THE ROLE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL SUPPORT FOR ADOLESCENTS WITH CANCER

Objectives. The aim of the study was to identify specific elements of stress for adolescents surviving cancer, and the working hypothesis was that there are statistically significant correlations between the items of the three scales used in the study. Material and methods. Between January and February 2020, 45 adolescents participated (13-18 years), 26 girls and 19 boys, in a survey in which three tests were used: Child Depression Inventory -CDI 10 items, Scale of irrationality for children and adolescents-CASI with 28 items in four subscales (Intolerance to frustration given by rules, Global self-assessment, Absolutist requirement for justice, Intolerance to frustration given to work) and post-traumatic developmental scale-SRGS with 15 items. Results. Statistically significant associations were identified between certain items from the scales used in the study and the result very highly statistically significant is given by associating item "I realized it was better to have more trust in me" with item "I learned to defend my personal rights" ( p <0.05, χ 2 t east). The interaction between the dependent variable "I learned to defend my personal rights" with the independent variables "It's awful to be wrongfully blamed by the teacher" and "There are things that bother me" through the regression model and the result was statistically significant (p <0.05, F test). Conclusions. The associations and the results obtained indicate the need for effective communication with adolescents with cancer to identify psycho-emotional needs and stress management. Keywords: cancer, depression, anxiety, adolescence, stress.

Sankofa pediatric HIV disclosure intervention did not worsen depression scores in children living with HIV and their caregivers in Ghana

Background The ‘Sankofa’ pediatric HIV disclosure study (2013–2017) was an intervention that aimed to address the low prevalence of disclosure of HIV status in Ghana. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study at the intervention site in Kumasi, Ghana, in 2019, (2 years after study closure) and administered the 21-item Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the 10-item Child Depression Inventory (CDI) to caregiver-child dyads who received the intervention. Results We enrolled 65% (N = 157) of the original dyads in the present study. Between Sankofa enrollment baseline and the present study, both children and caregivers had significant (p < 0.0001) mean reductions in CDI scores and BDI scores, respectively. CDI scores of the children were significantly correlated with BDI scores of the caregivers (r = 0.019, p = 0.019). No statistically significant associations between disclosure status and either CDI score or BDI score were found. Conclusions Our findings did not support caregivers’ fears that disclosure leads to depression. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01701635 (date of registration Oct 5, 2012).

Sankofa Pediatric HIV Disclosure Intervention Did Not Worsen Depression Scores in Children Living with HIV and their Caregivers in Ghana

Background: The ‘Sankofa’ pediatric HIV disclosure study (2013-2017) was an intervention that aimed to address the low prevalence of disclosure of HIV status in Ghana. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study at the intervention site in Kumasi, Ghana, in 2019, (2 years after study closure) and administered the 21-item Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the 10-item Child Depression Inventory (CDI) to caregiver-child dyads who received the intervention. Results: We enrolled 65% (N=157) of the original dyads in the present study. Between Sankofa enrollment baseline and the present study, both children and caregivers had significant (p <0.0001) mean reductions in CDI scores and BDI scores, respectively. CDI scores of the children were significantly correlated with BDI scores of the caregivers (r = 0.019, p = 0.019). No statistically significant associations between disclosure status and either CDI score or BDI score were found. Conclusions: Our findings did not support caregivers’ fears that disclosure leads to depression. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01701635 (date of registration Oct 5, 2012)

Sankofa Pediatric HIV Disclosure Intervention Did Not Worsen Depression Scores in Children Living with HIV and their Caregivers in Ghana

Background: The ‘Sankofa’ pediatric HIV disclosure study (2013-2017) was an intervention that aimed to address the low prevalence of disclosure of HIV status in Ghana. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study at the intervention site in Kumasi, Ghana, in 2019, (2 years after study closure) and administered the 21-item Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the 10-item Child Depression Inventory (CDI) to caregiver-child dyads who received the intervention. Results: We enrolled 65% (N=157) of the original dyads in the present study. Between Sankofa enrollment baseline and the present study, both children and caregivers had significant (p <0.0001) mean reductions in CDI scores and BDI scores, respectively. CDI scores of the children were significantly correlated with BDI scores of the caregivers (r = 0.019, p = 0.019). No statistically significant associations between disclosure status and either CDI score or BDI score were found. Conclusions: Our findings did not support caregivers’ fears that disclosure leads to depression. Trial Registration: NCT01701635 (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier)

Sankofa Pediatric HIV Disclosure Intervention Did Not Worsen Depression Scores in Children Living with HIV and their Caregivers in Ghana

BackgroundThe ‘Sankofa’ pediatric HIV disclosure study (2013–2017) was an intervention that aimed to address the low prevalence of disclosure of HIV status in Ghana.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study at the intervention site in Kumasi, Ghana, in 2019, (2 years after study closure) and administered the 21-item Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the 10-item Child Depression Inventory (CDI) to caregiver-child dyads who received the intervention.ResultsWe enrolled 65% (N = 157) of the original dyads in the present study. Between Sankofa enrollment baseline and the present study, both children and caregivers had significant (p < 0.0001) mean reductions in CDI scores and BDI scores, respectively. CDI scores of the children were significantly correlated with BDI scores of the caregivers (r = 0.019, p = 0.019). No statistically significant associations between disclosure status and either CDI score or BDI score were found.ConclusionsOur findings did not support caregivers’ fears that disclosure leads to depression.Trial Registration: NCT01701635 (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier)

