scholarly journals Indicator Made from Countryside Flower Petals

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 1252-1256
Author(s):  
Ashoke Hazra
Keyword(s):  
Wave Length ◽  
Nerium Oleander ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Soxhlet Extractor ◽  
Synthetic Indicator ◽  
Colour Changes ◽  
Basic Solutions ◽  
Uv Visible

Present research introduces on the natural indicator (Acid-Base). For this samples were collected from countryside flower petals. These are pink Madhabilata flower, violet Dahlia flower, yellowish red Miralibis Jalapa, light pink Nerium Oleander. With the help of pH meter colour changes were observed using Soxhlet extractor. Cold extract of the flower petals are prepared. For this study we use UV/Visible Spectrophotometer to determine the maximum wave length. The decreasing order of intercept from the above spectroscopic plots that pink Madhabilata> violet Dahlia>redish yellow Miralibis Jalapa> light pink Nerium Oleander. Natural indicators show prominent colour changes in acidic and basic solutions. So, it is easily replaceable to the synthetic indicator which is toxic in nature. These natural indicators are easily available, cheap, environment friendly and also nature friendly.

scholarly journals Inventarisasi Tanaman Berpotensi Sebagai Indikator Asam-Basa Alami Di Kota Kupang

bionature ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur R. Adawiyah Mahmud ◽  
Ihwan Ihwan ◽  
Nur Jannah
Keyword(s):  
Color Change ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Piper Betle ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Sesbania Grandiflora ◽  
Base Solution ◽  
Synthetic Indicator ◽  
Acid Base Titration ◽  
Acid And Base ◽  
Bougainvillea Spectabilis

Abstract.  This study investigated a natural acid-base indicator which is extracted from plants in Kupang city. There are 14 plants that potential as a source of natural indicator for acid base titration, i.e, Kol Ungu (Brassica oleracea Capitata Group), Turi Merah flower (Sesbania grandiflora L. Pers), Belimbing Wuluh flower (Averhoa bilimbi L), Kaktus Merah fruit (Opuntia vulgaris Mill), Ruelia flower (Ruellia simplex), Flamboyan flower (Delonix regia), bugenvil flower (Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd.), Bayam Merah leaves (Amaranthus tricolor L.) Jamblang fruit (Syzygium cumini L.), Murbey fruit (Morus alba L.), Pinang fruit (Areca catechu L.), Sirih fruit (Piper betle L.), Kunyit (Curcuma longa Linn), and Nanas Kerang leaves (Rhoeo discolor). Plants extract shows a sharp color change in acid and base solution. Promising results as a natural indicator also shown in acid base titration which is have similar equivalent point to synthetic indicator. We can use these natural indicators as an alternative to synthetic indicator because they are found to be simple, very useful, cheap, easy to extract, accurate, and eco-friendly. Keywords: Plant, Natural indicator, Acid-Base

615. Colour changes in heated and unheated milk V. The effects of temperature of measurement, pH, and the addition of certain ions on the reflectance of separated milk

1956 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Burton
Keyword(s):  
Wave Length ◽  
Bound Water ◽  
Visible Spectrum ◽  
Ion Distribution ◽  
Phosphate Ions ◽  
Liquid Phases ◽  
Colour Changes ◽  
Reflectance Change ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Bound Water Content

Variation in the temperature of measurement, pH, and concentration of calcium, citrate and phosphate ions have been consistently found to affect the reflectance of separated milk in such a way that the entire curve of reflectance versus wave-length in the visible spectrum is raised or lowered. At temperatures between 10 and 50°C. the reflectance rises reversibly with temperature. The change is not instantaneous, and if the temperature is changed abruptly the reflectance change to the new value is exponential, with a time constant of about 40 min.Reflectance is independent of pH in the range 5·8–6·6, but for greater values it drops sharply.Added calcium ions increase the reflectance of separated milk, and added citrate and phosphate ions decrease it, independently of the simultaneous changes in pH.It is suggested that the reflectance changes which have been found to occur are all caused by changes in the sizes of the casein particles in milk which are brought about by the factors considered. The results given by other authors on viscosity and bound water content, and on direct electron-micrographic observation of casein, are cited to support this contention.It is further suggested that the change in casein particle size with temperature may be due to a change in the calcium-ion distribution between solid and liquid phases.The viscosity and reflectance results for separated milk heated to 70°C. and above are apparently anomalous, but they can be explained on the hypothesis that denatured soluble proteins aggregate into particles having a high ration of length to breadth.

scholarly journals The Properties of Nano-Gold Particles Synthesized by Ascorbic Acid With Acacia Gum and Sodium Hydroxide as Stabilizers

2019 ◽  
pp. 2149-2155
Author(s):  
Dhelal Abdul Ghafoor ◽  
Rana M. Yas ◽  
Muna Ahmed Saeed
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Wave Length ◽  
Chloroauric Acid ◽  
Nano Particle ◽  
Nano Gold ◽  
Acacia Gum ◽  
Different Shapes ◽  
Uv Visible

