. Disclosure of their essence to some extent facilitates business activities and speeds up profits.

Trends and prospects of agricultural entrepreneurship development in Ukraine

The purpose of the article is to analyze the main performance indicators of the agricultural entrepreneurship functioning and development and to assess the prospects for its development. The following methods are used in the research: analysis and synthesis, analytical generalizations, graphic – in the analysis of the agricultural entrepreneurship development; statistical, extrapolation, constructive-computational, mathematical modelling, time series decomposition – for forecasting the development of agricultural entrepreneurship. The main tendencies and peculiarities of the agrarian entrepreneurship functioning and development are determined, the forecast for its development is carried out. The method of exponential smoothing with a damped trend for forecasting is used. The results testify that during the forecast period both quantitative and qualitative indicators will increase, in particular the gross agricultural output from 596,8 UAH million to 739,7 UAH million, which makes it possible to state about the positive dynamics of both the agricultural entrepreneurship development and the appropriate level of agricultural products supply. It is concluded that the state should strengthen the agricultural policy to promote the development of small-scale production in agriculture, the status of a producer of agricultural products in the form of a family farm in particular. Methodological approaches to forecasting trends and prospects for the development of agricultural entrepreneurship have been further developed, which makes it possible to provide the formation of strategic directions for their support and stimulation in the future. The results of the study can be used by specialists to assess the level of the agricultural entrepreneurship development, public administration officials in choosing areas of regional and state policy development and support of entrepreneurship, researchers to expand the scope of research.

Choice of tools for analysis of the quality of education impact on the state socio-economic development

The article is devoted to reviewing tools for analyzing the impact of external and internal factors on the system of "quality of education" in the educational institution. The determining factor in the analysis of the state of development of educational activities in the educational institution is determining the level of efficiency of the quality assurance system of educational activities and the quality of education. This system makes it possible to manage the educational activities of the educational institution at any level, from school to university. The article aims to propose a comprehensive algorithm for assessing the impact of external and internal factors, including socio-economic, on the system "quality of education" and the formation of indicators list for assessing this analysis's results as elements of educational institution development strategy. In the framework of the study to analyze the influence of external and internal factors on the system "quality of education," the abstract-logical method, the method of analogies, and induction-deductions are used. In addition to the tools used in the study of economic systems, the schemes inherent in the description of technical and information objects with an analogy between technical and socio-economic systems are also used. A combination of several tools: SWOT-analysis to assess the internal and external state of the system "quality of education", "PESTEL-analysis to assess the impact of internal and external factors on the system" quality of education", Ishikawa causal diagram to analyze the main problems of quality assurance education (based on the criteria for evaluating educational programs from the National Agency for Quality Assurance in Higher Education), a combination of the Deming cycle and methods of testing software products to determine the performance of the "education quality" system are used in the article. According to the research results, each of the analysis tools in the general algorithm of forming the educational institution's development strategy is presented. The use of the proposed algorithm is possible for the system "quality of education" and other systems for building models of control and management of the processes of ensuring the compliance of elements with certain indicators.

Pandemic - COVID-19, as a phenomenon: sources and origins, management methods and means of control (public content)

The article is devoted to revealing the peculiarities of the perception of the pandemic in Ukraine, the causes and exacerbation of social problems in this regard. In order to identify the causal links between them in the spheres of human activity in society, the role and place in solving this problem of public associations, including academic formations, has been determined. Four main scenarios for the spread of coronavirus in different regions of the world are mentioned. Observations of the disease development are given. Measures to prevent the spread of the virus have been proposed. Data on the first outbreaks of coronavirus in the world are given. The lack of state control and accountability mechanisms is noted. The role of the pandemic, which has led to serious global socio-economic consequences, the postponement or cancellation of sporting, religious and cultural events and the spread of fears of shortages in the supply of various goods and products, which in some regions caused panic shopping is outlined. Emphasis is placed on the problem that arises when creating specialized medical institutions that successfully take root and operate on a European basis. It is noted that acute social problems, including a pandemic, are the basis of political instability and unrest in the state; insufficient anti-pandemic living conditions make it impossible to implement preventive measures, full vaccination of citizens, strengthening democratic governance and civil society institutions. On the example of the Academy of Economic Sciences of Ukraine of the National Academy of Science of Higher Education of Ukraine and the Academy of Social Management, a strategy for solving this humanitarian problem in the future is proposed. The main directions of solving pandemic problems in Ukraine in the near future are outlined.

Specificity of ensuring the efficiency of the enterprise's activity with financial resources, PJSC «Kyiv confectionery factory «Roshen» as a case study

The specificity of ensuring the efficiency of the enterprise with financial resources, both own and borrowed, PJSC "Kyiv Confectionery Factory "Roshen" as a case study during 2017-2018 is presented in the article. Currently, the ability to finance its own activities is an important factor for the enterprise functioning. The possibility of providing the enterprise with financial resources is a necessary condition for its successful operation. The future strategy of the enterprise will depend on the type and method of providing financial resources. An assessment of the financial security of the studied enterprise with financial resources based on the analysis of the financial indicators and financial ratios results dynamics is carried out. The main place in business is occupied by income and profits generated from own and borrowed financial resources. Therefore, this study reveals the degree of dependence of the enterprise on borrowed funds and its own capital availability is analyzed. The analysis of changes in financial results and financial ratios at the studied enterprise was carried out, for most of them the positive dynamics is observed. The identified factor is positive for the financial condition of the enterprise and for the implementation of its effective financial and economic activities in the future. The main opportunities and threats to the financial condition of the enterprise in the future on the basis of the obtained results on its financial resources are identified. The main ways to eliminate the threats of a certain financial danger in the activities of the studied enterprise based on the application of modern theory based on economic-mathematical modeling Value-at-Risk are presented which makes it possible to predict the main indicators of financial activity of the enterprise in the short term.

