Time-window into the transcrustal plumbing system dynamics of Dominica (Lesser Antilles)

<p>A transcrustal mush system has been recognized beneath Dominica (Lesser Antilles) with different magma ponding zones that generated a series of pumiceous eruptions from Morne Trois Pitons–Micotrin volcano. Here, the latest, large, pumiceous eruption (Grand Fond - 24 kyrs cal BP) and four, smaller, Plinian eruptions (18-9 kyrs cal BP) are investigated. Pre-eruptive magma dynamics within the mush are unraveled through orthopyroxene phenocrysts by combining a Crystal System Analysis approach (on unzoned and zoned orthopyroxenes) and timescale estimates derived by intracrystalline Fe-Mg interdiffusion modeling. Two magmatic environments are recognized in the mush and have mixed, more or less vigorously, before the successive eruptions. Few interactions between the two magmas began 15-34 years prior to the small Plinian eruptions, but the sustained mixing occurred in the last 2 years. This contrasts with longer timescales (2-80 years) obtained for the larger eruption of Grand Fond with magmas stored deeper. These magma mixing timescales have significant implications for volcanic risk mitigation, with a growing reactivation signal that could be registered at the surface few years prior to the eruptions.</p>

Organizational Insights, Challenges and Impact of Sustainable Development in Developing and Developed Nations

While developed nations can fully explore various sustainable business models to achieve sustainability, this might not be easy for developing nations because of poor governance systems, characterized by inequality, patronage, and corruption and other challenges. This chapter evaluates organizations as developing and developed nation blocs by first providing insights on how organizations can contribute to the social and environmental sustainability, and second, by highlighting the challenges and approaches for sustainable development. The chapter further unravels the potential for both blocs to grow and achieve sustainability through technology and innovative strategies alongside the opportunities offered by having fast-growing populations and natural resources. To achieve sustainability, a twofold approach comprising the 360-organizational sustainability approaches and advanced sustainability system analysis approach is used. The key societal driving forces in both blocs for exploiting sustainable business practices are governance and institutions, technology and innovation, economy and society, population and behavior, and financing for development which can unlock sustainable business opportunities for sustainable development. To address the business climate challenges, it is inferred that organizations can achieve global sustainability by integrating sustainable production and consumption, biodiversity and ecosystem services, equity and resilience sectors to attain an environmentally and socially governed systems globally.

The Iranian policy in the Middle East: evolution and consequences

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study and analyze the Iranian policy towards the Middle East (ME) and its consequences on Egypt. Design/methodology/approach This study uses the national interest approach and system analysis approach as analytical framework. Findings Several areas are points such as pillars of the Iranian National strategy, pillars of the Iranian policy in the ME and the concept of the Iranian National Security. Originality/value Iran is one of the most important and influential regional powers in the Middle East that affects dramatically regional security and stability. The paper analyzes Iranian policy in the ME and its determinants. In this context, this study deals with the Iranian strategy and Iranian interests. It focuses on the impact of Iranian policy on Egypt and its national security from a comprehensive perspective.

Consequences of the Israeli hydro-hegemony on the Jordanian water security

Purpose This study aims to test the role of the state of occupation, represented in Israel, as one of the most significant challenges, which faces the Jordanian water security. Where Israel expands in its policy and ideology everyday its hydro-hegemony over the Jordanian waters. Hence, its acts result in negative consequences on the Jordanian water and food security, which in turn affects the Jordanian national security as a whole. Design/methodology/approach This study relied on the following two approached to tackle its problem: first: descriptive approach: the descriptive approach depends on defining the apparent features and describing their nature and the type of the relationship between its variables. It aims to achieving a better and deeper understanding on the situation of its future policies and measures. And research uses the system analysis approach to handle the subject matter. Given the influence of water on the development, Jordan, as an organic or a political and social state, takes into account the reasons and causes of development. Jordan turns into an active political state, with water as an influencing factor on it. This premise represents the core of the system analysis approach. Findings The research concluded that the Israeli theft of the Jordanian waters is the main factor in the Jordanian water crisis. If Jordan had received its usurped water rights by Israel, it could have been able to solve its water issue represented in the increasing deficit in its water balance. Therefore, the Israeli hydro-hegemony on the Jordanian water resources caused the imbalance in its water security and, in turn, caused the development process to falter in general. Originality/value The value of the research lies in the fact that it addresses the most important reasons behind the water crisis in Jordan, represented in the Israeli control over the Jordanian water resources and the research shows that the amount of water stolen by Israel is enough to solve the water crisis in Jordan.

