CLASSIFICATION OF TRANSFORMABLE PRODUCTS BASED ON CHANGES IN PRODUCT FORM AND FUNCTION

The sentence “form follows function” is the best expression of the relationship between form and function of a product in modern product design. This implies that the form is essential to implement the function while it should be optimized and minimized for the function. Unlike general products, transformable products are designed with the intention to change the function and form of the product according to the situation. This paper presents the types and characteristics of transformable products determined by Phase Model we introduced. We collected 147 transformable product cases and analyzed them according to the change of functions and forms in each product. As a result, we classified the transformable products into four types: partial transformable product, multi-form product, multi-function product and full transformable product. We found that each type has unique characteristics with potential to drive innovation in product design field.

Tindak Tutur Ilokusi Guru dalam Video Pembelajaran Bimbingan Belajar Daring Ruangguru

This research is led by the current Covid-19 pandemic situation, which has resulted in changes in the education system so that it requires students to study at home or use an online learning system. Many students use the Ruangguru online tutoring application to help them understand the subject matter at school. This study aims to describe (1) the form of sentence, (2) types of illocutionary speech acts, (3) the function of illocutionary speech acts, and (4) teacher’s speech act strategies. The type of research in this research is descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques in this study are listening techniques and note-taking techniques. Data analysis techniques in this study include data reduction, data presentation, and inference. The findings revealed 1) the sentence form are declarative, interrogative, and imperative, 2) the types of illocutionary speech acts are assertive, directive, expressive, and commissive, 3) the function of illocutionary speech acts is in the form of notifying, claiming, stating, speculating, concluding, showing, demanding, mentioning, opposing, ordering, inviting, asking, advising, congratulating, complaining, greeting, apologizing, and promising, 4) the speech act strategies found are direct speech act strategies and indirect. Keywords: illocutionary speech acts, learning video, tutoring, Ruangguru. Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh situasi pandemi Covid-19 saat ini yang mengakibatkan perubahan sistem pendidikan sehingga mengharuskan siswa untuk belajar di rumah atau menggunakan sistem pembelajaran daring. Siswa banyak menggunakan aplikasi bimbingan belajar daring Ruangguru untuk membantu memahami materi pelajaran di sekolah. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk menjabarkan (1) bentuk kalimat, (2) jenis tindak tutur ilokusi, (3) fungsi tindak tutur ilokusi, dan (4) strategi tindak tutur guru. Jenis penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik simak dan teknik catat. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penyimpulan. Hasil analisis data penelitian ini adalah 1) bentuk kalimat berupa deklaratif, interogatif, dan imperative, 2) jenis tindak tutur ilokusi berupa asertif, direktif, ekspresif, dan komisif, 3) fungsi tindak tutur ilokusi berupa fungsi memberitahukan, mengeklaim, menyatakan, berspekulasi, menyimpulkan, menunjukkan, menyebutkan, menentang, menyuruh, mengajak, meminta, menasihati, memuji, memberi selamat, mengeluh, menyapa, meminta maaf, dan berjanji. Keempat, Strategi tindak tutur berupa strategi tindak tutur langsung dan tidak langsung. Kata kunci: tindak tutur ilokusi, video pembelajaran, bimbingan belajar, Ruangguru

Levels of Representation and Semantic Interpretation

The nature of the relationship between sentence form and meaning has been an important concern in generative grammar from the inception of the program. Chomsky (1955) raised the question of whether transformations preserve meaning. The suggested answer was negative at that time, and the locus of interpretation was the T-marker, the entire derivational history. In the standard theory of Chomsky (1965), it was proposed, based on work of Katz, Fodor, and Postal, that Deep Structure, a level newly proposed in that work, is the locus of semantic interpretation, though it was acknowledged that quantifiers raise certain difficulties. Those difficulties, along with similar ones involving anaphoric relations, led to the Extended Standard Theory, where Deep and Surface Structure jointly input interpretation, and soon, with the advent of traces, Surface Structure alone. In subsequent models within the GB framework, the derived syntactic level of LF becomes the sole locus of interpretation. Finally, in more recent Minimalist Chomskyan work, there is argued to be no one level of LF; rather, semantic interpretation is interspersed among cyclic steps of the syntactic derivation, reminiscent of the LSLT proposal, though more restricted, and very similar to proposals of Jackendoff and Lasnik in the 1970's. I will try to sort through the motivations for these changes, focusing especially on the problem of quantifier interpretation.

The Verb Valence And Expansion Of Sentence Structure

This article gives an idea of the extension of the sentence form and the degree of valency of the verb. At the same time, the derivation that requires the syntactic form of the sentence is based on the applicative model, the applicative method is illuminated by the introduction of new morphological elements into the composition of the previous derivative at each stage of derivation. In addition, the article provides information about the types of valence theory, as well as about actants and circonstants.

