BRICS Network University potential as an educational platform for innovative cooperation

The prospects for increasing the share of training and coverage of educational cooperation in the field of innovation in the BRICS Network University - one of the most important modern forms of cooperation in the field of education at the international level - are studied. The concepts of network structure and network university are considered. The effects of network interaction and the principles of functioning of network universities are revealed, and an overview of the approach to classifying network structures by the target feature of formation is given. The purpose is to search for opportunities to set up an innovative orientation of the BRICS Network University educational process as the general innovative cooperation stimulation platform of the participating countries. For this purpose, the experience of participation of Russian universities in other network universities (CIS and SCO) was explored, and possible formats of cooperation between innovation teams and interested students in the BRICS countries were proposed to stimulate both traditional mobility of students, teachers and employees, and general innovation exchange through the BRICS Network University.

Methodical Approach to Assessing Innovative Development Efficiency of Regional Economic Systems

Modern globalization processes of economic development are increasingly focusing on the regional level of economic development. The regional economic systems are the basis of economic development, as evidenced by the practice of European countries. Innovative orientation is and remains important for creative economy development, because it is the innovative development of regional economic systems that allows to increase efficiency of the economic activity, to use available resources more rationally without harming the environment, to improve living standards and more. In turn, innovative orientation of economic development of regional economic systems requires the development of methodological approaches to assess the regional innovation efficiency. The outlined and others determined the relevance of the scientific research on the development of a methodological approach to assessing innovative development efficiency of regional economic systems, to which this article is devoted. As a result of the research, a methodical approach to assessing the dynamics of innovation efficiency of regional economic systems in the conditions of the creative economy development, which provides for four stages of its implementation, was developed. This approach allows to objectively analyze innovation efficiency of regions by determining the integrated index of innovation efficiency and the coefficient of the innovation efficiency dynamics, as well as to determine the most influential indicators that will further develop mechanisms to enhance innovation processes in regional economic systems and to increase their innovative development efficiency. The proposed methodological approach to assessing innovative development efficiency of Polish voivodeships has been tested.

MODERN TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIVE BUILDINGS AND COMPLEXES

The establishment of innovative facilities took a long way, therefore the existing innovative infrastructure is diverse. Despite the huge number of different types of architectural structures of innovative orientation, it is possible to track and identify similar areas of creation and operation of such objects. Buildings and complexes of innovative activity represent the association of high-tech firms for the purpose of their economic growth in research and production facilities, which are located on the same territory. The main functions of the newly formed research and production facilities are: the development of information transfer technology between companies-residents of research and production facilities; assistance in the creation and development of new forms and types of innovative facilities; provision of temporary ownership and use of premises and territories for small and medium-sized businesses; organization of interaction between educational institutions and the business community in order to implement joint research activities necessary for technological development. The article considers the current trends in the development and formation of buildings and complexes of innovative purpose in the context of technological progress and socio-economic changes, based on the analysis of the experience of design and construction of this type of objects, as well as the study of scientific literature. It is concluded that the identified trends can be recommended for improving the innovation infrastructure in the region.

THE PROBLEM OF EVALUATION OF ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF SCIENCE AT THE MACRO LEVEL

The article is devoted to solving the problem of evaluating the effectiveness of research and development systems of countries with the help of economic indicators that could be useful for solving the tasks of improving scientific policy and management, in particular in Ukraine. It is noted that the main ones could be economic indicators of the effectiveness of research and development, which would represent the difference and the relationship between the sum of the prices of fragments of new knowledge and the cost of their creation. However, it is shown that the calculation of both of these components can hardly be accurate enough, due to the nature of knowledge formation and the peculiarities of their use. It is shown that the publications number in Ukraine, especially in the case of social and economic sciences, is improved contrary to the decrease of funding and reducing the number of researchers. The growth of a publications number in Scopus can be explained mostly by the norms of the state power documents, as regard to scientific reports, and the award of scientific degrees and the assignment of academic titles. It is proved that at the macro level bibliometric indicators of publications have grounds not to reflect changes in human scientific potential and research funding, and in fact they are not equivalent to either cognitive achievements or economic results. Indicators representing the direct ratio of industrial and business expenditures to total R&D expenditures, as well as a modification in which industrial and business expenditures are attributed to the sum of all other expenditures, are proposed. We think these indicators to some extent could represent the orientation of the research and development system of the country to meet the needs of the economy and technological development, its innovative orientation. The originality of the approach is that we either limit ourselves to indicators that have economic meaning, or use their ratios, avoiding the comparison and combination of incommensurable entities. We believe that in evaluating the results of research and development, it is advisable to operate with the concepts of fragments of knowledge based on the ideas of classical epistemology and information as a means of mental and material cognitive communication. When creating new combinations of known economic indicators of research and development, we mean that their main result is the resulting fragments of new scientific knowledge, rather than secondary forms of publications, citations, financial expenditures, which may be non-equivalent to the main results.