In this work, biocompatible gold nanoparticles were synthesized by reducing the chloroauric acid with ascorbic acid as a reducing agent. Colloidal gold nanoparticles were stabilized through nontoxic acacia gum sodium hydroxide .Synthesizing gold nano particle is confirmed by the change in color of chloroauric acid from yellow to ruby red and brown color depending on the stabilizers. The gold nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Visible spectrophotometer. Where the peak of the absorbance of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) was observed between the wave length 526 and 535 nm. The results of zeta potential were found in rang (-19, -40 mv), AFM and TEM images show two different shapes, hexagonal and spherical and the size of gold nanoparticles between 21.5nm and  29nm.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of New Azo Compounds Linked to 1, 8-Naphthalimide and Studying Their Ability as Acid-Base Indicators

2019 ◽  
pp. 2341-2352
Author(s):  
Suaad M.H. Al-Majidi ◽  
Mohammed G.A Al-Khuzaie
Keyword(s):  
Diazonium Salt ◽  
Coupling Reaction ◽  
Alkaline Media ◽  
Azo Compounds ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Naphthalic Anhydride ◽  
Azo Compound ◽  
Basic Solutions ◽  
Specific Reactions

New Azo compounds containing an 1,8-naphthalimide moiety were synthesized from 1, 8-naphthalic anhydride by a reaction with p-phenylenediamine or benzidine to produce 1,8-naphthalimide derivatives (1 or 2), which were converted to diazonium salt derivatives by using sodium nitrite and acetic acid at 0-5 áµ’C. The diazonium salt was subjected to a coupling reaction with different substituted phenol in alkaline media at 0-5 áµ’c to produce azo compound derivatives (3-14). The New Azo compound derivatives (3-14) were identified by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and FTIR and by measuring characteristic physical properties and specific reactions. Also, the ability of the prepared azo compounds to work as acid-base indicator was investigated, since azo dyes have different and sharp colors in acidic or basic solutions.

scholarly journals A Green Protocol for the Electrochemical Synthesis of a Fluorescent Dye with Antibacterial Activity from Imipramine Oxidation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Souri ◽  
Mahmood Masoudi Khoram ◽  
Davood Nematollahi ◽  
Mohammad Mazloum-Ardakani ◽  
Hojjat Alizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Oxidation ◽  
Group Formation ◽  
Wave Length ◽  
Excitation Wave ◽  
Green Protocol ◽  
Antibacterial Performance ◽  
Controlled Potential ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Controlled Potential Coulometry

Abstract Electrochemical oxidation of imipramine (IMP) has been studied in aqueous solutions by cyclic voltammetry and controlled-potential coulometry techniques. Our voltammetric results show a complex behavior for oxidation of IMP at different pH values. In this study, we focused our attention on the electrochemical oxidation of IMP at a pH of about 5. Under these conditions, our results show that the oxidation of IMP leads to the formation of a unique dimer of IMP (DIMP). The structure of synthesized dimer is fully characterized by UV-visible, FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass spectrometry techniques. It seems that the first step in the oxidation of IMP is the cleavage of the alkyl group (formation of IMPH). After this, a domino oxidation-hydroxylation-dimerization-oxidation reaction, converts IMPH to (E)-10,10',11,11'-tetrahydro-[2,2'-bidibenzo[b,f]azepinylidene]-1,1'(5H,5'H)-dione (DIMP). The synthesis of DIMP is performed in an aqueous solution under mild conditions, without the need for any catalyst or oxidant. Based on our electrochemical findings as well as the identification of the final product, a possible reaction mechanism for IMP oxidation has been proposed. Conjugated double bonds in the DIMP structure cause the compound to become colored with sufficient fluorescence activity (excitation wave-length 535 nm and emission wave-length 625 nm). Moreover, DIMP has been evaluated for in vitro antibacterial. The antibacterial tests indicated that DIMP showed good antibacterial performance against all examined gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli and Shigella sonnei).

scholarly journals Studi Morfologi Stomata Daun Glodokan (Polyalthia longifolia Sonn) pada Lingkungan Berbeda

bionature ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Asmawati Munir ◽  
Lili Darlian ◽  
Sri Nurjaya
Keyword(s):  
Color Change ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Piper Betle ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Sesbania Grandiflora ◽  
Base Solution ◽  
Synthetic Indicator ◽  
Acid Base Titration ◽  
Acid And Base ◽  
Polyalthia Longifolia

Abstract. This study investigated a natural acid-base indicator which is extracted from plants in Kupang city. There are 14 plants that potential as a source of natural indicator for acid base titration, i.e, KolUngu (Brassica oleracea Capitata Group), Turi Merah flower (Sesbania grandiflora L. Pers), BelimbingWuluh flower (Averhoa bilimbi L), Kaktus Merah fruit (Opuntia vulgaris Mill), Ruelia flower (Ruellia simplex), Flamboyan flower (Delonix regia), bugenvil flower (Bougainvillea spectabilisWilld.), Bayam Merah leaves (Amaranthus tricolor L.) Jamblang fruit (Syzygiumcumini L.), Murbey fruit (Morus alba L.), Pinang fruit (Areca catechu L.), Sirih fruit (Piper betle L.), Kunyit (Curcuma longa Linn), and Nanas Kerang leaves (Rhoeo discolor). Plants extract shows a sharp color change in acid and base solution. Promising results as a natural indicator also shown in acid base titration which is have similar equivalent point to synthetic indicator. We can use these natural indicators as an alternative to synthetic indicator because they are found to be simple, very useful, cheap, easy to extract, accurate, and eco-friendly. Keywords: plant, natural indicator, acidbase.

