PEMERIKSAAN DNA SENTUHAN DARI BARANG BUKTI DENGAN PERBEDAAN JENIS BAHAN

Analysis of Touch DNA on forensic laboratory has been a favorite approach to identify a person. Every investigator demand the identity of whom the perpetrator that commit the crime, that leaved their DNA on the evidence. Many factors affect touch DNA, one of these is the substrate of the evidence. Common evidences that often examined in forensic lab are firearms, knife, swords, clothes, and switch bomb. To collect the cell on the evidence we use tapelift method using the duct tape. PrepFilerTM BTA Extraction Kit used to extract the DNA from the duct tape, followed by Quantifiler® Duo. For profiling the DNA we use GlobalFilerTM and fragment analyzed on ABI 3500 Genetic Analyzer followed by GeneMapper ID.X. V.1.4. Based on our analysis, DNA from fabric substrate has the higher percentage of success DNA profiling. The success DNA profiling rate of fabric and plastic substrate is 100%, and 0% for wood substrate. According to recent researches, smooth substrate, like plastic and glass, has higher percentage to get full profile than rough substrate, like woods. But on the fabric, they found has much higher percentage than smooth substrate. This can be due to the absorption ability of the fabric to obtain more cells

Keragaman Bulu Babi (Echinoidea) di Perairan Pantai Pulau Merah Pesanggaran Banyuwangi

Echinoidea has found in many marine defferences. This invertebrates were usually live in individualisia or in groups. They are live in rough substrate like rock and coastal but there are small group of echinoidea has live in sandy and muddy subtrate. The purpose of this research was to obtain the diversity ofechinoideain pulau merah shore Banyuwangi this research has been done in july 2016. This research used transek quadrat methode, divide 3 station. Station 1 lie down in side bouder of cea water, station 2 lie down in the middle of sea water and station 3 lie down prorude from sea water. In each station divide in 3 transeks and every transecs there were 3 plot. The result of this research showed there were 4 luind of echinoidea, Trineustes gratilla, Echinometra mathaei, Diadema sitosum, Sea urchin. the most many quantities of echinoidea species that found al most in all of the station was Echinometra mathaei the most hig herst diversity indees was Trineustes gratilla in station 2 (H’=1) in station 3(H’=1). In station 3 (H’=1). The most highast dominancy andecs was Echinometra mathaei in station 2 (D=0,664)

Analysis of Removing Barnacles Attached on Rough Substrate with Cleaning Robot

In this paper, a cleaning robot is designed to remove the marine fouling attached to a marine steel pile. In the following study, in order to analyse the process of cleaning marine fouling attached to a rough substrate, the barnacle is taken as a typical case in order to study the horizontal cutting force in the scarping process for removing barnacles on a rough substrate. The adhesion model of the barnacle was established on a rough rigid substrate. Considering both right angle cutting theory and the Peel Zone method, a scraping means and horizontal cutting force model for rough surface cleaning are proposed for the study of the surface cleaning of steel piles. In order to make the model more accurate, the finite element method is used to analyze and compare its errors. Through comparative analysis, it is known that the relative average errors about the cutting force in the horizontal direction are less than 15%. The analysis shows that the blade rake angle and rough substrate have a great influence on the horizontal cutting force. It can be concluded that the cutting force needed to clean the barnacle attached to the surface decreases correspondingly as the rake angle of the blade increases; and the rougher the substrate is, the greater the horizontal cutting force required. It is recommended to use 60° for blade rake angle. We can use the model to predict the horizontal cutting force and blade rake angle in the design of a cleaning robot.

A Thin Elastic Membrane Conformed to a Soft and Rough Substrate Subjected to Stretching/Compression

Conformability of bio-integrated electronics to soft and microscopically rough biotissues can enhance effective electronics–tissue interface adhesion and can facilitate signal/heat/mass transfer across the interface. When biotissues deform, for example, when skin stretches or heart beats, the deformation may lead to changes in conformability. Although a theory concerning just full conformability (FC) under deformation has been developed (i.e., the FC theory), there is no available theory for partially conformable (PC) systems subjected to deformation. Taking advantage of the path-independent feature of elastic deformation, we find that the total energy of a PC system subjected to stretching or compression can be analytically expressed and minimized. We discover that the FC theory is not sufficient in predicting FC and a full energy landscape obtained by our PC theory is needed for searching for the equilibrium. Our results reveal that stretching enhances conformability while compression degrades it. In addition to predicting the critical parameters to maintain FC under deformation, our PC theory can also be applied to predict the critical compressive strain beyond which FC is lost. Our theory has been validated by laminating poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) membranes of different thicknesses on human skin and inducing skin deformation.