Dynamic model of macro crowd merging based on abnormal pedestrian posture

Crowd merging is a complex process, and any sudden external or internal disturbance will destroy the stability of the crowd. The occurrence of abnormal behavior will affect the crowd flow process and inevitably affect the stability of the crowd flow system. The position information of the joint points is obtained through the OpenPose algorithm, and the kinematics characteristics of each node are studied. It is judged whether the number of pedestrians in the crowd and the scale of the building scene are greater than the empirical setting value based on engineering statistical data and expert experience. When the number of pedestrians is more than 2,000 and the total area of the passage is more than 2,000 square meters, the appropriate macro-dynamic model is selected. The Aw-Rascle (AR) fluid dynamics model is selected in this study. The joint point information obtained through the OpenPose is combined with the macroscopic fluid dynamics model to construct a macroscopic crowd flow dynamics model based on the pedestrian's abnormal posture.

Case Report: Recurrent Variant c.298 TA in CCN6 Gene Found in Progressive Pseudorheumatoid Dysplasia Patients From Patni Community of Gujarat: A Report of Three Cases

Biallelic mutations in the CCN6 gene are known to cause a rare genetic disorder—progressive pseudorheumatoid dysplasia (PPD). PPD is characterized by distinct joint deformities of interphalangeal joints, stiffness, gait disturbance, abnormal posture, and absence of inflammation, resulting in significant morbidity. The largest case series of PPD from India suggests c.233G>A and c.1010G>A to be the most common mutations in the CCN6 gene, although the distribution of these variants among endogamous communities in India has not been carried out. We here report three cases of PPD from three independent families belonging to the Patni community of Gujarat, a community known to practice endogamy. All three cases had short stature, gait disturbance, scoliosis, and interphalangeal joint deformities. Analysis by whole-exome sequencing in the first case showed the presence of a previously known, homozygous, missense variant c.298T>A (p.Cys100Ser) in exon 3 of the CCN6 gene in all cases. Due to all three families belonging to the same community, analysis by Sanger sequencing in the remaining two cases for the variant mentioned earlier showed both cases to be of homozygous mutant genotype. Unaffected family members, i.e., parents and siblings, were either heterozygous carriers or wildtype for the said variant. The present case series is the first report of a recurrent variant occurring across multiple PPD-affected individuals from unrelated families belonging to the same community from India.

Prevalence of Physical Activity with Mobility Disabilities among Senior Citizens in a Selected Old Home

The purpose of the study was to identify the mobility problem of aged people in selected old homes. The ages of the respondents are 60 plus age, which is clustered into 3 age groups 60-69 years, 70-79 years, and 80 plus age. This study established among 100% respondents 89.3% have self-bathing capacity, 89.3% have self-dressing capacity, 89.8% have self-toileting capacity, 93.3% have self-teeth washing capacity, 93.7% have self-eating capacity. For finding other problems of aged people set up among 206 participants of the old home area, 35.0% are disability problem. Besides, in old homes 19.9% have suffered diabetic mellitus for a long time, 51.0% suffered from hypertension, 11.7% suffered from low blood pressure, 14.6% have heart problems, 64.6% have urine catching difficulty, 6.8% have kidney disease. Among 206 respondents of the old home, area was 44.2% abnormal posture and they have 36.9% kyphosis, 4.4% scoliosis 0.5% lordosis, and 2.4% another abnormal posture. For the finding of aged people, we have asked some questions to identify pain severity and several labels found that among 206 participants of the old home area were 52.4% have pain during straight walking, 36.9% have neck pain, 56.3% have hip pain or lower back pain, 28.6% have thoraco-lumber pain and 34.0% have pain during sleeping time. Besides On this area respondents there was pain severity 21.4% have mild pain, 22.3% have moderate pain and 24.8% have severe pain. In this paper among 206 respondents of the old home area was 10.7% having a stroke history. Here 3.4% right side, 4.4 left sides, both sides 2.9% paralyzes. In this study Right shoulder motion 56.8% of participants ROM under 150 degrees and Left shoulder motion 61.2% of participants ROM under 150 degrees. Conversely, Right hip motion was 27.7% of participant's ROM under 60 degrees and Left hip motion 30.6% of participant's ROM under 60 degrees. Besides, Right knee motion 56.8% of participants ROM under 120 degrees and Left knee motion 57.3% participants ROM under 120 degrees. After completing the current study we think that everyone should take responsibility to survive the aged people for a long time.

