RESEARCH OF ENERGY TRANSITION 4.0 FROM THE POSITION OF ECONOMIC SYNERGY

Modern energy systems are at the stage of global transformations affecting the function-ing of industries and spheres of activity. The changes that are taking place are not always positive. For example, the unreliability of re-newable energy in difficult weather condi-tions has led to problems with energy supply to European consumers in 2020–2021. The article shows the feasibility of using the ter-minological and mathematical apparatus of economic synergy for the analysis and fore-casting of indicators of energy systems. In particular, it is proposed to take into account the partial reversibility of evolutionary pro-cesses in the strategic planning of energy development.

PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP AS AN INSTRUMENT OF STATE INVESTMENT POLICY: ECONOMIC MODELS AND LEGAL REGULATION

The article presents the organizational and legal characteristics of public-private part-nership as one of the effective instruments of state financial policy. The origin of the PPP institute in foreign countries is considered: Great Britain, USA, etc. The branches of law regulating PPP in the Russian Federation are characterized. The advantages of PPP for the state and business are described: reducing the burden on the budget, access to state assets, synergy of the administrative resource of the state and the innovative po-tential of business, etc. The PPP models are characterized: ВОТ, DBOT, BOOT, etc., as well as organizational and legal forms of PPP implementation: concession, life cycle partnership, etc.

CURRENT ISSUES OF INCREASING EF-FICIENCY OF SAINT-PETERSBURG STATE TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE (TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY) STUDENTS’ INVOLVEMENT IN THE INDEPENDENT ASSESSMENT OF QUALIFICATIONS

Currently, the government pays more atten-tion to the standards and guidelines for all education systems to ensure that vocational and higher education programmes are coor-dinated with the evolving needs of the labour market. This policy includes development of the National qualifications system and of the independent assessment of qualifications, which could be served for external evalua-tion of the quality of higher education. The paper represents indicators of SPbGTI(TU) students' involvement in the procedures of independent qualifications assessment, re-sults of students' awareness about the Na-tional Qualifications System and about the infrastructure, which carries out this as-sessment, as well as results of the study of students' motives for voluntary participation in the procedures of the independent qualifi-cations assessment. The paper also offers suggestions about improving students’ in-volvement in the independent assessment of qualifications.

RESEARCH OF THE POSSIBILITY OF PRODUCTION AND UTILIZATION OF RDF FUEL

The issues of sustainable development of waste management systems are actively discussed throughout the world both at the level of government agencies and at the lev-el of the scientific and expert community. One of the ways to improve the existing practice of waste management in Russia is the search for ways to involve them in eco-nomic circulation as secondary material and energy resources. The article shows the fea-sibility of using solid municipal and industrial waste for the production of alternative fuels.

ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF HIGHER SCHOOL LATERAL CLUSTERS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE SAINT-PETERSBURG STATE TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE (TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY) (SPbGTI(TU))

The article reveals possible strategies for innovative and competitive development of lateral clusters of higher education and the creation of corporate formations on the ex-ample of Higher School – SPbGTI(TU) on the principles of synergy, in accordance with the requirements of consumers and the ef-fectiveness of the country's development; a methodology for assessing the effectiveness of sustainable strategic activities and innova-tive development of the lateral cluster in the region is proposed, taking into account the synergistic effect.

ECOSYSTEMS ARE THE DEFINING VECTOR OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY

The article discusses the system ele-ments, types of ecosystems, conditions for the development and regulation of Russian ecosystems.

COMPETITION AND METHODS OF COMPETITION IN THE DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY ENVIRONMENT

The article examines the concept of "compe-tition". The actual competitive cases and ways of competition between the largest manufacturers of digital technology are con-sidered. The author examines the competi-tion in the markets of computing processors, smartphones and home entertainment sys-tems. The article presents sales charts of competing companies and comparisons of consumer characteristics of goods that di-rectly affect their competitiveness.

INTERNATIONAL PRACTICE OF USING ENDOWMENT FUNDS AS LEVERS OF SUSTAINABLE SOCIALLY RESPONSIBLE DEVELOPMENT OF UNIVERSITIES

This article analyzes the problems of addi-tional financing of the university and the possibility of considering them as a subject of social responsibility for Russian society. The possibility of improving the quality of education in higher education through the use of endowment assets is substantiated. The definition of endowment assets and funds is given. The level of development of this mechanism by the leading Russian uni-versities is determined. The author analyzes the statistics of successful foreign use of such a tool as endowment funds. This article attempts to establish the relationship be-tween the number of participants in endow-ment funds and the amount of funds raised. Also, the tasks necessary to develop an al-gorithm of actions that allow Russian higher education to use endowment assets have been formulated.

ON THE NEED TO IMPLEMENT THE PRINCIPLE OF "FORMATION OF A LABOR INCENTIVE PROGRAM" OF F. TAY-LOR'S SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT SYS-TEM IN MODERN CONDITIONS OF SO-CIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

The article presents the results of a study of the processes of implementing the principle of "formation of a labor incentive program" of the F. Taylor scientific management system, formed to manage enterprises as socio-economic systems of the microeconomic level, in relation to the modern macroeco-nomic system of socio-economic develop-ment at the state (national economy) level. The features of the implementation of the principle of the "labor incentive program" in the implementation of the processes of managing the socio-economic development of Russia both in conditions of nominal eco-nomic stability and in objectively crisis condi-tions of management are demonstrated. The problems of implementation of the principle of "formation of the labor incentive program" in the management of the national socio-economic system in modern conditions are analyzed, and proposals are formulated to ensure its implementation.

INNOVATIVE INFRASTRUCTURE AS A DRIVER OF REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT

The innovative infrastructure of the region symbolizes the totality of the objects of inno-vation activity and the correlation between them. The creation and development of in-frastructure is impossible without taking into account the peculiarities of each of the re-gions, its specialization, which also affects the innovation and investment potential of the region. As a result, the formation of inno-vative infrastructure provides a powerful in-centive for the development of the regional economy. The purpose of the study is to study the process of creating and developing the innovative infrastructure of the region on the basis of the already existing theoretical and methodological groundwork and practi-cal experience, as well as to determine the "driving" mechanisms of innovative devel-opment. The paper considers the main prob-lems of the formation of innovation infra-structure, assesses the current state of inno-vation infrastructure and formulates the "driving" mechanisms of innovative devel-opment. It is proved that the innovative infra-structure is the driver of the innovative de-velopment of the region, therefore, the pro-spects for the development of innovation stimulation and the expansion of network interaction are especially important.