TERRITORIALITY IN TOURISM KAMPUNG ALLEY AS A SHARED PUBLIC SPACE

Kampung alley is a street network that perceived as a social space due to its function for community. One problematic thing that occur in tourism kampung alley is a significant change from activities taken place in the alley that have commercial-tourism functions and open for public. This change leads to the requirement of kampung alley to have high accessibility and openness to outsider. In this term, it will change the territoriality pattern as well as its meaning for residents. Territoriality is one kind of environmental behavior study about spatial usage of built environment. Territoriality has strong engagement with cultural and social context. This paper analyze that there are some changes and ambiguity of territoriality in the context of tourism kampung. Some personal and private activities have occur in the alley that are considered as a public space. This additional personal space is due to the lack of housing unit space. Strong bind of neighborhood connection is also taking a role so the residents can freely use alley for their personal need.Abstrak: Gang kampung merupakan jaringan jalan yang dipersepsikan sebagai ruang sosial oleh masyarakat yang tinggal di dalamnya. Salah satu permasalahan yang terjadi pada gang kampung wisata adalah adanya perubahan aktifitas yang signifikan dan memiliki fungsi komersial sebagai area pariwisata yang terbuka untuk umum. Perubahan ini menyebabkan gang kampung harus memiliki keterbukaan dan aksesibilitas tinggi terhadap pihak luar. Hal ini akan mengubah pola teritorialitas serta makna gang kampung bagi warganya. Teritori adalah salah satu jenis kajian perilaku lingkungan tentang pemanfaatan ruang lingkungan binaan. Teritori memiliki keterikatan yang kuat dengan konteks budaya dan sosial. Makalah ini menganalisis terdapat beberapa perubahan dan ambiguitas teritori dalam konteks kampung pariwisata. Beberapa aktivitas pribadi dan privat dapat terjadi di gang yang dianggap sebagai ruang publik. Tambahan personal space ini disebabkan keterbatasan ruang rumah kampung. Ikatan yang kuat antar tetangga juga turut berperan agar warga bisa leluasa menggunakan gang untuk kebutuhan pribadinya.

Spatial Usage and Circadian Rhythm for Older Adults in the Community in Taiwan

Objective measure of lifestyle of the older adults living in the community is void in the literature. To obtain both objective and subjective measurements to ascertain mobile and day and night lifestyle of older adults living in the community, and to build lifestyle model of older adults in the community by sociodemographic character. This study is a cross-sectional research. 200 over-50-year older adults who own smartphone and live in southern Taiwan were interviewed. Wrist accelerometers to detect behavioral circadian rhythm, GPS app in smartphone to survey mobility, and questionnaire to assess psychological and social status. Preliminary finding of six participants (2 men and 4 women) was analyzed. Data show that participants about 60 years old have large discrepancies in comparison with participants in their 50s: lower sleep efficiency (73 vs 83), earlier Most active 10 hour midpoint (11.48vs 14.13 hour), higher interdaily variability (0.84 vs 0.75), wake after sleep onset (100.39vs 47.78 minutes), and higher exercise frequency (4.33 vs 1.66 times per week). In addition, men have more chronic disease, bigger waistline (103.5 vs 77.5 cm), higher BMI (30 vs 22.5), lower middle to vigorous physical activity time (39 vs 79 minutes), and more total sleep time (356 vs 317 minutes). Age and sex seem to be significant factors determining lifestyle of older adults. Other sociodemographic parameters will be further analyzed.

Single-layer multi-periods? A Case Study of the Enclosure Site of Khirbet el Mastarah, Jordan Valley

<p>Dating of desert enclosure sites is challenging, as they have minimal diagnostic elements. Moreover, these sites are composed primarily of a single layer, which raises the question of whether they are of single or multi-period settlements. </p><p>The current research aims to answer this question by assessing a group of enclosures in the Jordan Valley. The sites were previously surveyed and dated to the early Iron Age (ca. 1200–1000 BCE), and linked to tribes of Israelite settlement in the region. We present new excavations and OSL ages from Khirbet el Mastarah that indicate several periods of usage, and the possible construction and occupation of the enclosures during the following periods: </p><p>Iron Age II (2570±220 yr), Late Hellenistic or Early Roman periods (2090±150 yr and 2120±160 yr), Late Byzantine (1410±200 yr, 1370±150 yr), Early Islamic and Islamic/Abassid periods (1000±90 yr and  1080±110 yr). Another indication that emerges from the results is that different enclosures were used at various locations during various periods, and are still used by local herders. Therefore, the site has horizontal chronology rather than vertical stratigraphy, and is characterized by a single-layer with multi periods of spatial usage.</p>

