Safety and Security Issues of Media Professional: A Case Study of Freelance Journalists in Pakistan

In the last twenty years’ Pakistani media have experienced remarkable progress and transformation in its role. There have been serious setbacks in current years. Almost more than one hundred private TV channels are currently broadcasting. Pakistan is one of the unsafe counties of the world for journalists as per the 2020 report of the International Federation of Journalists Pakistan. Pakistan has been a war zone for almost forty years, where 140 journalists were killed in Pakistan from 2000 to 2020 but still, Pakistani law does not guarantee journalists' safety. Are they feeling safe and secure and which steps will be important for journalists’ security and safety? This researcher is qualitative. The data have been collected by conducting interviews and applying the social responsibility theory to investigate, what is about the freedom of speech because this theory describes the claims that the journalist always plays a responsible role of passing the information with freedom and the task of the press is to make journalism better.

Individuals Treated for Gender Dysphoria with Medical and/or Surgical Transition Who Subsequently Detransitioned: A Survey of 100 Detransitioners

The study’s purpose was to describe a population of individuals who experienced gender dysphoria, chose to undergo medical and/or surgical transition and then detransitioned by discontinuing medications, having surgery to reverse the effects of transition, or both. Recruitment information with a link to an anonymous survey was shared on social media, professional listservs, and via snowball sampling. Sixty-nine percent of the 100 participants were natal female and 31.0% were natal male. Reasons for detransitioning were varied and included: experiencing discrimination (23.0%); becoming more comfortable identifying as their natal sex (60.0%); having concerns about potential medical complications from transitioning (49.0%); and coming to the view that their gender dysphoria was caused by something specific such as trauma, abuse, or a mental health condition (38.0%). Homophobia or difficulty accepting themselves as lesbian, gay, or bisexual was expressed by 23.0% as a reason for transition and subsequent detransition. The majority (55.0%) felt that they did not receive an adequate evaluation from a doctor or mental health professional before starting transition and only 24.0% of respondents informed their clinicians that they had detransitioned. There are many different reasons and experiences leading to detransition. More research is needed to understand this population, determine the prevalence of detransition as an outcome of transition, meet the medical and psychological needs of this population, and better inform the process of evaluation and counseling prior to transition.

The UAE Tour, cycling stars, and Twitter: Tweeting as part of promoting the host country

Using the example of the 2019 inaugural UAE Tour, this study demonstrates how cycling stars indirectly promote countries hosting globally watched sporting events through their Twitter accounts. This study presents a qualitative and quantitative content analysis of the Twitter activity of selected cycling stars. However, this promotion is only a secondary result of their activity on social media; professional athletes use their Twitter accounts as a platform for self-presentation and to show their daily lives to fans. If the athletes are active on social media, it is almost impossible for them to avoid speaking about the host countries, indirectly evaluate them, and provide information about them to their followers. While sports celebrities’ social media profiles are a limited space for the promotion of host countries, they can also help improve the image of the countries and present them in a positive light. Of course, political leaders use countless public or sports diplomacy tools to promote their countries abroad, and online platforms are not necessarily a key element in the promotion of their international image.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF PROFESSIONAL FLIP PDF BASED LEARNING MEDIA IN THEMATIC LEARNING AT THE THIRD GRADE STUDENTS OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

Thematic learning requires teachers' creativity in selecting and developing learning media; one of them is by using professional flip pdf learning media. This study aimed to determine the feasibility and investigate teachers' and students' responses towards professional flip pdf for thematic learning with the 'loving plants and animals' theme. This research used Research and Development method with Borg and Gall model. The data collecting procedures were through observation, interview, and documentation. The results indicated that The development of learning media professional flip pdf gained 94.54% from media experts with the very feasible category, material experts 86.66% with the very feasible category, and linguists 94.54% with a very feasible category. In addition, the average of teachers' response obtained was 95% with the very feasible category. The small-scale trial was 91.3%, and the large-scale trial was obtained 95.8%, both with very attractive interpretation criteria. Therefore, professional pdf flip-based learning media are very feasible and very interesting to be used as thematic learning media.Abstrak:Pembelajaran tematik membutuhkan kreativitas guru dalam memilih dan mengembangkan media pembelajaran; salah satunya dengan menggunakan media pembelajaran flip pdf professional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelayakan, respon guru dan siswa terhadap flip pdf profesional untuk pembelajaran tematik dengan tema 'menyayangi tumbuhan dan binatang'. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Research and Development dengan model Borg and Gall. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian menggunakan observasi, wawancara, angket dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengembangan media pembelajaran flip pdf profesional diperoleh rata-rata 94,54% dari ahli media dengan kategori sangat layak, ahli materi 86,66% dengan kategori sangat layak, dan ahli bahasa 94,54% dengan kategori sangat layak. Selain itu, rata-rata respon guru yang diperoleh adalah 95% dengan kategori sangat layak. Uji coba skala kecil sebesar 91,3% dan uji coba skala besar diperoleh 95,8%, keduanya mendapat kriteria interpretasi sangat menarik. Denga demikian, media pembelajaran berbasis flip pdf profesional sangat layak dan sangat menarik untuk digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran tematik.

