Online Education in Poverty-Stricken Counties

Education problems in remote underprivileged regions in China have long been a prominent obstacle that inhibit the development of education equality. Among all solutions, internet education has the capacity to offset against the deficiencies of unequal distribution of educational resources. Analyzing the success of online education of Lushi County in Henan offers an opportunity of establishing a relatively more equal education system.

Education Equality and Economic Growth in Indonesia

Last decade, Indonesia's economic growth experienced a downward trend. The study examines the role of investment, equality in education, poverty, income inequality, and regime to economic growth in Indonesia. We used time-series data between 1970-2017. It was obtained from BPS and World Bank (Indodapur) publications. The model used is the Weighted Least Square Regression (WLS). The results showed the factors that contributed significantly to increasing Indonesia's economic growth were education equality, poverty, and income inequality. While investment/capital, economic transparency, and the regime did not significantly contribute to increasing economic growth. Expanding access to education for high school or equivalent is important by the Government, including the development of school infrastructure in remote areas and teacher distribution. The Government should maintain the poverty trend that continues to decline. The future study dynamic models look at the long-term relationships related to education equality, distribution of income, and poverty on economic growth.

Appraisal of Steven Pinker’s Position on Enlightenment

Steven Pinker presents four ideals of Enlightenment in his popular book Enlightenment Now: The Case for Reason, Science, Humanism, and Progress. He argues his case brilliantly and convincingly through cogent arguments in a language comprehensible to the reader of the present century. Moreover, whether it is reason or science or humanism or progress, he defends his position powerfully. He justifies his views by citing 75 graphs on the upswing improvement made by humanity in terms of prosperity, longevity, education, equality of men and women, health, political freedom and medical breakthroughs. Though Pinker makes an excellent case for the positive contributions of Enlightenment; however he ignores the negative aspects that are responsible for causing a great schism between the white race and others who are black and brown. The paper highlights some of these negative comments made by such Enlightenment thinkers as Montesquieu, Voltaire, Chambers, Down and Down and others. Through their literary and scientific writings, these scholars and researchers downgraded the black and brown races, thus causing a rift that led to slavery, colonialism and apartheid. The paper reveals these negative aspects ignored by Pinker in his otherwise well-researched book on Enlightenment. Since Pinker presents a one-sided case by including only the positive contributions of Enlightenment, I recommend that he should write a sequel to his present work outlining the negative aspects responsible for numerous political, social and environmental problems facing humanity today. By using dialectical logic in place of logic of contraries, he might be able to synthesize both the positive and negative aspects of Enlightenment. He can then argue that humanity might be propelled to make progress more efficiently at a faster pace toward humanism and world peace.

GERAKAN EMANSIPASI RUHANA KUDDUS DALAM MEMPERJUANGKAN KESETARAAN PENDIDIKAN PEREMPUAN DI MINANGKABAU

<p><em>At the beginning of the 19th century in Minangkabau, women just demanding to manage the household, they are not allowed to get the appropriate education and the high position of career. Because of this unlucky condition, some women in Minangkabau made a movement out of that oppression. One of the movement's doers is Ruhana Kuddus. In order to know the affection of Rohana Kuddus’s emancipation in her struggle for women’s education equality, these are the techniques of data collection and analysis is collecting the data, the main source is Scenting Melajoe newspaper, the second sources Are interviewing, book, journal, and all of the data about Ruhana Kuddus from the internet. Then criticizing of the sources, it can be internal and external critics. After that synthetic dan writing form (historiography). The results are incentive factors are religion value, traditional value, and social value. Obstructions factors are the illiteracies, the strict of traditional rules, the views on women, the empowerment of women and women’s skills.</em></p>

How Mexican Americans Achieve Equality in K-12 Education in the United States

This article examined how Mexican Americans in the United States fought for their education equality in the K-12 public education system in the 20th century. Mexican Americas who suffered from segregated education and exclusion from administration at the beginning of last century launched legal battles, acquired administrative power and teaching positions, and conducted social activities. Their fighting enabled them to access unsegregated K-12 education. Although inequality still exists in the education system, the Mexican Americans爷endeavor for education equality is unwavering.