Changes in Health Indicators of Welfare in Group-Housed Shelter Cats

The aim of this study was to detect changes in health-oriented welfare indicators of shelter cats housed in a shelter by means of long-term monitoring of health indicators of welfare in a population of group-housed cats in a private, no-kill shelter in the Czech Republic. The cat population housed in a large group was monitored for 1 year. The data recording took place at 2-week intervals. A total of 220 cats were evaluated using a protocol containing eight health-oriented welfare indicators: body condition, third eye visibility, eye discharge, eye irritation, nose discharge, the presence of pathologically induced respiratory sounds, coat condition, and lameness and abnormal posture. The assessment was performed based on the observation by two trained evaluators. The cats' condition was rated on a 5-point scale for each indicator, where the optimal condition was represented by the score of 1 and a severe deterioration by the score of 5 for the given indicator, except for the body condition indicator, where the optimal condition was represented by the score of 3. A deterioration in the score in at least one of the indicators during the stay in the shelter was recorded in 52 (41.6%) of 125 cats that were assessed at least twice. The effect of the LOS, sex and age on the scores for each health indicator was examined via a linear mixed model analysis, as this method allows for handling of dependencies in the data of repeated measurements. The effect of predictors on the third eye visibility scores was not found. The age of cats predicted the coat condition and body condition scores. The LOS predicted scores of the abnormal posture and lameness indicator and scores of a composite index composed of indicators related to upper respiratory tract disease. The results suggest that despite the fact that some improvement of health was documented during the cats' stay in the shelter, there were a non-negligible number of animals experiencing a permanent or long-term deterioration in health. Efforts to minimize the undesirable factors contributing to the deterioration of well-being of cats during their stay in a shelter should be made.

WORK MEASUREMENT STUDY ON MOTOR-MANUAL PINE TAPPING OPERATION: THE APPLICATION OF THE CONCEPT OF LEAN MANUFACTURING AND ALLOWANCES

Derivated products of pine resin have been recognised as competitive commodities in global trade, increasing the need to use resources more efficiently. A hand-held tapping machine with small hoe-shape cutters called “mujitek” has been widely applied in Indonesia among efforts to answer this challenge. In this study, a series of observed (actual) work time data were measured and analysed, adopting lean manufacturing to calculate the basic and standard time of the work and estimate the work produced on the tapping operation. Work elements were identified based on their contribution to change or transform the product and were categorised as value-added, non-value-added, and special allowance. Quantitative data on the work productivity in the tapping operation can be used as one fundamental data in determining a work plan to establish a continuous improvement process. The variable fatigue allowances taken into account in this study were standing posture, abnormal posture, muscular energy, atmospheric conditions, and noise. This study shows that non-value-added work elements (repairing machines, chatting, and smoking) cause inefficiency in tapping operation. Analysis of added-value work elements proved that this hand-held tapping machine offers a higher (1.7 times) work productivity than conventional hand-held tapping tools. However, since humans have limitations in the physical, physiological, and mental dimensions that limit their ability to carry out work at a certain level, the discovered work productivity level should also be validated with other thresholds, e.g., physical workload and risk perception.

Spinal surgery for a late-onset axial myopathy

Axial myopathies with paraspinal predominance usually present with dropped head, abnormal posture or rigidity of the spine. Management of axial myopathy can be difficult and there is little data in the literature about surgical treatment. We discuss a case of axial myopathy with late-onset scoliosis and dropped head, focusing on the surgical management of the case.

Botulinum Neurotoxin Injections in Childhood Opisthotonus

Opisthotonus refers to abnormal axial extension and arching of the trunk produced by excessive contractions of the paraspinal muscles. In childhood, the abnormal posture is most often related to dystonia in the setting of hypoxic injury or a number of other acquired and genetic etiologies. The condition is often painful, interferes with ambulation and quality of life, and is challenging to treat. Therapeutic options include oral benzodiazepines, oral and intrathecal baclofen, botulinum neurotoxin injections, and deep brain stimulation. Management of opisthotonus within the pediatric population has not been systematically reviewed. Here, we describe a series of seven children who presented to our institution with opisthotonus in whom symptom relief was achieved following administration of botulinum neurotoxin injections.

The physical features of Huntington’s disease

This chapter focuses mainly on the movement disorder, speech, balance, weight loss, swallowing, and speech. Chorea or purposeless involuntary movement is most commonly associated with HD. A patient may have a mixture of movement problems such as dystonia (abnormal posture), and bradykinesia (slowness of movement). The pattern of movement disorder may vary between people but frequently the dystonia and bradykinesia become more prominent as the disease progresses. As this happens more professionals may become involved in the care. It is important for the carer(s) to also take care of themselves.

Hepatic Tumor as Antenatal Presentation of Costello Syndrome

A large hepatic mixed echoic mass occupying the left fetal abdomen was identified at 266/7 weeks. The mass showed peripheral and internal vascularity. Other ultrasound findings included edema of the fetal head and face, macrosomia, shortened long bones, abnormal posture of hands, small stomach, polyhydramnios and biventricular hypertrophy. Fetal magnetic resonance imaging confirmed a hypervascular mass replacing the lateral left hepatic lobe, suggestive of a congenital hemangioma. The fetus was delivered by cesarean section at 282/7 weeks. The baby was stabilized at day 3 of life, and underwent successful selective tumor embolization. The baby remained stable for 3 days, then deteriorated with a progressive thickening of the myocardium. The child then passed away on day 11 from severe progressive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, with almost complete obliteration of the left ventricular cavity; an autopsy was declined. Postnatal investigations reported a de novo heterozygous pathogenic HRAS variant (NM_005343.3(HRAS): c.35_36 delinsTT, p.Gly21Val), previously reported in 8 cases associated with the early, lethal form of Costello syndrome.