The Impact of COVID-19 on Sport in Twitter: A Quantitative and Qualitative Content Analysis

The spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus has transformed many aspects of people’s daily life, including sports. Social networks have been flooded on these issues. The present study aims to analyze the tweets produced relating to sports and COVID-19. From the end of January to the beginning of May 2020, over 4,000,000 tweets on this subject were downloaded through the Twitter search API. Once the duplicates, replicas, and retweets were removed, 119,253 original tweets were analyzed. A quantitative–qualitative content analysis was used to study the selected tweets. Posts dynamics regarding sport and exercise evolved according to the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent lockdown, shifting from considering sport as a healthy bastion to an activity exposed to disease like any other. Most media professional sporting events received great attention on Twitter, while grassroots and women’s sport were relegated to a residual role. The analysis of the 30 topics identified focused on the social, sporting, economic and health impact of the pandemic on the sport. Sporting cancellations, leisure time and socialization disruptions, club bankruptcies, sports training and athletes’ uncertain career development were the main concerns. Although general health measures appeared in the tweets analyzed, those addressed to sports practice were relatively scarce. Finally, this study shows the importance of Twitter as a means of conveying social attitudes towards sports and COVID-19 and its potential to generate alternative responses in future stages of the pandemic.

Bookish Philosophy and Immediated Realism

Disputes among conflicting “schools of thought,” located predominantly in philosophy departments in universities throughout the world, have degenerated into an academic, bookish philosophy that threatens to replace the discourse of wonder with the jargon of specialists. An elite process of inbred, intellectual decay renders all schools to a discourse that restricts philosophical discourse to print media, professional / professorial standards replace open-ended discussion, and “publish or perish” deflates the value of discourse. Literacy becomes the benchmark of understanding, and illiteracy is equated with lack of understanding. A tyranny of the articulate dismisses the wisdom of ordinary discourse, and the book itself becomes a coffin whose colophon page is a gravestone inscribed with the date of death of the corpse text within. Escape from this inevitable condition can be found in a return to the ordinary, common language and direct realism of the everyday human through a process of mediation, unmediation, and immediation.

‘I am perfectly imperfect because I am a media professional’: Asserting the Association Between Media Consumption Attitude, Emotional Ownership and Personal Well-being

A profession that leads to well-being is rewarding and fulfilling, as it is a vital factor in ascertaining the happiness and purpose of one’s life. Information and communications technology has become an integral part of everyone’s life in contemporary times. Media professionals are engaged in using various types of digital and online media for their work-related needs. At many times, due to extensive work requirements, they carry their professional commitments outside the office hours. Due to their obsessive media consumption attitude, they lose out on spending time with their families and themselves. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of such media consumption attitude in relation to personal well-being. For this, 429 working professionals from different domains of media across the Indian subcontinent participated in our survey. The results revealed that media usage has a significant role in influencing personal well-being. At the same time, emotional ownership stood to be a mediator in the relationship between media consumption attitude and personal well-being. The findings pave the way to understand the professional and personal challenges faced by media professionals, while suggesting a possible roadmap for achieving a happy and purposeful life.

Benefits of Publicity

We investigate whether corporate board members with media expertise influence firms’ media coverage and media slant. We find that firms with a media professional on the board of directors receive more media coverage, and articles written about them include fewer negative words compared with articles on control firms. These findings highlight the importance of the composition of the board of directors as a determinant of information disclosure mechanism.

Analiza wybranych czynników mających wpływ na postępowanie rodziców dzieci do 5 roku życia w przypadku wystąpienia gorączki

Children’s fever occurring is in parents’ opinion a very worrying clinical state. Its appearance is quite common in paediatric population and the knowledge about dealing with the anti-fever issues is still popularised among parents by medical staff. Aim. The thesis aims to pay attention to the present problem of not taking brave decisions by parents when it concerns their sick child. Material and methods. In this thesis, a way of diagnostics survey with a technique of polling was applied. A self-made questionnaire was used as the research tool. In the part related to the research, the aggregate scale of parents’ knowledge evaluation according to the very own structure. The group consisted of 105 people, the parents of children up to five years old. Results. The results confirm the influence of demographic factors on the treatments by the parents when it comes to their children up to five years old. The parents do not have enough knowledge about fever, understanding its parameters and ways of reducing it. At once, they do have knowledge about the risks arising from the hazard of a high fever. More than 50% of parents get information about the subject from numerous sources such as family, friends, the Internet and unprofessional media. Professional medical staff is the source of knowledge for 48,57% of people. The parents and caretakers recognise information about fever forwarded by doctors and nurses. They rate the level and the quality of that knowledge very high. Conclusion. The role of a nurse in parents’ education about fever and dealing with it when it appears is significant. Nurses are the source of information, but they forward their knowledge in different degrees, according to parents. Medical staff is co-responsible for deepening parents’ knowledge.

Kashmir conflict and Indian Press: A Literature Review

A multi-cultural and multi-ethnic society of Indian state is ill informed about multifaceted reality of Kashmir conflict due to mediated and fabricated information conveyed through national media. Kashmiris perceive national media as biased and hiding public sentiments which further alienated Kashmiri public to the Indian state and nationalism. Little available literature on media portrayal of Kashmir only discussed Pak-India hostility, peace and war journalism or propaganda. This research is about the coverage of Kashmir conflict by Indian Press. Research proceeding reveals that there is little research studies directed toward this subject. This article review the published research work by academics and media professional collected through websites, research journal archives and catalogues. This research will guide researchers and media practitioners involved in the reportage of Kashmir conflict.