Alone, Together

This chapter provides insight into the contemporary problems plaguing the international community, including climate change and terrorism, and examines how international cooperation has worked to combat issues in the past. The chapter will highlight the criticality of cooperative institutions and organizations within the international community and how those organizations may stand up to the rising tide of nationalism around the world.

Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on Mses and Cooperatives and Strategic Recovery in New Normal Era

The purpose of this study is to examine the economic impact of Covid-19 on the performance of micro, and small enterprises (MSEs) and cooperative institutions; how the strategies and formulate a recovery strategy in the new normal era. The main data used are primary data collected through interviews to MSE and microfinance institutions. The analytical method used is descriptive statistics and econometric models. The before and after analysis shows the significantly different costs and benefits of MSEs before and after the pandemic. The analysis shows that in the pandemic Covid-19 period, all MSEs decreased performance, most experienced a decrease in business turnover (6 percent) and similarly with cooperative institutions, their turnover decreased to 55%. The strategy of the cooperatives to maintaining its performance is to provide relaxation, improve efficiency by reducing employees, and ask for a reduction in profit-sharing payments to creditors; while the MSE strategy if the cooperatives does not provide loans for a while is 60 percent of MSEs seeking loans from relatives, 25 percent borrowing from other microfinance despite high-interest rates and 15 percent selling their household assets.

Social Capital Deviation in Capital Assistance System: Socio-Economic Studies of Coastal Communities

Revealing the practice of the capital assistance system in coastal communities that are indicated to have deviated from the principles of social capital, and building an integrated model as a solution for improving fishermen’s low performance are the main objectives of this study. For this purpose, fishermen communities were chosen as the research sample. The research locations were focused on two provinces in Indonesia (Bengkulu and East Java provinces). Data were collected through observation, interview, and documentation methods. Discriminant and SEM/SmartPLS analysis methods were used to analyze quantitative data, while the descriptive analysis method was used to analyze qualitative data. The results show that the implementation of the capital assistance system by well-off fishermen (as capital providers) was proven to deviate from the principles of social capital because it was detrimental to small-scale/traditional fishermen. Six factors cause deviations in the capital assistance system: (a) the lack of “altruism cooperation” between well-off fisherman and small-scale/traditional fishermen; (b) mutual trust is not developed; (c) the powerlessness of the fishing community, which desperately needs funds for working capital; (d) government control is not effective; (e) the role of cooperative institutions (fisheries) as providers of funds/loan capital is still weak; and (f) an empowerment integrated model is considered capable of providing a comprehensive solution.

Emerging evolution trends of application of natural products in Alzheimer’s disease

The main objective of this review was to explore the research foci and emerging trends of application of natural products in AD from 1990 to 2019 and evaluated publications qualitatively and quantitatively. CiteSpace V. 4.0 was used to identify top authors, journals, institutions, countries, keywords, co-cited articles, and trends and obtain the visual knowledge maps. Results revealed that the USA, People’s Republic of China and India were the major research countries in this field, while the Western Europe and North America were the areas with frequent international cooperation. Moreover, there was a close collaboration between universities and research institutes. The J Alzheimers Dis was the most productive journal. Alzheimers disease, natural product, brain, central nervous system, disease, and oxidative stress are some of the high centrality and high frequency keywords in the co-occurrence analysis; Indicating Alzheimers disease and its pathogenesis and natural product remain the hotspots in the field. This paper provides an insight into the application of natural products in AD, and provides useful information for AD researchers to find potential collaborators and cooperative institutions.

