P143 INSTRUCTION AND FEEDBACK METHOD FOR LAPAROSCOPIC HERNIA REPAIR USING SELF-MADE MANUAL WITH SELF-ASSESSMENT SHEET

Aim We use the self-made manual to understand procedures easily, and the self-assessment sheet to improve trainees' skills efficiently. We investigated the effect of this method for trainees in laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair. Material and Methods In the original manual, surgical procedures and how to make surgical fields are explained using intraoperative photos, in order to clarify the purpose of the procedures in each scene of surgery. We also made the self-assessment sheet that sets goals according to the manual, and evaluates the trainee's attainment objectively. Trainees score the assessment sheet after every surgery. Trainers evaluate their sheets and give feedback on their skills with a radar chart. Results By using the same manual, trainees and trainers could share the same terms and thoughts easily during surgery. The self-assessment sheet made trainees effective to understand their weak points and improve their skills. At the beginning of the training, the much-experienced trainee got a higher score. As trainees experienced surgeries, they became getting higher scores. There was a significant correlation between a high score and a short operation time. A radar chart helped efficiently to understand trainees' weak points. Conclusions Using the self-made manual and the self-assessment sheet together was useful for both the trainer and the trainees to evaluate their attainment objectively. Scores and graphs helped trainees assess their skills efficiently.

Observation on the Curative Effect of Microsurgery in 154 Children with Strabismus and Analysis of Its Influencing Factors

Strabismus is a common ophthalmic disease in the process of child body development, in which the two eyes cannot gaze at the target at the same time, and the incidence of this disease of children is higher. In children with esotropia, exotropia, and up and down strabismus and other typical symptoms, the cause is genetic, innerve, and refractive and regulated, and not receiving timely treatment may lead to stereo vision and diplopia and other phenomena, affecting their learning and life. Surgical treatment is the main treatment for strabismus at present. Traditional orthodontic surgery is performed by doctors under the naked eye, often due to improper operation or suture error and other factors, resulting in more postoperative complications, such as more tissue damage, conjunctival congestion, and muscle suture reaction, which seriously affect the clinical effect of surgical treatment. In recent years, with the continuous development of microsurgical technology, the correction of strabismus under a microscope has been widely carried out in clinic. The operation under the microscope makes the operation more delicate and accurate, overcomes the defects of traditional surgery, and highlights the advantages of minimally invasive surgery. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of microsurgical techniques in the treatment of strabismus in children and to analyze the factors influencing the outcome. The results showed that microsurgical strabismus correction in the treatment of strabismus children has short operation time, less intraoperative blood loss, short hospital stay, high efficiency, and less complications, which is worthy of popularization. Age, preoperative strabismus angle, refractive error, distance stereopsis injury, near stereoscopic injury, and duration of disease were all independent influencing factors of postoperative efficacy.

In Vitro Assay of Translation Inhibition by Trichothecenes Using a Commercially Available System

Trichothecenes are a family of major secondary metabolites produced by some common filamentous fungi, including plant pathogenic and entomopathogenic fungi. It may be considered difficult to conduct a comparison between the toxicities of trichothecenes with consideration of different conditions and cell lines. In the current study, we developed an in vitro assay based on a commercially available system to estimate the translation inhibition, that is, the main toxicity, of trichothecenes. The assay was applied to estimate the inhibition of protein synthesis by trichothecenes. Initially, we examined the assay using trichothecene dissolved in water followed by an assessment of trichothecene solutions dissolved in acetonitrile. The obtained data showed that the assay tolerated the small amount of acetonitrile. The assay examined in this study has the advantages of a short operation time (one day), ease of use, and data stability, as it is a non-cell-based assay whose components are commercially available. It is expected that this assay will contribute to the evaluation of the toxicity of a vast number of trichothecenes.

