Characterization of Dogs and Cats Diagnosed With Diseases of the Urinary System in 2019: Veterinary Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of San Carlos De Guatemala

If determined the casuistry of diseases that affect the urinary system in dogs and cats. A retrospective study was carried out at the Veterinary Hospital of the University of San Carlos de Guatemala. It was characterizing patients with diseases of the urinary system. 1,205canine and feline medical records were evaluated in 2019. The variables breed, sex, age, pathology and geographic area were considered. The prevalence of urinary system diseases in dogs and cats in 2019 was 10.45%, 9.21% corresponding to dogs and 1.24% tocats. In both species, males had a higher frequency of urinary system disease, compared to females (dog = 58.56% and cat = 66.67%). The most common etiologies in dogs were lower urinary tract infections (24.65%), bladder urolithiasis (16.90%), and acute and chronic kidney disease (28.16%); while in cats lower urinary tract disease (100%) and kidney disease (5.26%) were the main pathologies observed. In dogs, the most affected age range was in patients older than 8 years (52.25%), while in cats it ranged from 3 to 8 years (73.34%).

Cebuano Poetics: Deciphering the Advice of Maria Kabigon’s Column in Bisaya

Maria Alcordo Kabigon’s column “Ang Panid ni Manding Karya” in Bisaya from the late 1940s to the 1950s is considered as one of the momentous contributions of the Philippines’ oldest Cebuano language magazine. Kabigon used the pen name Manding Karya to advise letter senders, and the letter and advice were published after the war in Bisaya. On average, she received 20 letters per day for her column, with most letter senders being men. This article aims to expand the scope of Kabigon’s creative abilities by demonstrating her metaphorical language in her advice column, providing a variety of approaches to experience her poetic genius, and allowing her to connect more with her readers, particularly those from Visayas and Mindanao. By examining Kabigon’s writing style, it can answer how she epitomizes the popularity of her column as she is recognized as a professional adviser as well as a writer in Cebuano literature. The article investigates Kabigon’s pasumbingay or Cebuano poetics. Also, the advice of Kabigon was examined to convey its integration into Edith Tiempo’s restoration context: preserving the individual’s integrity, confirming ultimate values, defining significant purpose, and developing a reasonable worldview. This article used a qualitative research method that included descriptive research that conveyed a content analysis. The main source of the study, Kabigon’s “Panid ni Manding Karya,” can be found at the University of San Carlos, specifically at the Cebuano Studies Center. Kabigon makes use of nature to improve the poetic quality of her advice. When responding to a letter, she employs metaphors and symbolism to provide a brief but profound response. However, due to the limited space in her advice column, her responses are short. Despite the magazine’s limited space, her use of figurative language and symbolism suggests her solution to continue providing effective advice. As a result, her writing style promotes critical thinking as well as imagination.

Aproximación Diagnóstica De Las Enfermedades Sistémicas De Los Pacientes Con Signos Y Lesiones Oculares Atendidos En La Consulta Externa Del Hospital Veterinario De Animales De Compañía De La Universidad De San Carlos De Guatemala

The goal of this article is to show the most frequent types of differential diagnoses of systemic diseases in canines with ocular signs and lesions. For this purpose, a retrospective study was conducted on 510 medical records from patients of the Companion Animal Veterinary Hospital (HVAC) of the University of San Carlos (USAC) of Guatemala, from August to November 2017. The inclusion criteria were: canine species, having a differential diagnosis established list of possible systemic diseases and an eye examination by specialist. Through a descriptive analysis of the data, it was established that, of the 510 canines examined, 212 (42%) presented signs and ocular alterations, of these there were 550 differential diagnosis, which were categorized using the acronym DAMNIT V; from which it was determined that 40% are infectious / inflammatory, neoplasic (19%) followed by metabolic processes (13%), allergic / autoimmune (10%), degenerative (7%), idiopathic (5%), traumatic / toxic 4% and finally vascular (2%).

Transition to virtual education at University of San Carlos of Guatemala 2020

The transition from traditional teaching to virtual teaching in public institutions of higher education (PIHE) is a process that began with the first computers in the 20th century, which has been accelerated by the Covid 19 pandemic, forcing the PIHE to adopt new virtual learning environments for which the traditional educational model was not designed at the University of San Carlos de Guatemala (USAC). The global characteristics of the Covid 19 pandemic have affected USAC, who had to adapt various methodologies with the support of ICT to continue the educational process. The implementation and use of these technologies evidenced a digital divide both in cognitive processes and in the use and access of digital tools. The study addressed the trends of use and access to technology in three case studies at the campus of USAC in Guatemala City: Architecture, Humanities and Economic Sciences, with a sample of 2,128 students, who responded through a Google form survey instrument, interviews and a forum, from February to may 2020. The results are that different socioeconomic levels affect the access and use of technology for the educational process, which is why it is necessary for PIHE to adopt policies and strategies that guarantee education.