Behavioural diversity of bonobo prey preference as a potential cultural trait

The importance of cultural processes to behavioural diversity in our closest living relatives is central to revealing the evolutionary origins of human culture. However, the bonobo is often overlooked as a candidate model. Further, a prominent critique to many examples of proposed animal cultures is premature exclusion of environmental confounds known to shape behavioural phenotypes. We addressed these gaps by investigating variation in prey preference between neighbouring bonobo groups that associate and overlap space use. We find group preference for duiker or anomalure hunting otherwise unexplained by variation in spatial usage, seasonality, or hunting party size, composition, and cohesion. Our findings demonstrate that group-specific behaviours emerge independently of the local ecology, indicating that hunting techniques in bonobos may be culturally transmitted. The tolerant intergroup relations of bonobos offer an ideal context to explore drivers of behavioural phenotypes, the essential investigations for phylogenetic constructs of the evolutionary origins of culture.

Ability to Predict Side-Out Performance by the Setter’s Action Range with First Tempo Availability in Top European Male and Female Teams

The aims of this study were to compare the Setter’s action range with availability of first tempo (SARA) between male and female volleyball; and to determine the relationship between several spatial and offensive variables and their influence in the success of the side-out in male and female volleyball. A total of 1302 side-outs (639 male, 663 female) were registered (2019 European Championship). The ranking, reception efficacy, position and trajectory of the setter between reception and set, first tempo availability, side-out result, rotation, and attack lane were analyzed through Recursive Partitioning for classification, regression and survival tree models and classification and regression trees algorithms. Our results present female teams with more reduced SARAs than male teams, meaning female setters tend to play closer to the net. The correlation between the ranking and the distance from the average position of the setter to the ideal setting zone was not significant. A movement of the setter of 30° or less and more than 1 m in distance might improve the performance of the side-out. Depending on the spatial usage of the setter, some rotations might be more successful than others. When assessing performance, the teams should consider the ability to play quick attacks when their reception is not as precise as they would expect.

Behavioural diversity of bonobo prey preference as a potential cultural trait

The importance of cultural processes to behavioural diversity, especially in our closest living relatives, is central for revealing the evolutionary origins of human culture. Whereas potential cultural traits are extensively investigated in chimpanzees, our other closest living relative, the bonobo, is often overlooked as a candidate model. Further, a prominent critique to many examples of proposed animal cultures is premature exclusions of environmental confounds known to shape behavioural phenotypes. We addressed these gaps by investigating variation in prey preference expression between neighbouring bonobo groups that associate and share largely overlapping home ranges. We find specific group preference for duiker or anomalure hunting that are otherwise unexplained by variation in spatial usage of hunt locations, seasonality or sizes of hunting parties. Our findings demonstrate that group-specific behaviours emerge independently of the local ecology, indicating that hunting techniques in bonobos may be culturally transmitted. We suggest that the tolerant intergroup relations of bonobos offer an ideal context to explore drivers of behavioural phenotypes, the essential investigations for phylogenetic constructs of the evolutionary origins of culture.

Analisis Keselarasan Pemanfaatan Ruang dengan Rencana Pola Ruang dan Pengendaliannya di Kota Jakarta Timur

The rapid development in East Jakarta City has led to increased land requirements and causes unalignment of land use. Research objective are to analyze the alignment of spatial usage with the spatial plan and its control in East Jakarta City. The research methods used are spatial analysis based on image interpretation and Geographic Information System, descriptive statistic for seeking influence factors, description analysis for spatial control usage and its guidance. Results analysis for 6 (six) existing land use showed that alignment of existing land use has area of 12.430,5 ha or 76.5 % and unalignment of existing land use has area 3.812,7 ha or 23.5%. Factors that influence unalignment of existing land use, namely economic needs, housing needs, distance from the economic center, distance from the road, lack of socialization to the community, population density and the presence of public facilities. Analysis of the implementation of spatial usage control shows that the East Jakarta City Government has implemented 4 spatial usage control instruments namely the Spatial Detail Plan along with its Zoning Regulations, licensing, providing incentives and disincentives and sanctions but the implementation is still considered not maximally. Directives for improving spatial usage are carried out by maximizing and improving the implementation of four instruments for controlling spatial usage.