Inverted ovariosalpingohisterectomy technique in cats: advantages and limitations

The inverted ovariosalpingohysterectomy (OSH) technique involves initial uterine removal, followed by ovarian disinsertion. The objective of this study was to compare the inverted technique with the traditional technique, characterized by initial removal of the ovaries followed by uterine resection, for evaluating the performance of the inverted OSH technique in cats. For this, 24 healthy, female cats, aged between 7 months and 5 years, with a body condition score of up to 6 points (9-point scale), divided into two equal groups: the traditional technique (TT) and the inverted technique (IT). Procedures were performed by the same veterinarians (surgeon and their assistant) as well as semi-quantitative analysis of the techniques (questionnaire related to the ease of uterine and ovarian manipulation as well as of intestinal and urinary vesicle manipulation) and descriptive qualitative analysis (technical report with the opinion of surgeons and an external evaluator). In addition, the total surgical time and positive pain response were evaluated, indicated by the changes in vital parameters observed by the anesthesiologist during surgery. Inverted technique it promoted greater ovarian exposure, allowing uterine cranial flexion to perform the ligatures, thus facilitating their manipulation, hemostasis, and section of the pedicle. Free the uterus from its ligaments to the abdominal cavity allowed greater mobilization of the conjoint. Both techniques required short operation time (average time of 16’± 1.321’ in the IT group and 15’± 0.525’ in the TT group). The presence of algetic stimulus was similar in the techniques, three animals in each group suffered analgesic rescue.

Design and Analysis of a Helium-Assisted Hybrid Drone for Flight Time Enhancement

In this paper, a new design of a helium-assisted hybrid drone is proposed for flight time enhancement. As is widely known, most of the drones with a VTOL (vertical take-off and landing) feature have a short operation time, limiting their capability to carry out sustainable operations for the given missions. Thus, with the clear goal of enhancing the flight time, this study aims to develop a hybrid drone system, where a helium balloon is used to provide a lifting force for this purpose. The proposed design for the hybrid drone has several benefits including easiness to manufacture and relatively small size when compared to other types of hybrid drones. Various analyses are conducted for the design of the hybrid drone system including the balloon shape and size, buoyant force, flight time, and connector design. Since stability and performance are one of the most important issues for the new design, the pole location analysis is conducted based on the control theory. This rigorous analysis provides that the proposed hybrid drone design is stable as well as robust against swinging motions. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed design and flight time enhancement, simulations were conducted and experimental results are also provided using the manufactured hybrid drone system. Through the real experiments, it is proved that the hybrid drone can increase the flight time more than 2.5 times while guaranteeing stable motions.

Distension methods of surgical correction of hypospadias in boys

Difficulties in the treatment of hypospadias in boys persist to this day. After surgical correction of hypospadias, fistulas, strictures, urethral diverticula, retraction of the meatus, glans dehiscence and other complications occur. At the same time, it is quite difficult to understand the whole variety of proposed methods for correcting hypospadias, which creates confusion for specialists and negatively affects the results of treatment. The literature describes more than 300 different methods of correcting hypospadias, but none of the methods is perfect, and there are no generally accepted treatment standards. Despite this, it is an established fact that the choice of the surgery procedure depends on the type of hypospadias. A successful technique of hypospadias repair should be completed with a good cosmetic and functional result. The article presents an overview of the distension techniques of urethroplasty. For the first time, the experience of urethral advancement was presented at the end of the XIX century, but the technique was unpopular and did not have significant success. However, by the end of the XX century, more effective distension techniques of urethroplasty began to be developed, which were widely used around the world (Koff S.A., Ti-Seng Chang, Belman A.B., MAGPI, LUM, etc.). According to scientific literature, urethral advancement is a safe and reliable way to correct distal hypospadias, and it is considered as an alternative to creating a neourethra. This technique has many competitive advantages, such as the short operation time, the absence of urethral tubularization, excellent functional and cosmetic results, and a small number of complications. It, therefore, follows that distension techniques of urethroplasty are considered a good option for correcting distal hypospadias, which should be in the arsenal of every pediatric surgeon and urologist.