Antibiotic-Resistant Salmonella, isolated from cloacal swab samples from turtles in Guatemala

Salmonellosis is a relevant public health threat worldwide. Reptiles are commonly involved in cases in humans. A microbiological survey was conducted from August to October 2018 to isolate Salmonella bacteria and look for antibiotic-resistant isolates in pet turtles of five species (Kinosternon sp., Rhinoclemmys sp., Staurotypus sp., Trachemys scripta y T. venusta) in Guatemala City and San Lucas Sacatepéquez. Cloacal swabs were taken from 63 turtle individuals and cultivated in the Microbiology Laboratory at the Veterinary Medicine Faculty, University of San Carlos of Guatemala. Three samples were positive to the presence of Salmonella sp. One of these isolates (from Trachemys scripta) was resistant to Gentamicin, Penicillin and Amikacin, other isolate (from T. scripta) was partially resistant to Amoxicilin+Clavulanic Acid and Penicillin and other (from T. venusta) to Penicillin. These findings highlight the need for better biosecurity practices and show the capacity of bacteria to develop survival strategies that involve resistance to harmful substances like antibiotics. Key words: Salmonellosis, public health, epidemiology, zoonoses, multiresistant gram negative bacteria.

Desafíos de la inclusión de estudiantes con discapacidad en la Universidad de San Carlos de GuatemalaChallenges in the inclusion of students with disabilities at the University of San Carlos of Guatemala

La Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala (Usac), como única universidad estatal, está obligada a desarrollar procesos que permitan la inclusión de grupos vulnerados en la educación superior. Es necesario monitorear constantemente dichos procesos; por lo que se desarrolló la investigación denominada “Inclusión educativa de estudiantes con discapacidad en la Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala: seguimiento y estudio de casos bajo la perspectiva interseccional”, durante el año 2017, con el aval del Instituto Universitario de la Mujer y el financiamiento de la Dirección General de Investigación de la Usac. El tipo de investigación fue no experimental, con un enfoque mixto de investigación, reflejado en las tendencias porcentuales de caracterización y en la valoración cualitativa de las experiencias de los estudiantes. Se utilizó el método interseccional para incorporar factores asociados a la exclusión social, como condición de discapacidad, sexo, pertenencia étnica, edad, grupo socioeconómico y orientación sexual. La muestra no probabilística, fue integrada por estudiantes con y sin discapacidad, así como por personal docente y administrativo. Los resultados evidencian la falta de un registro fidedigno de personas con discapacidad; sin embargo, los participantes brindaron información que cualitativamente puede considerarse útil para implementar acciones que permitan mejorar la inclusión por perspectiva de discapacidad con enfoque de derechos humanos. Así mismo, se busca compartir las experiencias de la comunidad universitaria de la Usac en relación con la accesibilidad en el ámbito universitario.

Fear in University Policy of the United States and the Soviet Union in Guatemala and Cuba

Introduction. The United States’ and Soviet Union’s respective Americanization and Sovietization of other countries’ universities during the Cold War were motivated by political fear. Methods. While realism often accentuates political fear as a driver of hard-lined policy, this paper embraces cooperative policy of states changing their initial political goals in order to appease target states. The comparative analysis and system approach are applied in the research. Analysis. Cases from Guatemala and Cuba make it evident that Washington and Moscow had to restrain and revise their projects at universities in order to maintain friendly political relations with the elite of their target governments. This paper explores the US policy at the University of San Carlos in Guatemala and the Soviet policy at the University of Havana in Cuba during the Cold War. The academic community’s resistance to and sabotage of the transformations of the universities’ national traditions and the fear that their strategic partners could interrupt the cooperation forced Washington and Moscow to curtail their Americanization and Sovietization. Local academics were able to abandon the superpowers’ projects and reforms. The University of San Carlos rejected the establishment of social extension projects and the revisions of various courses suggested by American experts, and the University of Havana rejected the introduction of ideology-oriented disciplines of the Soviet model. Results. Political fear and the policy of appeasement led to neither the United States nor the USSR being able to achieve the Americanization or Sovietization of the target universities.

Outside the classroom: the participatory design workshop on Healthy City, Mixco, Guatemala.

The paper describes an innovative teaching experience held at the Faculty of Architecture the University of San Carlos of Guatemala as part of the Professional Practice Program (EPS). 20 students and 9 professors, coordinated by 4 professors, carried out a workshop on the theme of Healthy City (HC) in the Municipality of Mixco, with the support of the same. Through active learning, a ‘deprivatization’ of the teaching activity and a participatory confrontation activity through interviews and questionnaires with citizens and stakeholders, the students and professors worked in 4 groups for seven days creating a community of practice. The results took the form of project proposals aimed at urban regeneration, in accordance with the principles of the HC, presented to the local community and to the Municipality of Mixco. The experience can be repeated in its methodology and has been positively evaluated by all the participants in terms of: acquisition of competences for dialogue with citizens and stakeholders for the identification of needs, increase in design skills and group work, as well as real service in the territory. The future urban planners and architects have also played a new role as mediators of participatory processes and facilitators.