ANALISIS LAPORAN KEUANGAN PT.BPR JATIM UNTUK MENGETAHUI KINERJA DAN KESEHATAN BANK PERIODE (2013-2015)

ABSTRACTResearch aims to acknowledge financial performance of property company listing in the BEI during period 2011-2014 if it is analyzed using financial ratio analysis with Du Pont System Analysis approach Cross Sectional. Financial ratio analysis with Du Pont System Analysis approach is an analysis to show the relationship between NPM, asset circulation, debt and ROI to determine company ROE. Type of research is kuantitatif descriptive. Data source includes primary and secondary data. Data collection technique is documentation. Based on the result of research, financial performance PT. Lippo Cikarang Tbk is quite good progress barn has show the metode of Time Series Analysis that ROI over four years in a stable condition that equel to 12,56%, 14,46%, 15,10%, 19,78% and averange ROI 2011-2014 is equel to 15,48%. And ROE 31,28%, 33,41%, 32,00%, 31,85% dan averange ROE 2011-2014 is equel to 32,14%. Thought the Cross Sectional method, the company is located above on top the average standart property company.Financial performance PT. Megapolitan Development, Tbk with ROI equel to 0,22%, 0,46%, 3,62%, 3,76% and averange ROI 2,02%. And ROE 0,38%, 0,78%, 6,09%, 7,37% dan averange ROE 2011-2014 is equel to 3,66%. Thought the the Cross Sectional, the company is located below the property industry everange. Keyword: Du Pont System, Financial Ratio, Financial performance

Scaling the Maternal and Newborn Survival Initiative (MANSI)

The infant mortality rate (IMR) and maternal mortality ratio (MMR) are unacceptably high in many parts of rural India. This article focuses on a system analysis approach to the best practices for scaling and replicating of maternal and newborn survival initiative (MANSI), a field-tested pilot program for addressing high IMRs and MMRs. A system dynamics model of the village birthing system is used to understand the resources needed for the viability of scaling or replication, is constructed and incorporated in the analysis. The MANSI program is a public and private partnership between a few key players. Implemented in the Seraikela area of India's Jharkhand state, the program has achieved a 32.7% reduction in neonatal mortality, a 26.5% reduction in IMR, and a 50% increase in hospital births, which tend to have better health outcomes for women and newborns. The authors conclude with a discussion of the prospects for and difficulties of replicating MANSI in other resource-constrained areas, not only in India but in other developing countries as well.

Sluice Safety Reliability Analysis - Application for Baovan Sluice in Vietnam

The article summarizes the irrigation works designing methods in Vietnam and other countries. While in Vietnamirrigation systemdesign method is deterministic and based on safety factors analysis, in other countries it’s popular with random design and reliability analysis. This is a modern design model and widely used in many fields in the world. Therefore, in this study, the authors presented how to develop sluice reliability calculation method under system analysis approach: definition of sluice s, problem tree, reliability functions for system simulation, calculation of reliability for works and works system, calculate reliability Bao Van sluice in Thanh Hoa province according to the introduced calculation model and proposie solutions to improve the reliability of the sluice if repaired or upgraded..

Scaling the Maternal and Newborn Survival Initiative (MANSI)

The infant mortality rate (IMR) and maternal mortality ratio (MMR) are unacceptably high in many parts of rural India. This article focuses on a system analysis approach to the best practices for scaling and replicating of maternal and newborn survival initiative (MANSI), a field-tested pilot program for addressing high IMRs and MMRs. A system dynamics model of the village birthing system is used to understand the resources needed for the viability of scaling or replication, is constructed and incorporated in the analysis. The MANSI program is a public and private partnership between a few key players. Implemented in the Seraikela area of India's Jharkhand state, the program has achieved a 32.7% reduction in neonatal mortality, a 26.5% reduction in IMR, and a 50% increase in hospital births, which tend to have better health outcomes for women and newborns. The authors conclude with a discussion of the prospects for and difficulties of replicating MANSI in other resource-constrained areas, not only in India but in other developing countries as well.