Global Research on Neuropathic Pain Rehabilitation over the Last 20 Years

Background. Neuropathic pain has long been a very popular and productive field of clinical research. Neuropathic pain is difficult to cure radically because of its complicated etiology and uncertain pathogenesis. As pain worsens and persists, pain recovery techniques become more important, and medication alone is insufficient. No summary of bibliometric studies on neuropathic pain rehabilitation is yet available. The purpose of the present study is to analyze in a systematic manner the trends of neuropathic pain rehabilitation research over the period of 2000–2019. Methods. Studies related to neuropathic pain rehabilitation and published between January 2000 and December 2019 were obtained from the Science Citation Index-Expanded of Web of Science. No restrictions on language, literature type, or species were established. CiteSpace V and Microsoft Excel were used to capture basic information and highlights in the field. Results. Linear regression analysis showed that the number of publications on neuropathic pain rehabilitation significantly increased over time ( P < 0.001 ). The United States showed absolute strength in terms of number of papers published, influence, and cooperation with other countries. Based on the subject categories of the Web of Science, “Rehabilitation” had the highest number of published papers (446), the highest number of citations (10,954), and the highest number of open-access papers (151); moreover, this category and “Clinical Neurology” had the same H -index (i.e., 52). “Randomized Controlled Trials” revealed the largest cluster in the cocitation map of references. The latest burst keywords included “Exercise” (2014–2019), “Functional Recovery” (2015–2019), and “Questionnaire” (2015–2019). Conclusion. This study provides valuable information for neuropathic pain rehabilitation researchers seeking fresh viewpoints related to collaborators, cooperative institutions, and popular topics in this field. Some new research trends are also highlighted.

The Legacy of Cooperatives among the African Diaspora

According to the International Co-operative Alliance, more than 12 percent of the global population belong to the world’s three million cooperatives. The African diaspora has contributed to this legacy. Many Caribbean people view cooperatives as trustworthy because these institutions put people’s local needs first. Both Haiti and Grenada have deeply embedded cooperative values and identities that are rooted in the ancient African systems of Sol and Susu. The African diaspora has a strong history of organizing solidarity financial economies to counter exclusion in business and society. This article draws on interviews with 138 direct users of cooperative institutions, bankers, and experts. Based on the findings, it argues that the African diaspora has had a key role in cooperative development and that Susu and Sol are the preferred financial institutions because they give people a way to help each other in times of adversity. This research uses the theory of the Black Social Economy to analyze Caribbean cooperators and their use of informal and formal cooperatives to stymie exclusion in business and society. Documenting the Haitian and Grenadian people’s cooperative legacy reveals that the choice of the people of the Black diaspora to politicize their economic solidarity, and this has been a major contribution to the global cooperative movement.

Analysis of agricultural sector productivity improvement strategies through cooperative institutions

Purpose This study aims to analyze the productivity improvement strategies of the agricultural sector based on the problems faced by the agricultural sector in Central Java, Indonesia. Design/methodology/approach The analysis is done through interviews, literature studies and analytical hierarchy process data processing aids. Findings The results show that the strategy for developing the agricultural sector in Central Java needs to be focused on institutional factors to organize the field agricultural sector institutions. The ideal institution for the development of the agricultural sector in Central Java is cooperatives that can be accompanied by the Islamic Microfinance Institutions (LKMS). Originality/value This paper will contribute new knowledge specifically about the productivity improvement strategy through the cooperative institution.

Analisis Rasio Keuangan untuk Menilai Kinerja Keuangan KSPPS Khairu Ummah Leuwiliang Periode 2017-2020

An important factor for cooperative institutions is financial performance. The company's financial performance level can be evaluated by analyzing past financial statements. The purpose of the research is to determine the financial performance of KSPPS Khairu Ummah for the period 2017-2020 based on the standard decree of the Minister of Cooperatives and Small and Medium Enterprises No.06/Per/M/KUKM/V/2006 on Health Assessment Standards. And based on the Ministry of Cooperatives and Small and Medium Enterprises of the Republic of Indonesia Number: 7/Per/Dep.6/IV/2016 on Guidelines for Health Assessment of Cooperatives Save Borrowing and Sharia Financing and Unit Save Borrowing And Sharia Financing Cooperatives. The method used is quantitative method. The results showed that the financial performance of KSPPS Khairu Ummah in terms of liquidity, solvency, activity and profitability is still below the standard decree of the Minister of Cooperatives and SMEs No.06/Per/M/KUKM/V/2006, and the results of research in terms of capital, efficiency, liquidity, independence and growth has been included in the standard health assessment and the Ministry of Cooperatives and Small and Medium Enterprises of the Republic of Indonesia Number: 7/Per/Dep.6/IV/2016.