ENSURING ECONOMIC SECURITY IN THE HOTEL BUSINESS WITH THE HELP OF INNOVATION

In a dynamically developing world space, the issues of economic security of enterprises are very relevant. Today, in the Ukrainian realities, service enterprises have to work in an uncertain and unstable market environment. The difficulties of the Ukrainian economy are manifested in a decrease in both production volumes and the quality characteristics of the products offered. Competitiveness is becoming a determining factor in ensuring the economic security of the economic system and its sustainable development. The transition to an innovative development model is not only a state task, but also a real, objectively existing need for any enterprise operating in a market economy. For an enterprise that wants not only to maintain its position in the market, but also to strengthen it, it is necessary to introduce innovative approaches in all areas of production and economic activity. One of the main threats in modern conditions of the functioning of economic entities of economic security of an enterprise is low innovation activity. This is due to the use of outdated technologies, imperfect methods and forms of organization of production and management, the lack of approved mechanisms of innovation, an ineffective scheme of interaction between scientific institutions and innovative structures, etc. financial, personnel, material and technical, informational, etc.). However, in order for these resources to be focused on the implementation of specific innovative technologies, it is necessary that the enterprise be able to effectively use these resources. This ability can be provided at the state level through organizational and managerial influence. Consequently, it is necessary to form an economic mechanism for increasing the innovative activity of enterprises in the real sector of the economy. Thus, today the innovative orientation of enterprises is a key instrument of their competitiveness and economic security. To increase the level of economic security of an enterprise, it is necessary to apply an innovative development strategy, which will allow to form and strengthen business relations, take advantageous market positions and increase the level of business activity of the enterprise. The company's innovative strategy should be aimed, first of all, at the production of competitive services (products), increasing production efficiency, carrying out correct sales activities, obtaining high profits and forming an insurance reserve, the presence of which is a mandatory factor in the company's economic security.

INVESTMENT AND INNOVATION STRATEGIES OF TRANSFORMATION OF FOREIGN ECONOMIC COMMERCIAL RELATIONS OF THE REGION IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALIZATION

The purpose of the article is to determine the innovative orientation of the development of foreign economic relations of the region, taking into account the peculiarities of global development. The article analyzes the level of innovative activity of enterprises and organizations of Russia, the subsidization of subjects of the Russian Federation. It was concluded that the innovative orientation of the development of foreign economic commercial relations of the region includes the orientation of all spheres and industries towards the comprehensive search for new ideas, the use of innovations, and the increase in the effectiveness of the regional economy to increase the degree of meeting the needs of society.

