Pemanfaatan Tumbuhan Hutan sebagai Bahan Pengobatan Tradisional oleh Masyarakat Suku Dayak Meratus Kalimantan Selatan

The use of forest plants as medicinal materials is an essential part of the life of indigenous peoples, one of which is the Dayak tribe of the Meratus Mountains. This study aimed to analyze the use of plants as medicinal ingredients for the indigenous Cabai community in Patikalain Village, Hantakan District, Hulu Sungai Tengah Regency, which is part of the Meratus Mountains Dayak tribe. The method of data collection was done by semi-structured interviews. Selected respondents were determined by purposive sampling and snowball sampling techniques. Data were analyzed by tabulation matrix. There were 18 types of forest plants that were used as medicine by the indigenous people of Cabai. The most widely used plant habitats for medicinal purposes were shrubs/shrubs and trees. Roots and leaves were the most widely used plant parts in medicine. There were at least 23 diseases that could be treated with various types of plants. Forest plants were widely used for internal medicine compared to external medicine. Treatment using plant ingredients was the first alternative used by the community in medicine. If this did not work, then community members who were sick would be directed to seek treatment at the Local Health Care Unit. If modern medicine did not work, the next alternative, then additional treatment using traditional rituals, was the last option. This finding was a contribution to knowledge in the traditional medicine system of the local community.

RISK AND THE MANAGEMENT OF A HEALTHCARE UNIT – A LITERATURE REVIEW

Due to its specific nature, the provision of medical services is associated with considerable risk; and it is extremely important to diagnose and manage this same risk. Healthcare entities should be covered by appropriate instruments that reduce risk and support quality. In addition to legal regulations that must be met by entities providing such services, there are systemic solutions that are being implemented by more and more healthcare entities. The article analyses the risk that occurs in the management of a health care unit. In the first part of the article, the literature on the topic is reviewed, whereas what follows thereafter analyses risks in the management of a healthcare unit, including risk factors and risk allocation. The conclusion points to the risks which play the greatest role in the management of medical service providers; and enumerates some of the most important issues of risk management in medical entities.

Metabolically healthy obesity in a young population assisted by the Family Health Strategy in Brazil. LapARC study

Background Obesity is increasing in younger populations, and is associated with a high cardiovascular (CV) risk, however, it is not clear whether metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) may have a lower CV risk or if it is just an earlier stage of the disease. Objective To evaluate the prevalence and CV risk factors associated with MHO in a young population assisted by a Family Health Care unit in a large urban center in Brazil. Methods A cross-sectional population study for CV risk assessment in adults aged 20–50 years old from a FHC unit in Brazil. Demographic, anthropometric data and CV risk factors were recorded. All underwent office blood pressure (OBP) measurements, laboratory evaluation (lipid and glycidic profile). Obesity was defined as a BMI ≥30 kg/m2 and MHO are those who have less than 3 of the following criteria: hypertension, diabetes, total cholesterol ≥200 mg/dL, HDL<40 mg/dL (men) and 50 mg/dL (women), triglycerides>150 mg/dL and increased waist circumference. Results A total of 632 individuals were evaluated (60% female; mean age 37±9 years). The prevalence of obesity was 26%, of which 73% were classified as MHO. Obeses are older, with a higher prevalence of physical inactivity (51% vs 41%, p=0.03), hypertension (44% vs 19%, p<0.001), dyslipidemia (50% vs 36%, p=0.002) and diabetes (7% vs 2%, p=0.001) with higher systolic OBP. MHO compared to unhealthy ones are significantly younger and smoke less. Despite being obese, they have lower BMI (33.6 vs 35.2 kg/m2, p=0.02) and abdominal circumference (102 vs 110 cm, p=0.03), with lower diastolic BP. Conclusion MHO was more prevalent in this young population and seems to have a lower CV risk, however it is not clear whether these younger and less obese individuals are only at an earlier stage of the disease. Perhaps the CV diseases onset is postponed for a few years. Even so, these individuals should not be excluded from public health policies as a form of primary prevention FUNDunding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None.

