The clearance crisis and its impact on the GDP in Palestine between the years (1997-2019): أزمة المقاصة وأثرها على الناتج المحلي الإجمالي في فلسطين ما بين الأعوام (1997-2019)

This study aimed to analyze the revenue of clearance tax in Palestine between the years (1997-2019), and to demonstrate the impact of the clearance tax crisis on the gross domestic product in Palestine. The study relied on the descriptive and analytical approach. And used the statistical analysis program STATA and SPSS 23, the study found that there is an effect of clearance revenues on GDP, and that an increase in one unit in clearing revenues leads to an increase of 4.319 unit in GDP, and that there are no statistically significant differences in GDP between the years that a crisis occurred and the years in which there was no crisis attributed to the clearance tax, and the study recommended reformulating economic understandings with Israel, the most important of which is the Paris Economic Protocol, and try to separate economically from Israel and push for the independence of the Palestinian economy, and reducing reliance on clearance tax revenues in financing the general budget due to the control of the Israeli occupation using it as a means of pressure on the Palestinian Authority.

An Exploration of Determinants of Entrepreneurial Characteristics, Motivation, and Challenges in Palestine

Being an entrepreneur is becoming an anabranch in the business world. In addition, many young adults are preparing to be entrepreneurs in the future. Worldwide, many intellectuals view entrepreneurship as necessary to small-medium enterprises (SMEs) in general because it is critical to development. Micro, small-medium enterprises (MSMEs) are crucial in Palestine because MSMEs dominate the Palestinian economy. This study highlights the specific characteristics of entrepreneurship and the factors motivating and challenging people when starting up their enterprises in Palestine and dealing with these challenges and obstacles. The research method combines qualitative and quantitative tools, each of which was used to study relevant aspects. The qualitative tools used are interviews with the entrepreneurs in Palestine, while the quantitative tool included a designed questionnaire. The collected data was then analyzed using SPSS v 23. Findings indicated that entrepreneurs in Palestine are self-confident, passionately seeking new opportunities with a good network of professionals, patient, persistent, and determinant, and can adapt to change.  The results further highlighted that the most motivational factors behind being an entrepreneur in Palestine include being their boss and increasing income to have a better financial future. However, Lack of savings, political situation, competition, and the fear of risk associated with starting a business is the significant challenges and obstacles they face., Finally, Results indicate that gaining experience, developing business plans, managing financial resources, and motivating employees are the critical factors they have to consider. At the same time, they deal with these challenges and obstacles.

Evaluating the Effect of Covid-19 on the Palestinian Economy by Estimating the Relationship Between Economic Growth and Unemployment in Palestine

The Palestinian economy is a small and open economy that is characterized with a high level of uncertainty. The purpose of this paper is to determine the effect of COVID-19 on the economic growth in Palestine through estimating the relationship between economic growth and unemployment. We will use the GDP per capita to measure economic growth and unemployment rate in Palestine. Thus we will also look at the Palestinian labor force and determine whether the job creation is successful in absorbing the rising rates of unemployment and determine how COVID-19 will affect unemployment rates. This is an effort to study where the Palestinian economy is heading and gives suggestions of how we can avoid the convergence into a Volatility Uncertainty Complexity Ambiguity environment. The data was taken from the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics for the period from 1995 to 2018. The time series analysis indicated that a 1 percent increase in the unemployment rate will result in a 0.356 percent decrease in the GDP per capita. Given the continuation of the Israeli occupation, the Palestinian government plays the role of “crisis management”.

