Effect of Drawing Parameters on the Properties of Polypropylene/Inorganic Particles Composites by Solid-State Die Drawing

Die drawing is an effective method for improving the properties of polymer. In this work, polypropylene (PP)/inorganic particle composites were fabricated by a solid-state die drawing process to investigate the effects of drawing parameters, such as inorganic particles types, drawing temperature, and drawing speed, on the thermal properties, microstructure, and mechanical behavior of the drawn composites. The mechanical properties of the material were significantly improved through this processing method. For the drawn PP/inorganic particle composites with 45 wt% CaCO3, when the drawing speed was 2.0 m/min and the drawing temperature was 110 °C, the density of the drawn composites reached the lowest at 1.00 g/cm3. At this time, the tensile strength, flexural strength, and impact strength of the drawn composites were 128.32 MPa, 77.12 MPa, and 170.42 KJ/m2, respectively. This work provides a new strategy for the preparation of lightweight and high-strength PP-based composites, which have broad application prospects in the field of engineering and structural materials.

Evaluation of the effectiveness of innovations in the work of drawing mills

The possibility of increasing the productivity of drawing mills is being considered. A new criterion for evaluating the increase in productivity is proposed, taking more fully into account the intensification of the process, which can be recommended when choosing options for the manufacture of pipes. Keywords: drawing mill, effectiveness, productivity, drawing, drawing speed. [email protected]

INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE AND DRAWING SPEED ON THE FORMING OF ALUMINUM ALLOY 1100 VIA WARMING HYDROFORMING PROCESS

The limiting used of the alloys of aluminum since the formability is low at room temperature. To plan and grow more parts made of aluminum, new forming systems, for example, warm framing hydroforming and warming hydroforming processes have been explored to solve the low formability. The effect of temperature on the mechanical properties of aluminum 1100 sheet alloy is investigated at different temperature levels and strain rates using the test of uni-axial tensile. A warming forming tool for sheet metal is designed and manufactured. Four temperatures levels were used in this experiments (25 , 100 200 and 300 ). The drawing speeds that were used in these experiments were (3, 6, and 9 mm/min). Before design, the warming hydro-punch system, the analysis of this system is done in ANSYS software to choose the optimum die radius and then the results of experiments are simulated. The results of experiments showed that the appropriate hydroforming temperature and drawing speed of 1100 aluminum alloy are 300 and 3mm/min respectively. The FE simulation of strain distribution matched reasonably well with the experimental results.

Twisted Silica Microstructured Optical Fiber with Equiangular Spiral Six-Ray Geometry

This work presents fabricated silica microstructured optical fiber with special equiangular spiral six-ray geometry, an outer diameter of 125 µm (that corresponds to conventional commercially available telecommunication optical fibers of ratified ITU-T recommendations), and induced chirality with twisting of 200 revolutions per minute (or e.g., under a drawing speed of 3 m per minute, 66 revolutions per 1 m). We discuss the fabrication of twisted microstructured optical fibers. Some results of tests, performed with pilot samples of designed and manufactured stellar chiral silica microstructured optical fiber, including basic transmission parameters, as well as measurements of near-field laser beam profile and spectral and pulse responses, are represented.

Parallel optimization of the ray-tracing algorithm based on the HPM model

This paper proposes a parallel computing analysis model HPM and analyzes the parallel architecture of CPU–GPU based on this model. On this basis, we study the parallel optimization of the ray-tracing algorithm on the CPU–GPU parallel architecture and give full play to the parallelism between nodes, the parallelism of the multi-core CPU inside the node, and the parallelism of the GPU, which improve the calculation speed of the ray-tracing algorithm. This paper uses the space division technology to divide the ground data, constructs the KD-tree organization structure, and improves the construction method of KD-tree to reduce the time complexity of the algorithm. The ground data is evenly distributed to each computing node, and the computing nodes use a combination of CPU–GPU for parallel optimization. This method dramatically improves the drawing speed while ensuring the image quality and provides an effective means for quickly generating photorealistic images.

