Abraham Bids Farewell to Hagar and Ishmael. Continuity and Variation of the Iconographic Type

In traditional Christian artistic visualization, the episode of Hagar and Ishmael in the desert has given rise to various iconographic types: “The feast for the weaning of Isaac and Sara’s protests,” “Abraham bids farewell to Hagar and Ishmael,” “Hagar and Ishmael in the desert” and “Divine salvation for Hagar and Ishmael”. This study looks into the continuity and variation over time of the second of these types: “Abraham bids farewell to Hagar and Ishmael,” the one most depicted out of this entire biblical topic or episode. Since the Byzantine Octateuch in the East (11th century.) and the Canterbury Hexateuch (ca. 1025–1049) in the West, this iconographic type has remained into the Late Modern period, with some variations over time. This study is exclusively iconographic or descriptive; it only verifies the codification of the type in order to set out an analytical basis prior to future hermeneutic or iconological studies.

Indicators of effective site management

The article deals with the problem of assessing the effect of managing a library web-site. The purpose of the article is to identify indicators of effective website management. It has been established that the result of website management can be expressed by several effects at once: social, technological, managerial, economic. The analytical basis for assessing indicators is the data of web analytical tools. The definition of the effectiveness of the library in the web environment, considered in the article, is given. A detailed list of actions is proposed to assess the possible effects of managing a library website using web analytics data

Law, Morality, and the Existence of Human Rights

In the debate between positivism and non-positivism, the argument from relativism plays a pivotal role. The argument from relativism, as put forward, for instance, by Hans Kelsen, says, first, that a necessary connection between law and morality presupposes the existence of absolute, objective, or necessary moral elements and, second, that no such absolute, objective, or necessary moral elements exist. The reply presented here is that absolute, objective, or necessary moral elements do exist, for human rights exist, and human rights exist because they are justifiable. The analytical basis of the justifiability thesis is a distinction between eight approaches. The first six have more defects than strengths, but there are two approaches that are able to solve the justification problem to a sufficient degree.

ANALYTICAL BASIS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ADAPTIVE STRATEGIES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL BUSINESS ENTERPRISES

Given the unstable state of the national economy, unfavorable environmental conditions and unhealthy competition in the markets between business entities, there is a need to form an effective set of strategically effective measures and solutions to be able to respond quickly to destabilizing effects. The state and features of development of small business enterprises of food industry of Ternopil region are investigated; the analysis of activity of the chosen small enterprises of the Ternopil region on the basis of data of the statistical reporting is carried out; the analytical basis of development of adaptive development strategies on the basis of regression analysis is substantiated and the peculiarities of their formation are determined.Keywords: adaptation, adaptive strategy, small business, regression analysis, bakery industry, food industry.

Staff motivation as a growth factor labor productivity and efficiency in the service sector

The scientifi c article deals with the organization of the functioning of retail retail companies. The possibility of using marketing tools in personnel management in the "Trade" industry is shown. Recommendations are given for the formation of key Performance Indicators (KPI) when evaluating the quality of professional tasks performed by employees in the industry. The analytical basis confi rming the signifi cance, relevance and need to adjust the terms of use of the KPI system in the Trade industry was the offi cial information posted on the websites of retail retail companies and customer reviews of the Austin LLC, Zolla LLC and Gloria Jeans JSC store chains. The scientifi c article presents the author’s subjective opinion on the degree of customer satisfaction with the organization of the functioning of retail retail companies included in the research base

Ferdinando Galiani’s Newtonian Social Mathematics

The evolution of Ferdinando Galiani’s thought toward social mathematic has been neglected by scholars, and his attempt to establish political arguments on the analytical basis remains unexplored. The non-systematic nature of Galiani’s intuitions, due to his laziness, largely justifies this underestimation of his scientific program. This paper intends to show that the mature abbé Galiani follows an intellectual itinerary autonomous and parallel to that followed by Marquis de Condorcet in the same years. The anti-Physiocratique querelle represents Galiani’s methodological maturation. In contrast with Physiocratic economic doctrine, based on the primacy of deductive methodology, Galiani claims for economic science the realism of circumstance against aprioristic axiomatic hypotheses and rationalist generalizations. Galiani’s project, substantially similar to Marquis de Condorcet’s approach to social science, can be defined as Newtonian social mathematics opposed to Physiocratic Cartesian social mathematics.

Analytical basis of the contracting enterprise's activity in the modern digital environment

In the article on the basis of the former general-methodical basis where the methodology of construction developer and digital administration by construction organizations is combined; scientific and applied bases of VIM-technologies; "Geometric econometrics"; modern methods of formalized modeling and adjustment of the cycle of development projects; the latest approaches to the formation of organizational structures for the management of construction production with the involvement of digital technologies. The methodological basis of the study was based on a productive combination of visual and graphical capabilities of BIM-technology, digital control technologies, methods of graph-analytical visualization (provided through the use of "geometric econometrics"). The resulting methodological apparatus allows the use of BIM-technologies in the organization of construction in fundamentally new positions - not only as a means of graph-analytical structuring of physical volumes of contract work, but, above all, as a modern basis for variable organizational and technological modeling of works and stages of construction. project and as a tool for managing the cycle and environment of the development project. It is substantiated and proved that when forming the analytical basis of the construction enterprise in modern digital space it is expedient to take into account the vector of improvement of management models in the direction from single-purpose to multi-purpose, from deterministic to deterministic-stochastic, from worc-arc model (robot-arc). to the model of the synthetic type “worc & matrix” “work & top”. The successful operation and development of construction organizations participating in projects in the digital environment requires a sound approach to the formation of their competitive strategy as executors. The article highlights that the concept of competitive strategy of the contractor is a set of rules and techniques that should guide the construction organization, ready for change in its activities through the involvement of digital management format: integral elements of the process of digital transformation in construction are changes in activities of construction organizations, which consist in a full-scale digital transformation based on the company's digital development strategy. Implementing the measures envisaged by the digital strategy requires an integrated approach that includes the company's development in various areas, but understanding the trends of the digital environment and construction market will allow companies to rationally use existing digital potential and effectively identify ways to further digital development of construction companies.