Poéticas do deslocamento: O Bildungsroman de autoria feminina contemporânea

The novel as a great socio-literary institution, which projects the ideals of bourgeois class, becomes the maximum expression of modernity from the 18th century on. The genre, characterized by its malleability and ambivalence, reflects an individualistic and innovative orientation. In this sense, the novels of characters originate subtypes, as the Bildungsroman, whose paradigmatic model would be Wilhelm Meister’s Apprenticeship (1795), by the German writer Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. Since the novel is a genre in constant becoming, the concept of Bildungsroman undergoes problematizations and revisions and, today, it is possible to consider a novel of formation which includes ethnic, racial and sexual minorities. Some important steps in male Bildungsroman, such as fulfillment in love from several experiences and the discovery of a professional vocation and a philosophy of life, are still problematic in female novels of formation along the 20th century, due to the small space dedicated to woman in society, making her formative experiences more subjective, and culminating, in most cases, in the failed end of characters who cannot escape the webs of social oppresion. In this book I try to show that there is a process of subjectification of the female characters, in which the formative experiences occur through spatial and identity displacements, characteristic of modern times. Thus in the novels of formation from the 21th century – such as Pérolas Absolutas (2003), by Heloísa Seixas, Algum Lugar (2009), by Paloma Vidal, and Azul-corvo (2010), by Adriana Lisboa, – amid globalization and the dismantling of great utopias and truths, they experience other conflicts and problems resulting from the fluidity of human relations in modern times.

EVALUATION OF THE FEASIBILITY OF IMPLEMENTING INNOVATIVE ENERGY EFFICIENT TECHNOLOGIES ON THE WAY OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE REGION

Innovative energy efficient technologies are the driving force behind the economic development of the region. The feasibility of introducing such technologies is determined by the degree of innovative development of this region. Today there are a large number of models that substantiate certain indicators used to calculate the integral indicator of an innovative energy-efficient focus. The dynamics of the development of an administrative unit depends on the ability to create favorable conditions for the dissemination and use of innovations, the intensification of scientific and innovative activities. The article also uses the concept of "innovative orientation" rather than "innovative development". The innovation orientation is considered as the degree of intensity and timeliness of the implementation of certain actions by economic entities aimed at innovative development. To calculate the indicator of innovative orientation, the method of integral assessment of innovative orientation is used, which makes it possible to: determine a large number of indicators; explore individual sectors of society; not to analyze generally accepted economic indicators that are not sectoral known in the research subjects, and to determine the energy-efficient focus at the expense of the selected indices of the focus of innovative potential. As part of the study, primary indicators are collected from 14 administrative units of the Kharkiv region. At the next stage of the study, indicators of innovative orientation are determined. In accordance with the principles of conducting research and identifying innovative potential, the indicators are formed in 5 groups. The ranking of integral indicators of innovative energy-efficient orientation is carried out, which makes it possible to reasonably and purposefully give recommendations on energy savings in the studied subjects in accordance with the rank of this index.

THEORETICAL AND METHODICAL PROBLEMS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE VALUATION OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS

The article summarizes theoretical and methodical problems related to the need to create a logical valuation theory and methodology of intellectual property, identification and valuation of intellectual property rights and its relation to accounting; the problem of methods of valuation of intellectual property rights within their subject characteris considered, as well as identification of the majority of intellectual resources that take part in production and contribute to the improvement of product quality, technological update, innovative orientation of economic processes; the need to strengthen the state policy of carrying out the valuation of intellectual property rights in relation to intangible assets within the objects of intellectual propertyrights (OIPRs) has been considered. The author analyzes the relationship to the value appraisal of OIPRs, which is most often done by using a narrow range of methods (approaches) within the generally recognized: income, cost and market (comparative) approaches, that affects the limitation of the selected methods of valuation, leads to a template use of valuation methodic without a variety of OIPRs that have specific features of their use. Also it is disclosed the meaningful meaning of the development of a single terminology and value classification, whichcan be carried out on the basis of synthesis of foreign experience in the field of valuation and value management, as well as the analysis of valuation standards.The problem became due to the OIPRs conducting of value appraisal of the advanced intellectual capital, that is complicated by the fact that by economic essence it does not belong to the traditional assets of the enterprise and has its own peculiarities. It is urgent to rethink existing standards on valuation and supplement them with new ones in the direction of minimizing fundamental contradictions between the traditional accounting methodology and the valuation of OIPRs, taking into account the peculiarities of the development of the information and intellectual economy. It is methodically detailed by the economic content the techniques used to determine the value of OIPRs, which are divided into three groups: approaches, methods and methodologies, from the point of view of economic content, conditions of application and valuation procedure, as well as requirements for the appraisal of the value of OIPRs in the privatization of state enterprises and organizations. The author considers the problems of organization of training of professional ppraisers in Ukraine taking into account the requirements of State Property Fund of Ukraine and their legal support.