The Impact of Foreign Aid on Economic Growth in Palestine: An Empirical Evidence

This study examines the Impact of Foreign Aid on Economic Growth in Palestine by considering time series data of the last twenty years from (2000-2019). Foreign Aid's Impact on the Palestinian Economy explored with the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) as the dependent variable against few selected independent variables such as Foreign Aid, Remittance, Investment, Labour Force and Lagged (GDP). This study used the Partial Adjustment Model to analyze the Impact of Foreign Aid on Economic Growth in Palestine and also applied the (Chow Test) to examine whether there was a Structural Breakthrough in the Palestinian Economy. The results indicate that Foreign Aid has a positive relationship with (GDP). However, the relationship is not significant since the higher volume of Foreign Aid used in Humanitarian and Social Welfare rather than Production Activities in the real sectors. (Chow Test) shows that the relationship between Foreign Aid (GDP) has not witnessed a Structural Breakthrough in the Palestinian Economy over the past twenty years. In light of these empirical results, we suggest that Government Policy-Makers and Decision-Makers allocate this Foreign Aid to Productive Sectors and Human Capital formation (HC) activities with a special focus on capital expenditures to achieve a high rate of the country's Economic Growth and Development and to meet the periodic plan and Long-Term Development goals.

Sustainable Development of the Tourism Sector in the Palestinian Economy

The study aimed to identify the role of sustainable development of tourism in the Palestinian economy; it also aimed at identifying the various points of view of the study respondents mainly those who are involved in the tourism sector as well as other sectors. The researchers adopted an analytical descriptive approach using a questionnaire that was distributed to the sample of the study (n= 313). The results of the study showed that about 88% of the respondents called for the need for further investments in the Palestinian tourism sector. One of the most important recommendations is the need to expand the scope of promoting tourism, increase services and improve the infrastructure of the Palestinian tourism sector.

نمط الاقتصاد الفلسطيني وانعكاسه على معدلات بطالة خريجي الجامعات في فلسطين

ملخص: هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف إلى نمط الاقتصاد الفلسطيني وانعكاسه على معدلات بطالة خريجي الجامعات في فلسطين، ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة استخدم الباحث المنهج الوصفي بأسلوبه التحليلي، مستعيناً باستبانة طبقت على خريجي الجامعات الفلسطينية (الإسلامية، الازهر، الأقصى) وقد بلغت عينة الدراسة (420) خريجاً وخريجة، وذلك باستخدام طريقة عشوائية، وقد أسفرت الدراسة عن مجموعة من النتائج، أهمها أن درجة تقدير خريجي الجامعات الفلسطينية لنمط الاقتصاد الفلسطيني الداعم لحل مشكلة بطالة الخريجين جاءت بدرجة متوسطة وبوزن نسبي (67.80%)، في حين أظهرت أن درجة تقدير معدل بطالة خريجي الجامعات الفلسطينية من وجهة نظرهم جاءت بدرجة كبيرة وبوزن نسبي (69.80%)، وفي ضوء هذه النتائج اقترح الباحث مجموعة من التوصيات أهمها: استحداث تخصصات جديدة مرتبطة بسوق العمل الفلسطيني لكي يتم الموازنة بين المهنين والأكاديميين لتوفير الفرصة للجميع الخريجين للانخراط بسوق العمل الفلسطيني والعمل بما يتوافق مع احتياجات سوق العمل الفلسطيني الكلمات المفتاحية: الاقتصاد الفلسطيني – البطالة – خريجي الجامعات الفلسطينية. Abstract The study aimed to identify the pattern of the Palestinian economy and its reflection on the unemployment rates of university graduates in Palestine. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, the researcher used the descriptive method in his analytical style, using a questionnaire applied to the graduates of the Palestinian universities (Islamic, Azhar, Al Aqsa). The study sample reached (420) graduates , using a random method. The Palestinian graduates estimation of the pattern of the Palestinian economy in support of solving the problem of unemployment of graduates reached a medium and a relative weight (67.80%), while the degree of appreciation of the unemployment rate of Palestinian university graduates from their point of view came to a great extent and a relative weight (69.80%). These results were suggested. The researcher has a number of recommendations, the most important of which are: the development of new disciplines related to the Palestinian labor market in order to balance between professionals and academics to provide the opportunity for all graduates to engage in the Palestinian labor market and work in accordance with the needs of the Palestinian labor market.