Analysis and application of prediction model for formation fluid sampling time while drilling

Formation sampling while drilling (FSWD) is one of the most advanced formation sampling techniques in the world. It is characterized by short operation time, shallow mud invasion, and the obtained formation data is closer to the real situation of the reservoir. During the sampling process, the first fluid that the suction probe on the borehole wall inhales is basically drilling mud filtrate. With the increase of suction time, it gradually mixes into the formation fluid, and finally the formation fluid is infinitely close to 100%. At this time, it is very important to judge the starting time of sampling. If the sampling time is too early, the percentage of samples contaminated by drilling filtrate will be higher, which can not meet the requirement of fidelity. If the sampling time is too late, the drilling fluid will stop circulating for too long, which will cause sticking. In this paper, the prediction method of sampling time is to simulate the permeability of drilling fluid to formation under certain formation parameters and drilling conditions. Based on the simulated permeability results, the suction model of sampling tool is established to simulate the pumping situation, and the variation of the content of drilling filtrate in the pumped fluid with the suction time is obtained, that is, the relationship between the contamination rate of formation fluid and the suction time, This method is of great significance to the field application of fluid sampling tools while drilling.

Investigation on interlaminar properties of photopolymerizable resin repaired GFRPs during long-term acid ageing

Fiber reinforced plastics (FRPs) are extensively utilized in various applications due to their excellent comprehensive properties. However, the weak interlaminar property and durability of FRPs have been repeatedly mentioned as limitations in applications that include complex loading conditions. The remediation of FRPs has recently become a research focus for lifetime extension and strength reversion. Photopolymerizable resins, as a novel matrix material and an alternative for thermal polymerizable resins, have the advantages of short operation time, low price, and low equipment requirements. This study investigated the durability in long-term acid atmosphere exposure environment of photo and thermal polymerizable resin repaired GFRP. External glass fabric patches impregnated with the photo or thermal polymerizable resins were attached to pre-damaged fundamental specimens to conduct the remediation, followed by room temperature (RT) or UV irradiation for curing processing. The repaired specimens were positioned in the laboratory-fabricated hermetically-sealed condensation device. The 10 vol.% sulphuric acid (pH[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]0.76) was chosen as the source to generate the acidic atmosphere. The total ageing time was sustained for eight weeks (over 1300 h), and ILSS and DCB tests were performed every seven days, together with morphology observation. Better interlaminar properties retention and stability were revealed after eight weeks ageing for UV repaired specimens. The hardener is a factor that tends to increase the acid penetration rate, which is thought of as the mechanism of the better acid resistance of the UV repaired specimens.

Assessment on UV ageing of photopolymerizable resin repaired GFRPs for wind turbine blades

The photopolymerizable resin repair method was investigated for the high altitude location and harsh remediation condition of wind turbine blades, because of its short operation time and low equipment requirement. This paper demonstrates the durability under ultraviolet (UV) irradiation environment of a photo- or thermal-polymerizable resin repaired GFRP, which is the essential material for manufacturing wind turbine blades. During the experiments, the fundamental GFRP specimens fabricated by wet prepreg manufacture technique were pre-damaged, and then repaired by attaching external photo- or thermal-polymerizable resin-impregnated glass fabric patches, followed by UV curing and room temperature (RT) curing, respectively. Long-term UV ageing (over 1300 h) was conducted to repaired specimens by employing a 365 nm wavelength UV lamp. The mechanical properties, thermal properties and surface morphology were evaluated before and after ageing. The results revealed that the UV cured specimens have better mechanical properties and stability compared to RT cured specimens in UV ageing environments.

Countermeasure for Interrupted-sampling Repeater Jamming based on Fractional Fourier Transformation

Today, the interrupted-sampling repeater jamming (ISRJ) has posed a serious threat to LFM radars. In this paper, a countermeasure to suppressing ISRJ based on fractional Fourier transformation (FrFT) is presented. The echo signals, mixed with ISRJ, will be processed in FrFT of specific order, and then a narrow band filter based on parameters of FrFT is designed to extract the target signals and suppress interference signal, so as to realize the target detection. The three kinds of models of ISRJ (ISDRJ, ISRRJ, ISCRJ) are introduced; the anti-jamming principles are analyzed and simulated. The simulation results show that, the algorithm has low complexity and takes short operation time, and it is effective in low SNR or high JSR condition.