Analisis Wacana Kritis Model Teun A.Van Dijk pada Surat Kabar Online dengan Tajuk Kilas Balik Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh Akibat Pandemi Covid-19

This study aimed to describe the Teun A Van Dijk's model text's dimensions in online news text discourse on Kompas.com Newspaper with the headline "Flashback to Distance Learning due to the Covid-19 Pandemic" on September 3, 2020. This study's data were speech and dialogue on the online media kompas.com, while the data source for the online newspaper kompas.com is in the form of news texts about distance learning flashbacks due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Data The data collection methods and techniques used the documentation method with the observation and note technique. In contrast, the data analysis method used the content analysis method with the Teun A Van Dijk model of critical discourse analysis approach. The results of this study indicate that the dimensions of Teun A Van Dijk's text consist of three parts, namely the superstructure, macro-structure, and microstructure measurements. The superstructure dimension is about coherence and schematic of text. The macrostructure dimension discusses thematic/topics, namely examining flashbacks or evaluating the implementation of the distance learning policy announced by the Indonesian Minister of Education and Culture. The measurements of the microstructure that found in background elements, details, intentions, presuppositions, sentence form (passive and active sentences), coherence (additive/addition coherence, causal coherence, and contrast coherence), pronouns (their pronouns and us), lexicon, graphics, and metaphors (figure of speech).

Korean Clinical Practice Guideline for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Insomnia in Adults

Objective We aim to present a clinical guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of insomnia in adults by reviewing and integrating existing clinical guidelines. The purpose of this guideline is to assist clinicians who perform evidence-based insomnia treatment.Methods We selected literature that may be appropriate for use in guideline development from evidence-based practice guidelines that have been issued by an academic or governmental institution within the last five years. The core question of this guideline was made in sentence form including Patient/Problem, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome (PICO) elements. After searching PubMed, EMBASE, and medical guideline issuing agencies, three guidelines were judged to be the most appropriately reviewed, up-to-date, and from trusted sources.Results The Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE) II tool was used to evaluate the quality of the three clinical guidelines. The final outcome of the guideline development process is a total of 15 recommendations that report the strength of the recommendation, the quality of evidence, a summary of content, and considerations in applying the recommendation.Conclusion It is vital for clinical guidelines for insomnia to be developed and continually updated in order to provide more accurate evidence-based treatments to patients.

‘Cell Division’ and ‘O Positive’

‘Cell Division’: This poem is on process, on making as a human endeavour. Wrapped in terminology, language embodies placement where the body wants to land. As language creatures, humans attempt definition without including sensory episodes of navigation, cognitive disassociations of tripped-up aural sensation, i.e. what feels good, i.e. fun. The function of the imagination in language is to question its continual evolution ‐ to grow the 'not-here' from the Self. With purposeful misspellings of text-speak, yr for your, and asking the reader to pronounce hum with extra mmms ‐ the writer interlays mouth with media to reach past the moment of the poem, past the page, to the reader's eyes, skin and body lingo, to share in the process. Titled ‘Cell Division’, as tendrils of our collective unsettling, this poem looks at choice and mobility as concurrent quadrants in the act of doing.‘O Positive’: As the unfolding of each moment presents itself, the question becomes, how much to hold onto what passes by? This poem, in its restraint and jangled incompletion, uses rhythm and meter inside the sentence form, to look at how communication travels inside the syntax of grammar. The sound of the breath as it moves through the lines, connects to the human flow referenced in the title ‐ which then connects to the ending neologism infantic, itself, a landing spot without origin.

Data Analysis on Global Stratification

This chapter will guide you through the modeling, uses, and trends in data analysis and data science. The authors focus on the importance of pictorial data in replacement of numeric data. In most situations, graphical representation of data can present the information more distinctly, informative, and in less space than the same information requires in sentence form. This chapter provides a brief knowledge about representing data to more understandable form such that any person whether layman or not can understand it without any difficulty. This chapter also deals with the software Tableau which we use to convert the table data into graphical data. This Chapter contains 11 heat maps related to the world economies and their detailed study on several different topics. It will also give light on the basics of Python Language and its various algorithm studies to compare all the world economies based on their development.

Metalinguistic conditionals and the role of explicit content

This paper aims to bridge the relationship between metalinguistic if you like as a non-propositional discourse marker and its conditional counterparts. This paper claims that metalinguistic if you like is polysemous between a hedge that denotes the speaker’s reduced commitment to some aspect of the main clause, and an optional yet potential conditional reading that interlocutors can legitimately draw on in interaction which is brought about due to the ‘if p, q’ sentence form. That is, although the metalinguistic reading is most likely obtained automatically by default, it also carries an available conditional reading that is akin to other metalinguistic conditional clauses such as if you see what I mean. Next, a semantic representation of metalinguistic if you like is developed that takes on board a characterization of conditionality that departs from lexico-grammatical conventions, such that conditionals of the form ‘if p, q’ no longer bear a one-to-one correspondence with “conditional” truth conditions. Employing a radical contextualist semantic framework in which the unit of truth-conditional analysis is not constrained to the sentence form, utterances employing metalinguistic if you like are given a semantic representation such that the if-clause does not contribute propositional content, yet they also maintain their status as conditionals as the sentence form gives rise to a potential conditional secondary meaning.