Relationship of Electrical Properties and Partical Size of Piezoelectric Ceramics Fabricated by Digital Light Processing 3D Printing

To improve electrical properties of BaTiO3 piezoelectric ceramics fabricated by 3D printing, effects of particle sizes was investigated on rheological and curing properties of ceramic slurries, electrical properties of BaTiO3 fabricated by Digital Light Processing 3D printing method. It was found that the curing ability of ceramic slurries decreased first and then increased with the increase of particle size from 136 nm to 1486 nm, while the viscosity of the slurries kept decreasing. When the particle size in a range of submicron, the grain size of sintered ceramics decreased from 13.27 μm to 6.84 μm as particle size increasing. Immediately, the relative density, piezoelectric constant, relative permittivity and remanent polarization of sintered ceramics were measured and it turns out to reach 95.32%, 161.4 pC/N, 1512 and 7.59 uC/cm2 respectively while using the BaTiO3 powder with particle sizes of 993 nm. Finally, a cellular structural BaTiO3 ceramics was fabricated by using optimized powder and process parameters and packaged as a piezoelectric sensor, showing a good function of force-electricity conversion. These results demonstrated the feasibility of fabricating high-quality functional ceramics with designed geometry by Digital Light Processing.

Experimental Study of Compressed Soil Bricks with Partial Replacement of Soil by Bagasse Ash, Marble Powder and Rice Straw

The problem of pollution is increasing daily due to excessive production and improper disposal of the waste. some waste like ashes and stone powder can be easily utilize in the concrete or with any other construction material like paver block or bricks. To utilize material like marble powder bagasse ash and rice straw effectively the experimental study of Earth compressed bricks is conducted. This paper deals about the mechanical properties of earth compressed bricks which are made up of soil and the add-ons are marble powder, bagasse ash and rice straw fiber with different ratios of combination. This ratios are for marble powder 20%, 30% and 40%. for bagasse ash it is 7% 10% and 13% and for rice straw it is .5%, .75% and 1%. The compression property of bricks is increased when the marble powder is increased with less water absorption in soil because waste marble powder does not absorbs water and due to its fine partical size it fills the voids in the bricks and creates good packing of the bricks. Water is absorbed by Rice Straw and bagasse ash which results in increase of the water absorption capacity of earth compressed bricks.

Validated Stability Indicating Method for Determination of Indapamide in Pharmaceutical Formulation

A stability indicating method for Indapamide in an oral antihypertensive tablet and bulk dosage forms was developed and validated by reverse phase HPLC (RP-HPLC). The proposed RP-HPLC Shisheido Capcell Pak C18 column was used and column dimension was 250mm × 4.6mm i.d., 5μm partical size at ambient temperature. The mobile phase Methanol and Phosphate Buffer pH 5.8 (60:40) was run in isocratic mode at a flow rate of 1.0ml/minute. The wavelength of Indapamide was selected at 241nm. Indapamide was found as single peak in the chromatogram at 6.58 min. The different chromatographic conditions were applied to determine the drug in pharmaceutical dosage form. The linearity of the proposed method was found in a range of 0.2-1.2μg/ml with coefficient of correlation (r2) value 0.999, slope 8360 and intercept -77.78. The percent RSD of intraday precision and interday precision were found in range of 0.498 - 1.661 and 0.882 - 1.623 respectively. The average accuracy of the method at three different levels of 50, 100 and 150 % were found to be 100.67, 99.50 and 100.65, respectively. The LOQ and LOD expressed as signal to noise ratio (S/N) were found to be 0.03 and 0.08μg/mL with good accuracy and precision. Indapamide was exposed to different stress conditions like alkaline, acidic, thermal, oxidative and photolytic. The stressed samples were analyzed by the proposed method. The proposed methods can be used for routine analysis stability testing and assay of Indapamide in quality control laboratories.

Purifying crude petroleum by using porous ceramic balls

Background: Background: In this study ceramic crude petroleum filter was prepared from Iraqi White Kaolin with ratio (70%) and Alumina (Al2O3) with ratio (30%), with natural additives Palm Frond with ratios (5,10,15,25,35 and 45)% in different partical size to produce pores, formed by dry pressing then fairing at 1100(˚C). The filters are harmless and environmentally friendly materials. Some assessments were carried out, such as (apparent porosity ratio, water absorption ratio, and apparent density). From the test results obtained the apparent porosity was 60.7% , water absorption was 89.3% and an apparent density of 0.68% with a 45% ratio of fine (P.F). Methods: Size and distribution of pores were characterized by using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The crude petroleum treated with filters evaluated by tests such as (API Gravity, Sulfur Content, Asphaltenes Content, and Metallic Content). Results: The result of API Gravity before immersion crude petroleum filter balls was 24.70 and after immersion crude petroleum filter balls for 7 days for 30 % (P.F) increase to 31.0 and reach to 32.5 after immersion for 14 days. Sulfur Content before immersion crude petroleum filter balls was 3.76 and after immersion crude petroleum filter balls for 7 days for 30 % (P.F) decrease down to 3.1 and reach to 2.6 after immersion for 14 days. Conclusion: So Asphaltenes content before immersion crude petroleum filter balls was 6.68 and after immersion crude petroleum filter balls for 7 days 30 % (P.F) decreased down to 2 and reach to 1.6 after immersion for 14 days, metallic contact such as Vanadium and Nickel before immersion crude petroleum filter balls respectively was 86 ppm, 32 ppm while after immersion crude petroleum filter balls for 7 days they become 53.26 ppm and 15.35 ppm and for 14 days they reached to 47.52 ppm and 11.43 ppm respectively.