Detailing and perfection of calculation of productivity of drawing lines for rebars of A500C and B500C class production based on analysis of procurement contracts

When foreign companies supply equipment for production of class A500 and B500 cold rebars to the Russian market, the manufacturer as a rule estimate its production indices by generally accepted parameters: machine utilization index (MUI), drawing speed and bars diameter (sometimes with specific differentiation). Usually, MUI and drawing speed are presented as the highest reached parameters without accounting particular conditions of operation at a customer, and sometimes – without configuration of the equipment. With a high price of equipment, a customer often gets low efficiency coefficient of correspondence between the high production parameters announced by the manufacturer and those being realized in practice. It was shown that drawing lines for production rebars of the class mentioned above, are typical by equipment content, for example unreeling and power segments. The difference can be only in coiling equipment segment. Such an equipment refers to equipment of cycling products discharge, which is done only at a coil change (a full coil for an empty one). Accumulation of tonnage is provided by a number of coils, which as a result (of a shift, day, month and a year) makes a production program of such drawing lines. If the change of coils at any coiler configuration (automatic, semi-automatic or manual) requires halt of the drawing line, then such halts must be accounted in the time balance of line operation and down times. Accounting of them can considerably change the announced production indices. Per se the production program of such drawing lines should be made taking into consideration actual MUI, but not the advertising one. Results of monitoring of contractual data of some foreign companies presented, to evaluate actuality of the announced by them indices of the equipment production program, supplied at the Russian market. The calculations of down times accounting change time and coils tonnage, as a relative index of drawing lines productivity and their analysis showed that the advertising data presented in the analyzed contracts, cannot be considered as representing and reference ones for making commercial production program of a customer. A method of calculation proposed and recommendations presented, which any customer can use when making inquiry for purchasing drawing equipment from any manufacturer. Also, the method can be used for internal monitoring of in-house production under conditions of particular state of engineer infrastructure and level of automation and mechanization of basic technological operations.

The Influence of the Drawing Process on the Mechanical Properties of TRIP Steel Wires with 0.4% C Content

In the work, the results of the research concerned with the TRIP (Transformation Induced Plasticity) steel wire drawing process in experimental and theoretical ways are shown. The wire drawing process tests on the experimental way were conducted in both laboratories as well as industrial conditions, with the use of two drawing speeds (1.6 and 6 m/s) and two drawing schemes (low and high single reductions). The mechanical properties of wires drawn with high drawing speed equal to 6 m/s showed higher values of mechanical properties for wires drawn with low single reductions than for wires drawn with high single reductions. Such a phenomenon contradicts the theory of drawing wires from steel with a ferritic-pearlitic structure and must be related to TRIP structure and the presence of retained austenite in it, which is transformed into martensite during the deformation process. In order to explain this phenomenon, the theoretical wire drawing process analysis was conducted with the use of the Drawing 2D program based on the finite element method. On the base of the simulation, a large increase in temperature was found on the surface for wires drawn with high drawing speed and low single reductions, which can cause the blocking of transformation retained austenite into martensite and thus a decrease in Rm. To confirm this thesis, further studies will include tests of the amount of retained austenite in wires obtained during experimental tests.

Effect of Process Parameters in Copper-Wire Drawing

The efforts to increase the operating speed of the wire drawing process play a crucial role regarding the industrial productivity. The problem is closely related to various features such as heat generation, material plastic deformation, as well as the friction at the wire/die interface. For instance, the introduction of specific lubricants at the interface between the die and the wire may efficiently reduce the friction or in another context, induce a difference in friction among different regimes, as for the case of hydrodynamic lubrication. The present study systematically explores various aspects concerning the drawing process of an electrolytic tough pitch copper wire. To be specific, the drawing speed, drawing force, die temperature, lubricant temperature, and stress distributions are analysed by using experimental as well as numerical approaches. The obtained results demonstrate how the drawing stress and temperature are affected by the variation of the friction coefficient, die geometry, and drawing speed. It is argued that such a study might help in optimizing the operational parameters of the wire drawing process, which further leads to the improvement of the lubrication conditions and product quality while minimizing the energy consumption during the process.