The Influence of Servant Leadership and Motivation on the Service of Health Care Units in Way Kanan Regency

The results of evaluation program by The Way Kanan Health Department in late 2013 shows 47 cases of death among toddlers, 7 cases of malnutrition, 2 cases of paralysis with withered body. This might have been an indication of the presence of under-performing servants in health care units. Two of the many factors influencing their performance are leadership and motivation. This study aims to analyse the influence of servant leadership and motivation on the general performance of a health care unit in Way Kanan Regency, Lampung, Indonesia. Cross sectional approach and survey analysis method were used. 122 officers of Baradatu Health Care Unit and Pisang Baru Health Care Unit 122 people were taken as the population. The result shows significant relationship between servant leadership and motivation to the performance (p <0.05). The servant leadership variable has got the greatest influence on the accuracy of clinical decision making than the professional knowledge and behaviour with OR = 4,476. It is suggested that the District Health Office of Way Kanan Regency create: a model of servant leadership as an alternative to the existing leadership models, tighten the control on the program, and conduct more training to improve the quality of human resources and their performance at the health care units. Keywords: servant leadership, motivation, performance..

Coinfection of Chlamydia spp. and herpesvirus in juvenile farmed Siamese crocodiles (Crocodylus siamensis) in Thailand

Background and Aim: For a decade, chlamydial and herpesvirus infections have caused significant morbidity and mortality in farmed crocodiles. In September 2017, a total of 160 juvenile freshwater Siamese crocodiles (Crocodylus siamensis) with conjunctivitis/pharyngitis lesions were admitted at the Veterinary Aquatic Animal Research Health Care Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University. All crocodiles did not respond well to antibiotics or supportive treatments and died. This study aimed to detect and identify the causative agents associated with conjunctivitis/pharyngitis and fatal outcomes in juvenile farmed Siamese crocodiles. Materials and Methods: A total of 138 pharyngeal and conjunctival swabs and conjunctival scrapes were collected from live crocodiles. All swab and scrape samples were DNA-extracted and amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using Chlamydiaceae- and herpesvirus-specific primers. Tissue samples (brain, lung, liver, heart, spleen, and intestine) were collected from two representative postmortem animals. All tissue samples were processed for molecular and pathological analyses. Results: PCR examinations identified chlamydial and herpesvirus DNA in 92% (126/138) and 100% (138/138), respectively, of the tested swab and scrape samples. Of those positive samples, 79% (26/33), 67% (4/6), and 98% (97/99) of the pharyngeal swabs, conjunctival swabs, and conjunctival scrapes, respectively, were positive for both chlamydial and herpesvirus DNA. Histopathological examination indicated necrosis and mononuclear cell infiltration in the liver, kidney, and intestine of the affected animals. The intracytoplasmic accumulation of Chlamydia was randomly observed in the examined tissue sample. Moreover, the presence of chlamydial and herpesvirus DNA was also detected in the tissue samples, including the heart, intestine, brain, lung, liver, and spleen, of the affected animals by PCR. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that Chlamydia spp. detected in the juvenile Siamese crocodiles was notably different from other known species in the Chlamydia genus, while the herpesvirus detected in the crocodiles was closely related to crocodyline herpesvirus 1. Conclusion: Based on histopathological and molecular examinations, this report provided the first evidence of coinfection of Chlamydia spp. and crocodyline herpesvirus 1 in juvenile Siamese crocodiles in Thailand.

Post-COVID 19 Period: Modern State and Clinical Features

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has proven to be a major global public health crisis, as evidenced by the steady increase in re-infected patients. In spite of the fight against this infection going on for more than a year, the unpredictable consequences of COVID-19, with or without concomitant chronic diseases, are still insufficiently studied, which undoubtedly is an additional burden on the outpatient health care unit. This article is a review of the available modern literature on the features of the course and duration of the post-COVID period. More than fifteen studies have been analyzed, in which the authors evaluated the incidence of symptoms in post-COVID period and its clinical characteristics.