Comparative Pharmaceutico-Analytical Study of Mustakadi Pramathya and Mustakadi Kwatha.

Introduction: A range of smaller preparation is explained in classics other than five basic Kashaya Kalpanas. They are categorized considering the similarities in their method of preparation under ‘Panchavidha Kashaya Kalpana.’ ‘Kwathan’ is similar in Kwatha Kalpana and for preparation of Pramathya, which is Upakalpana of Kwatha. Mustakadi Kwatha is not mentioned in classics but Mustakadi Pramathya is mentioned in classics which is used in Raktatisara. Objective: Comparative Pharmaceutico-Analytical Study of Mustakadi Pramathya and Mustakadi Kwatha. Materials and Methods: Mustaka and Indrayava are taken from GMP approved Pharmacy for both preparation i.e. Pramathya and Kwatha. Only difference is, Pramathya is prepared by using Kalka of drugs and Kwatha is preparation by Yavakuta Churna of drugs. Water was added in same quantity. Method of preparation followed was same for both i.e. Kwathana. Discussion: Kalka is Guru than Yavakuta Churna as water is added for Kalka preparation and also partical size of drugs is also reduced in Kalka Kalpana. pH, specific gravity, viscocity, total solids of Mustakadi Pramathya is more than that of Mustakadi Kwatha. Mustakadi Pramathya should be used in Madhyama Doshavastha, it is Guru in nature than Kwatha Kalpana.

Research on Large Partical Size and Porous Rubber Modified Asphalt Mixture Repairing Techniques Used in “White and Black” Pavement

The paper Introduces the structure composition and performance characteristics of the large partical size and porous rubber modified asphalt mixture, analyses the road performance of mixtures, on the basis of the characteristics of higher proportion of coarse aggregate and poriness, puts forward the practical and feasible construction scheme. It will be a beneficial exploration for the development and application of the large partical size and porous rubber modified asphalt mixture in the "white and black" pavement structure.

Study on Extraction of Mesophase from Steel Slag by Potassium Hydroxide-Sucrose (KOSH) Solution Method

The mesophase (iron aluminate, etc.) in steel slag was extracted by potassium hydroxide-sucrose (KOSH) solution method. The effects of partical size of steel slag, temperature and time of extraction on dissolution of mesophase phase were studied. The composition and morphology of the residue were analyzed by XRD and SEM. The results show the mesophase in steel slag powders (the weight was and the fineness was) could be fully dissolved when 4.00 g sample with a fineness about 600m2/kg is used and extraction temperature is kept at 90oC, however, other minerals in the steel slag could be hardly dissolved. The reason might be for that, in alkaline environment which provided by potassium hydroxide, the replacement of ions were took place between the mesophase in steel slag and the organic ligands formed by sugar and potassium hydroxide, and through the adsorption and polarization between ligand and steel slag surface, it will result in the decrease of activation energy of iron aluminate.

Morphology and Crystallization Behavior of Toughened Poly(Trimethylene Terephthalate) Blends with Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene

Poly (trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT)/acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) blends have been prepared in composition with various ratios using the twin screw extruder approach. Their morphologies and crystallization behavior were investigated. Typical sea-island morphologies were observed by scanning electron microscopy. The partical size of ABS increased as the content of ABS increasing. Differential scanning colorimetry (DSC) experiments showed that the melting point of pure PTT and their blends was almost constant. The presence of the ABS increased the crystallinity of the matrix in PTT/ABS blends with ABS content less than 30wt%.

Preparation and Growth Characteristics of Mesocarbon Microbeads

Mesocarbon microbeads (MCMBs) have been synthesized from coal tar pitch. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and laser particle size analyzer were used to evaluate the structure and partical size. The effect of process parameters on the growth and morphologies of MCMBs was investigated. The results show that the optimum temperature range is 410-430 °C and the growth time has a suitable range. The diameter and yield of MCMBs will increase and the spherical degree does not change with the extension of time.