Acid-base and aggregation behavior of water soluble N-confused porphyrin

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (03) ◽  
pp. 231-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet L. Shaw ◽  
Jonathan L. McMurry ◽  
Pooya Salehi ◽  
Alexander Stovall
Keyword(s):  
Low Ph ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Aggregation Behavior ◽  
Aggregate Formation ◽  
Visible Spectroscopy ◽  
Acidic Media ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Spectroscopic Evidence ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Uv Visible

The acid-base and aggregation behavior of water soluble meso-tetrakis(p-sulfonato-phenyl)N-confused porphyrin was explored using UV-visible spectroscopy. Stepwise protonation events were observed in acidic media with pK4 = 5.8 and pK3 = 7.7, and spectroscopic evidence suggests the formation of polymeric aggregates at low pH. meso-tetrakis(p-sulfonatophenyl)N-confused porphyrin was found to obey Beer's Law in dimethylformamide and methanol over the concentration range of 10-4 to 10-6 M and at low concentration in water. Deviations in water at higher concentration were analyzed to determine KD values for aggregate formation in the presence and absence of salt and buffer.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of the Properties of Acid-Base Indicator of Rose (Rosa setigera), Allamanda (Allamanda cathartica), and Hibiscus (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis) Flowers

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley I. R. Okoduwa ◽  
Lovina O. Mbora ◽  
Matthew E. Adu ◽  
Ameh A. Adeyi
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Solvent Extraction ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Visible Region ◽  
Electromagnetic Spectrum ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Soxhlet Extractor ◽  
Synthetic Indicators ◽  
Hibiscus Rosa Sinensis ◽  
Acid And Base

The need to develop effective alternative for synthetic indicators is the demand of present-day chemistry. The acid-base indicator properties of Rose (Rosa setigera), Allamanda (Allamanda cathartica), and Hibiscus (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis) flowers were examined. Colour pigments were extracted from the flowers via cold and solvent extraction using soxhlet extractor. The pH value of the extracts with wavelengths of absorption was determined using ultraviolet spectrophotometer. From the results obtained, all the extracts exhibited sharp contrast between their colours in acid and base. Their pH was found to be 5.5 for cold extract of Rose and 5.6 for solvent extraction, 5.24 for cold extract of a Hibiscus and 6.52 for solvent extraction, 5.35 for cold extract of Allamanda, and 5.45 for solvent extraction. The maximum wavelengths of absorption obtained for all the extract fall within the visible region of electromagnetic spectrum. These values are almost similar to that obtained from synthetic indicators. It is on these bases that we concluded that natural indicators could be an excellent replacement for synthetic indicators since they are cheap, readily available, simple to extract, not toxic, user and environmentally friendly.

scholarly journals ADSORPTION OF Cr(VI) ON BLACK WATER

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-175
Author(s):  
Rasti Januarita ◽  
Herdiansyah Herdiansyah
Keyword(s):  
Wave Length ◽  
Complexing Agent ◽  
Organic Fraction ◽  
Acid Properties ◽  
Visible Spectrophotometry ◽  
Black Water ◽  
Species Analysis ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Initial Work ◽  
Uv Visible

The effect of initial concentration of Cr(VI) on adsorption to black water of Gambut, District of Banjar, South Borneo has been investigated, as well as interaction between Cr(VI) species and functional black water organic fraction. The initial work was optimization of Cr(VI) determination using UV-Visible Spectrophotometry with diphenylcarbacide as complexing agent and preparation of black water using mixture of 2% HCl and 5% HF with HCl-HF ratio of 1 : 1 (v/v). The quantity of Cr(VI) species adsorbed on black water was calculated by determining the amount of Cr(VI) species in solution before and after interaction. The functional groups in interaction between Cr(VI) species and black water organic fraction was studied qualitatively using infrared spectroscopy. The results showed that optimum condition for Cr(VI) species analysis using UV-Visible spectrophotometry with diphenylcarbacide as complexing agent was at wave length of 540 nm, pH 1,5, 15 - 60 minutes at which complex remain stable, and minimum mol ratio of diphenylcarbacide : Cr(VI) 45 : 1, and has a sensitivity of 1.134 mg/L and detection limit of 0.00495 mg/L. The analysis was not affected by the presence of Cr(III) in concentration less than 40 times of Cr(VI) concentration. After treatment with HCl-HF the quantity of black water organic fraction showing humic acid properties decreased 0,1998 percent. Organic fraction of black water used adsorpted Cr(VI)with capacity of 4,050 mg/g.   Keywords: Adsorption, Cr(VI), Black Water

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