The rigid kinetic energy (RKE) concept for deflective suspended mobile robot in energy workspace

In this paper, the research study on the rigid kinetic energy (RKE) concept for deflective suspended mobile robot in energy workspace is adopted. This method is applied to solve and address the rigid kinetic problem, to specify the significant of the deflective coefficient problem, to derive a mathematical formation of rigid kinetic energy, to determine the nature of energy environment and to develop an algorithm to drive the rigid mobile robot in the energy workspace. The experiment was conducted on Lenovo Laptop with Microsoft window 10 operating system and MOBOT software application.

SEARCH FOR KINETIC CONSTANTS IN MODELING THE PROCESSES OF POLYCENTERS NON-BREAK POLYMERIZATION OF DIENES

Приводится методика решения обратной кинетической задачи поиска констант скоростей полимеризационного процесса для кинетически неоднородных каталитических систем Циглера-Натта. Неоднородность катализаторов рассматривается как существование нескольких типов активных центров, параллельно друг другу ведущих процессы роста и обрыва полимерных цепей. Кинетическая схема процесса исключает материальный обрыв цепи, что влечет передачу активности с одного центра на другой. Наблюдаемое условие постоянства концентрации активных центров является уравнением материального баланса полимеризационной системы. Оно соблюдается в математической модели, описывающей процесс в виде автономной системы, содержащей бесконечное число обыкновенных дифференциальных уравнений первого порядка по мономеру, преобразованной методом моментов к конечному виду. Отмечено, что статистические моменты, присутствующие в системе дифференциальных уравнений, являются начальными моментами молекулярно-массового распределения. На их основе даны аналитические зависимости для искомых средних молекулярных масс образующихся полимеров на каждом типе активных центров и всего полимерного образца. Расчетный эксперимент проведен для процесса полимеризации изопрена на 4-центровой ванадийсодержащей каталитической системе с целью получения решения обратной кинетической задачи. Найден совокупный набор констант скоростей элементарных стадий процесса. Показаны графические иллюстрации сравнений расчетов и экспериментов по значениям средних молекулярных масс по каждому типу активных центров и всего полимера в целом We present a technique for solving the inverse kinetic problem of finding the rate constants of the polymerization process for kinetically inhomogeneous catalytic systems of the Ziegler-Natta. We consider inhomogeneity of catalysts as the existence of several types of active centers, parallel to each other leading processes of growth and termination of polymer chains. The kinetic scheme of the process excludes material breaking of the chain, which entails the transfer of activity from one center to another. The observed condition for the constancy of the concentration of active centers is the material balance equation for the polymerization system. It is observed in a mathematical model that describes the process in the form of an autonomous system containing an infinite number of ordinary differential equations of the first order in monomer, transformed by the method of moments to a finite form. We note that the statistical moments present in the system of differential equations are the initial moments of the molecular weight distribution. On their basis, we give analytical dependences for the desired average molecular weights of the resulting polymers on each type of active centers and the entire polymer sample. We carried out a computational experiment for the process of isoprene polymerization on a 4-center vanadium-containing catalytic system in order to obtain a solution to the inverse kinetic problem. We found a cumulative set of rate constants for elementary stages of the process. We show graphical illustrations of comparisons of calculations and experiments on the values of the average molecular weights for each type of active site and the entire polymer as a whole

Experimental Determination of Polymers and Polymer-Based Composite Materials Diffusion Properties

The widespread use of polymer composite materials makes it necessary to study their physical properties. Particular attention is given to polymers reacted with water and other low molecular weight compounds in their preparation as well as during operation. Most studies have been devoted in the diffusion properties of materials in the form of films, while operating materials often have a different shape, for example pellets. Well at small sizes of granules is impossible to use stationary methods. In this paper, the diffusion coefficient is determined by the zonal method based on the integration of the diffusion equation. A significant increase in the effective diffusion coefficient with an increase in the diffusant concentration associated with the plasticizing action of water was detected. Temperature-humidity dependence of diffusion effective coefficient is approximated by the refined formula which helps to calculate mass transfer process kinetics and carry out theoretical analysis of water diffuse properties in polymer matrix. With the movement of individual particles of polymer materials in real dryers, it is expedient to break the kinetic problem of mass transfer into external and internal one. The validity of the two-level consideration of the kinetic problem of granular polymer materials deep drying and the applicability of the data obtained for their diffusion properties are shown. The microkinetics of a single particle drying is considered, it is the determining condition for the accuracy of the kinetic calculation.

Optimization of chemical reactions by economic criteria based on kinetics of the process

The paper deals with the formulation and solution of the inverse kinetic problem, methods of chemical reactions optimization by economic criteria on the basis of a process kinetic model. Yield of a target product, productivity, profit and productivity are considered as indicators.

Kinetic and related macroscopic models for chemotaxis on networks

In this paper we consider kinetic and associated macroscopic models for chemotaxis on a network. Coupling conditions at the nodes of the network for the kinetic problem are presented and used to derive coupling conditions for the macroscopic approximations. The results of the different models are compared and relations to a Keller–Segel model on networks are discussed. For a numerical approximation of the governing equations asymptotic preserving relaxation schemes are extended to directed graphs. Kinetic and macroscopic equations are investigated numerically and their solutions are compared for tripod and more general networks.

Features of Difference Scheme for the Diffusion-Kinetic Problem of Ion Implantation with Intermetallic Phases Formation

The implicit difference scheme has been suggested for the solution of diffusion-kinetic problem describing the ion implantation by intermetallic phase formation. The model corresponds to irreversible conditions and includes finite relaxation times for mass fluxes. The linear difference equations are solved by double-sweep method. The result illustrates the convergence of difference scheme at variation of its parameters. Qualitative picture of phase evolution in the surface layer is obtained different for problem with finite relaxation times and for zero relaxation times.

Investigating the Effect of Gripping on Upper Limbs Muscles by Modeling and Electromyography Test

These days most of the workers use hand controller tools. Because of this it is useful to know the relations between hand and these kinds of tools. One of these relations is cylindrical power grip. For this reason first of all a device is prepared for measuring the torque value. After that by creating a model in ANYBODY software for gripping motion for forces and muscular activities have been calculated. In this case for solving the inverse kinetic problem several cost functions are defined and the results are compared. On the other hand, by using Electromyography tests in gripping motion the activity of 3 surface muscles are investigated and finally the modeling and Electromyography’s results are compared.