The Role of Community Cooperative Institutions in Building Rural–Urban Linkages Under Urbanization of Pastoral Regions in China

In contrast to agricultural settings, the process of urbanization in the pastoral regions of China are largely driven by long-term influences of ecological conservation and the provision of social services. Consequently, many of the herders who have migrated into nearby secondary urban centers depend on resources from pastoral regions to support their livelihoods, forming complex patterns of rural–urban linkages. While current literature has discussed the processes of herder out-migration and their implications on rural and urban livelihood development, few studies have examined the linkages between the herders living in the pastoral regions and those who have out-migrated to urban regions and their importance in rural livelihood transformation. Based on past studies, we argue that, in a changing pastoral social–ecological system, herders living in both rural and urban regions depend on each other to support their livelihoods through three types of mobility: (1) livestock mobility, (2) herder mobility, and (3) resource mobility. However, what innovative institutions in rangeland resource management and herder economic cooperation can do to help maintain these three types of mobility to sustain rural livelihood development, becomes a critical challenge. Innovative community cooperative institutions developed by pastoral communities from the Tibetan Plateau and Inner Mongolia may be able to offer new perspective and insight on how to better maintain rural–urban linkages in the processes of urbanization in pastoral regions. In this current study will present the two cases of innovative institutions and the roles they play in facilitating the three types of mobility to address livelihood challenges. While current studies recommend an increase of government subsidies, provision of vocational training, and social insurance that help herders better adapt to urban livelihood, we argue that rangeland management and community economic cooperation in innovative institutions are needed to facilitate the mobility of livestock, resources, and the herder population, and maybe only then the livelihood challenges that migrated herders are facing will be addressed effectively.

REPRESENTASI HEGEMONI KINERJA POLRI DALAM PEMBERITAAN TEROR AIR KERAS NOVEL BASWEDAN DI KOMPAS.COM

Berdasarkan analisis bahasa fungsional, pemakaian unsur gramatikal menggambarkan realitas sosial yang ada. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan representasi kinerja kepolisian tentang kasus teror air keras Novel Baswedan dan upaya hegemoni dalam pemberitaan di kompas.com. Penelitian ini menerapkan pedekatan analisis wacana kritis model Fairclough. Data penelitian menggunakan pernyataan langsung kepolisian dalam pemberitaan di kompas.com. Data dikumpulkan dari edisi Mei 2017 s/d Desember 2019 yang diseleksi berdasarkan konteks penyelidikan kasus teror air keras Novel Baswedan. Penelitian ini menggunakan total 42 kutipan pernyataan langsung dari 18 teks berita yang dianalisis menggunakan metode abduktif inferen. Hasil penelitian sebagai berikut. Pertama, lembaga kepolisian diinterpretasikan memiliki kinerja sebagai berikut, bertanggung jawab yang direpresentasikan temuan proses material 39%, berkredibilitas direpresentasikan proses mental 30% dan proses verbal 14%, dan lembaga kooperatif direpresentasikan proses relasional 13% dan proses behavioral 4%. Kedua, pernyataan langsung Polri juga berfungsi sebagai upaya menghegemoni seperti, meyakinkan, mempengaruhi, dan mengontrol pihak lain.Kata kunci: representasi, kinerja, hegemoniTHE REPRESENTATION OF THE HEGEMONIC PERFORMANCE OF THE POLICE IN NOVEL BASWEDAN’S ACID ATTACK NEWS IN KOMPAS.COMAbstract Based on the analysis of functional language, the use of grammatical elements illustrates the existing social reality. This study aims to describe the representation of the police's performance in ivestigating the case of Novel Baswedan acid attack and the hegemony efforts in reporting in Kompas.com. This study applies the approach of analysis of Fairclough's critical discourse. The research data were taken from the police's direct statement in the news in Kompas.com. The data were collected from the May 2017 to the December 2019 editions and were selected based on the context of the investigation of Novel Baswedan’s acid attack. This study used a total of 42 direct statement excerpts from 18 news that were analyzed using inferent abductive methods. The research results are as follows. First, the police institution is interpreted to have responsible performance that is represented by the findings of the material process of 39%; credibility is represented by mental processes of 30% and verbal processes of 14%; and the cooperative institutions represent a relational process of 13% and behavioral processes of 4%. Second, The Police's direct statement also functions as an attempt to hegemony such as, convincing, influencing, and controlling other parties.Keywords: representation, performance, hegemony