MANAJEMEN PEMBIAYAAN OPERASIONAL BOARDING SCHOOL PUTRA DARUL HIKAM DAGO GIRI BANDUNG

This paper aims to reveal the management of education financing at the Putra Darul Hikam Dago Giri boarding school Bandung. This study uses a qualitative method with the type of field research. The results showed that the education financing management at the Putra Darul Hikam Dago Giri boarding school Bandung, includes: Planning based on the evaluation of the previous year's budget, which was carried out by the Treasurer, Head of Bureau II and Head of Boarding school approved by the college director. Sources of funding are obtained from guardians of students, boarding, donors and foundations. Financing management includes entry and exit costs which include personnel, non-personnel and investment costs. Operational budget supervision is carried out by the Head of Bureau II and the Director of Darul Hikam College. Financial reports are carried out by two parties, namely by the foundation through the Darul Hikam college and by the chairman of the Boarding which is called the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) system.

‘I’m Outta Here’: Theorizing the Role of Exit in the Ideal of Non-Domination

Accounts of non-domination have tended to emphasise the role resources and other capacity and voice building mechanisms can play in giving people the power and the institutional means of living lives that are free of domination. Yet the role of exit - of institutionally protected means of withdrawing from relationships - has remained undertheorized in accounts of non-domination. Drawing on a range of public policy examples, this paper seeks to shed light on the ways in which, and under what conditions, institutionalised means of exit can contribute to realising the ideal of non-domination. It shows that while rights of exit and low exit-costs can play an essential role in protecting people from dependence on the arbitrary wills of others, it is only under certain conditions these can be said to contribute to the realisation of the ideal of non-domination in a broader sense. Understanding the relationship between exit and non-domination, it further argues, gives us a clearer (if more complicated) picture of the relationship between non-domination and sources of power such as monetary resources and voice.

Does Ex Ante Severance Pay Affect the Timeliness of Bad News Disclosure? The Role of Managerial Exit Costs

Extant literature documents a positive association between ex ante severance pay and timeliness of bad news disclosure, suggesting that the provision of severance pay is consistent with efficient contracting. Relying on an empirically unexplored theory, we investigate whether and how managerial exit costs (i.e., financial and nonfinancial losses triggered by employment termination) affect the effectiveness of severance pay in curbing bad news withholding. We find that managerial exit costs attenuate the positive association between severance pay and timely disclosure of bad news. Moreover, we document that severance pay does not prompt managers to reveal bad news when their exit costs are sufficiently high (i.e., in the top quartile). This result suggests that exit costs erode the efficacy of ex ante severance pay in curtailing bad news withholding. Overall, our findings support the notion that a “one-size-fits-all” approach to structuring severance agreements undermines the potential of severance pay to benefit investors.

Information System for Evaluating Specific Interventions of Stunting Case Using K-means Clustering

One of the causes of death of children under five is chronic malnutrition or stunting. The government has made a policy as an effort to reduce stunting. Specific intervention nutrition programs are activities that directly address the occurrence of stunting. Evaluation of edit interventions that have currently been carried out but have not separated the process based on intervention indicators so that it results in a long processing time and large exit costs so we need a system that can accelerate the process of evaluating specific interventions. Information systems for evaluating specific interventions can be a solution to this problem. In this study, an information system for evaluating specific interventions of stunting cases was developed web-based to facilitate real-time operation. The evaluation information system is designed to collect national data and carry out a clustering process using the k-means method and evaluation stucture cluster using silhouette method. In this study an evaluation value of 34 provinces was obtained which was divided into several clusters as a result of evaluation process in the information system.

Socio-economic effects of electricity crisis and coping strategies

Ensuring there is regular supply of electricity to support industrial growth and development is a huge challenge for countries the world over. However, Ghana’s power supply challenges culminated into a four-year electricity crisis (2012-2016) that earned the name “dumsor,” meaning “on and off” in the Akan language. The crisis was different in its intensity, complexity, and reach from any previously recorded case. At its peak, a greater expanse of southern Ghana endured a load shedding schedule of 12 hours with electricity and 24 hours without electricity, with the capital city (Accra) being the worse affected. Heavy electricity consumers were among the hardest hit businesses since the dumsor did not only increase operational cost and reduce productivity but also resulted in significant withdrawal of investments. The narrative was progressively dismal for hotels because the industry has high entry and exit costs and their success and reputation is based on rendering quality services at a comparatively lower price. Thus, any compromise on their product results in disproportionate decline in patronage due to poor reviews and bad word-of-mouth. Given the above, a review of the socio-economic effects of dumsor on hotels and adopted coping strategies were needed to lay a framework to examine the effects of electricity crises on the tourism industry. Adopting a mixed- method approach, seventy-three (73) hotels in the Accra Metropolitan Area were engaged. The results reveal an increase in both operational cost and customer complaints. This brought about the adoption of diesel-fuelled generators as an immediate stop-gap measure to curb the crisis.

Hamilton-Jacobi equations for optimal control on networks with entry or exit costs

We consider an optimal control on networks in the spirit of the works of Achdou et al. [NoDEA Nonlinear Differ. Equ. Appl. 20 (2013) 413–445] and Imbert et al. [ESAIM: COCV 19 (2013) 129–166]. The main new feature is that there are entry (or exit) costs at the edges of the network leading to a possible discontinuous value function. We characterize the value function as the unique viscosity solution of a new Hamilton-Jacobi system. The uniqueness is a consequence of a comparison principle for which we give two different proofs, one with arguments from the theory of optimal control inspired by Achdou et al. [ESAIM: COCV 21 (2015) 876–899] and one based on partial differential equations techniques inspired by a recent work of Lions and Souganidis [Atti Accad. Naz. Lincei Rend. Lincei Mat. Appl. 27 (2016) 535–545].

The Analysis for the Scale and Efficiency of China’s Major Automotive Enterprises Based on DEA Model

This paper uses Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to measure the scale and efficiency of 28 major automotive enterprises in Chinese, and the results show that at this stage, large automobile manufacturers of China are under-produced and the production is too scattered, and the overall efficiency of automobile manufacturers is low. One of the main reasons is that because of the low technical efficiency value, the technological innovation capability of enterprises needs to be strengthened. The other reason is that the low efficiency of a large number of enterprises lowers the overall efficiency level. There is a positive correlation between the scale and efficiency of automobile manufacturers. Whether it is the horizontal comparison between different enterprises (nature) or the vertical comparison between the same enterprises, all show that compared with small-scale enterprises, large-scale manufacturing enterprises not only have higher scale efficiency but also have higher technical efficiency. With the expansion of production scale, the scale of enterprises and technical efficiency have improved, which shows that for the automotive industry, compared with other factors, economies of scale is the main factor that affects the automotive industry, and not only is it reflected in the scale but also in technological innovation. Therefore, when formulating policies, the relevant departments should support the development of large-scale enterprises, encourage mergers and acquisitions among enterprises, increase R&D investment, support technological innovation, and set up a scientific market exit mechanism to reduce exit costs, such as guiding the transformation of enterprises and establish a competition mechanism for the survival of the fittest.

Application of modified Laffer Curve in the Marriage Market using Exit Costs

Application of modified Laffer Curve in the Marriage Market using Exit CostsThe economics literature that deals with the exit costs of marriage has considered primarily the shift from mutual consent divorce to unilateral divorce and has not provided a larger, overall picture of the marriage market under various exit conditions. This paper proposes that a modified Laffer Curve macro model of marriage and divorce provides the best overall picture of the marriage market under various exit scenarios.