Symptoms of anxiety and depression in schoolchildren with and without developmental coordination disorder

We examined whether reported higher frequencies of anxiety and depression symptoms are related to the presence of developmental coordination disorder in school-age Brazilian children. A total of 272 children were assigned to six groups according to age and motor performance. The Movement Assessment Battery for Children-Second Edition evaluated the motor performance. The Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale and the Child Depression Inventory assessed anxiety and depression symptoms, respectively. Brazilian children are at high risk for anxiety, regardless of motor performance and age. However, children with developmental coordination disorder report significantly more depressive symptomatology in 10–12 years compared to typically developing children.

Resilience levels among adolescents with ADHD using quantitative measures in a family-design study

Objectives To investigate resilience levels in adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using quantitative measures when compared to their non-affected siblings and controls. We also aimed to investigate the correlation between resilience and depression, anxiety, intelligence quotient (IQ) and socioeconomic status, which may affect resilience levels and be potential confounders. Methods Adolescents (n=45) diagnosed with ADHD referred to an outpatient ADHD clinic, and their siblings without ADHD (n=27), with ages ranging from 12 to 17 years, were interviewed along with their parents using a semi-structured interview (Children’s Interview for Psychiatric Syndromes - Parent Version). Intelligence was measured with the Block Design and Vocabulary subtests from the Wechsler Battery. Anxiety and depression were investigated using the Children State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (CSTAI) and the Child Depression Inventory (CDI), respectively. Resilience was investigated using the Resilience Scale. A control group (typically developing adolescents [TDA] and their siblings; n=39) was recruited in another outpatient facility and at two schools using the same methodology. Results Socioeconomic status and intelligence levels, which may affect resilience, were similar in all groups. Adolescents with ADHD showed lower resilience levels compared to siblings and TDA even when controlled for anxiety and depression levels, which were higher in ADHD. Resilience levels were higher in siblings than in adolescents with ADHD, and lower than in TDA – this last result without statistical significance. Conclusion In our sample, ADHD in adolescents was associated with lower resilience, even when controlled for confounders often seen in association with the disorder.

Penanggulangan depresi anak pascaerupsi Gunung Merapi melalui pelatihan permainan berbasis kearifan budaya lokal pada guru dan orang tua murid taman kanak-kanak

Child mental health is a top priority for the 2015 Indonesian National Child Program with the vision of enabling Indonesian children to grow and develop in good health, to be protected and to actively participate. The Mount Merapi eruption had a major impact on the lives of the people living nearby. Many livelihoods came to a halt, forcing some people to work as sand miners until late at night. As a result, children receive less time and attention from their mothers. The combination of traumatic events and unsuitable parenting increase the tendency for depression, a grave health problem in children. Lack of awareness among parents and teachers can cause a delay in the detection and treatment of depression in children, which will negatively affect the children’s school performance and future. This community service and research project held a training on childhood depression. Twelve teachers, 55 parents, and 55 students from Kuncup Mekar Kindergarten and Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal (ABA) Kindergarten, Cangkringan, Sleman participated in the training. The training included early detection of childhood depression, game modules based on traditional games, game equipment, and the Child Depression Inventory (CDI). The output of the training was evaluated by comparing pre-test and post-test results, as well as interviews. The tendency of depression in the participating children before and after training was assessed using CDI. After the training, the average level of knowledge on early detection and prevention of depression in children increased from 33.7 to 68.0, while the average skill level in playing traditional games increased from 43.9 to 85.2. The number of students with depression tendencies declined from 37 children (67%) to 16 (39%). Traditional game training can increase the knowledge and skills of teachers and parents of kindergarten students in tackling depression in children after the eruption of Mount Merapi.

Depresi pada Remaja: Gejala dan Permasalahannya

Less of adolescent were able to overcome some obstacles in transitional periode, many of them experienced some unpleasant events. Lack of preparedness in dealing with various problems of life, could be a factor triggered a higher risk of depression. Depression is undetectable from its occurrence, but usually known after several problems happened, following the suicide phenomenon as the third biggest cause of adolescents death in the world. The research purposed of knowing the behavior of adolescents that occurred as the depression symptom and its problems accompanied. This study used quantitative descriptive methode. New entry college students (ages 16 -18 years) participated in data collelction. Samples were hired by using purposive sampling methode. Among 230 students who assessed with Child Depression Inventory (CDI), found 17 depression students and 65 potentially depression students that participate further in this study. The results showed, there were some behaviors reflected by its most common symptoms of depression experienced by the samples, such as consider of low in self-esteem, difficulty in concentrating, lost of interest in activity, drastic weight changes, and difficulty in sleeping through the night. Furthermore, the matters attached were mostly related to body dissatisfaction, poor learning achievement, getting unpleasant treatment from others, both friends and parents, and the relationship between parents who problematic. As the problems persisted being aware of, it is expected to make parents to be more sensitive, and recognize their adolescent behaviors that might become symptoms of depression and know the events that were at risk of causing depression.