Formation of territorial communities as a basic element of the system of local self-government in Ukraine

It is substantiated that under modern conditions the effective policy of our state is a catalyst for initiating and implementing systemic transformations, first of all, in the direction of development of local self-government and territorial organization of power. Creation of favorable conditions for effective economic activity and business development in the community, improvement of the living conditions of the population located in the united territory and the quality of services provided to residents and consumers of products, works and services, organization of citizens’ safe life, development of the community’s human capital etc. are identified as benefits of competitive territorial communities in Ukraine formation. The recent publications and researches devoted to an issue of studying the legal status of territorial community, problems of the organization and activity of this institute of local government are analyzed. For the purpose of the identification of basic postulates of the united territorial communities in Ukraine development, the theoretical bases of this process are generalized that, in turn, made it possible to determine objective preconditions of activation for their formation. It is determined that the Assembly of European Regions defines the concept of "region" as a territorial association under the direct jurisdiction of a sovereign state with a system of self-government, which must have its own constitution, autonomy or other law that constitutes state law and defines the organization and powers of the region. This approach focuses on a certain sovereignty of the socio-economic complex of the region and determines that being part of the system "state", the region is a separate structural unit - a system with its own patterns and specifics of development. The conditional structure of the governing bodies of the united territorial communities in Ukraine is also presented. An algorithm and vectors for the implementation of strategic and operational goals, which should be set by the united territorial communities to ensure the effective development of voluntary association of the territorial community is offered.

14 principles of Wilhelm Edwards Deming for quality management of hotel and restaurant ambassador

The possibility of implementing a quality management system in the hotel and restaurant complex of Ukraine based on the William Edwards Deming’s principles of quality management to meet the requirements of ISO 9000 quality standards and Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) is substantiated in the article. The purpose of the study is to adapt the William Edwards Deming’s principles of quality management to their implementation in the hotel and restaurant business to ensure the stability of services quality in the modern market, the orientation of managers on creation of conditions for the enterprise’s continuous improvement. Standard DSTU ISO 9000-2015 "Quality management systems. Fundamentals and vocabulary" provides seven general principles of quality management, specific to all activities: customer focus, leadership, employee engagement, process approach, improvement, decision-making based on evidence, relationship management. Ensuring these principles makes it possible to manage the quality of enterprises, including the hotel and restaurant industry. The quality management of hotel and restaurant services is considered as a set of interconnected subjects, objects, principles, methods and functions of management, focused on the development and satisfaction of quality requirements and reduction of its costs. Ukraine has a significant potential in the development of hotel and restaurant services. The expansion of the hotel and restaurant business infrastructure is required as well as the establishment of institutions for employees’ training and retraining. The priority is to develop the country’s own regulatory framework that would regulate the quality of services in this area. The quality management system of hotel and restaurant services must guarantee the customer’s requests satisfaction while being served in the hotel and restaurant at all stages and at all levels. Therefore, the issue of development and practical application of the enterprises’ internal standards which determine the general components of the hotel and restaurant services quality is of great importance.

European vector of sustainable development of economic and management education in the institute of engineering in the conditions of restructuring

The study is based on the realities of the state and prospects for the development of the national higher education system during the period of active integration processes into the European Higher Education Space and the European Research Space. The analysis of the following aspects is carried out: the current state of the Ukrainian education system, the actions of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine to develop cooperation with international organizations in various areas, in particular, to promote innovation and entrepreneurship in Ukraine, which is especially relevant for the industrial region - Zaporizhzhia region, which concentrates such strategic sectors of the Ukrainian economy as metallurgy, mechanical engineering, electricity. It is emphasized that the legislation of Ukraine on education sets such a goal - development, effective functioning of the education quality assurance system in Ukraine, implementation of a constant and consistent process of improving the quality of education and it is noted that the development strategy of Zaporizhzhia National University (hereinafter ZNU) is to develop and consolidate leading positions aimed at training highly qualified specialists, development of scientific research, increasing the role of the innovative component in the activities of ZNU and its integration into the European and world educational space. It is proved that the restructuring of higher education institutions in Ukraine helps to increase the efficiency of their operation. The changes that took place in the process of joining the Zaporizhzhia State Academy of Engineering (hereinafter ZSIA) to ZNU and as a result of the creation of a structural unit - Engineering Educational and Scientific Institute (hereinafter EESI), which has a non-faculty structure and consists of fifteen departments of different areas of training, are analyzed. The article substantiates the strategic advantages of the project of joining ZSIA to ZNU, which made it possible to diversify the educational programs of Bachelors and Masters educational levels in economics and management with the aim of curricula modern updating and further training of highly qualified specialists for industrial regions, in particular for industrial enterprises, in the fields of mechanical engineering, electric power and small and medium-sized businesses serving "large" industrial enterprises in the region. The results of work on improving the quality of higher education in EESI ZNU in the areas of non-formal and informal education, academic mobility, dual education, creating unique learning conditions for privileged categories of students and students with special needs, further integration of economic and managerial education in engineering education are analyzed.