The Photograph Registration of Petri Dishes in High Quality and Image Editing of Microbiological Testing

Science is based on evidence that can be measured or observed through methodical techniques which are expressed in several ways, either quantitatively or qualitatively. The technical photograph becomes one of the most important key tools to the result’s disclosure. In the microbiological research, several pieces of evidence can be indicated with variables that are deeply related to the means of culture; pH and color variation, halo formation, overlay of structures, culture shape, among others. The employment of technical photographs, as a strategy of the experimental observation and reliable representation, is indispensable. The protocol presented here suggests the production of the photographic support in microbiological tests runs on Petri dishes, taken by a smartphone to obtain high-quality images, besides showing tools to edit images through PowerPoint. The support is composed of a paper tube with a transparent border, whose reduced light penetration avoids problems, such as the luminous reflection over the Petri dishes or the environment itself. The edition consists of the photograph variation, and in clipping and pasting on uniform backgrounds to provide further detailing. The protocol allowed a standardized photograph collection in high quality, which is ideal for a comparative portrait of microbiological behaviors. The image editing enabled a framework and greater visibility of physical and biological structures in the exhibition of photographs inside the manuscript, such as the removal of noises, background alterations, deformities or irregularities. This protocol is a tool that helps the researcher on the knowledge-obtaining process, and it is applied to different experiments or adapted into the most variable research subjects.

Cultivating Healthy Connections: Exploring and Engineering the Microbial Flow That Shapes Microbiomes

Our view of the microbial world has undergone a radical transformation over the past decade. For most of the 20th century, medical microbiological research was focused on understanding the virulent nature of disease-causing pathogens.

Opinion: The germicidal effect of ambient air (open-air factor) revisited

The term open-air factor (OAF) was coined following microbiological research in the 1960s and 1970s which established that rural air had powerful germicidal properties and attributed this to Criegee intermediates formed in the reaction of ozone with alkenes. We have re-evaluated those early experiments applying the current state of knowledge of ozone–alkene reactions. Contrary to previous speculation, neither Criegee intermediates nor the HO radicals formed in their decomposition are directly responsible for the germicidal activity attributed to the OAF. We identify other potential candidates, which are formed in ozone–alkene reactions and have known (and likely) germicidal properties, but the compounds responsible for the OAF remain a mystery. There has been very little research into the OAF since the 1970s, and this effect seems to have been largely forgotten. In this opinion piece we remind the community of the germicidal open-air factor. Given the current global pandemic spread by an airborne pathogen, understanding the natural germicidal effects of ambient air, solving the mystery of the open-air factor and determining how this effect can be used to improve human welfare should be a high priority for the atmospheric science community.

Impact of lactic acid product on quality indices of raw meat for the smoked sausages production

Conducted research pertains to technologies of animal products processing and the development of biotechnological methods for stabilizing microbial and enzymatic biological leaven for meat.Materials and Methods. The studies were conducted in the conditions of the Research Institute of Food and Animal Processing Technologies and Laboratory of Microbiological Research Methods, Department of Microbiology of Bila Tserkva National Agrarian University. Moisture retaining capacity and bacterial contamination of beef and pork were determined.Results. The effect of processing raw meat with lactic acid product – yogurt on the moisture retaining capacity was experimentally established. With the highest titratable acidity of yoghurt of 100-110 °T, the moisture retaining capacity of pork and beef was inferior to control on 2.13 and 1.29 % and amounted to 51.88 and 62.73 %. Under a titratable acidity of lactic acid beverage of 100-110 °T with total number of lactic acid bacteria on the surface of raw meat, it was 8.1×108 and 8.5×108, which prevailed samples with acidity level of 60-70 °T on 24.5 and 24.3 %.Conclusions. The results of studies have revealed the effect of processing raw meat by yogurt with different titratable acidity on moisture retaining capacity and bacterial contamination.

CENTRALIZATION OF MICROBIOLOGICAL RESEARCH AT THE REGIONAL LEVEL

The article presents a vision of the development path of the laboratory of clinical microbiology: technical reequipment of "manual" operating procedures at the research stages, introduction of the principles of standardization of the technological process, evaluation of research results. The author emphasizes the need to guide new scientific views on the problem of antibiotic resistance of microorganisms, to ensure the reliability of the results of microbiological studies.

Results of clinical and laboratory research in the complex treatment of mild chronic periodontitis us-ing photodynamic therapy

The study analyzed the results of clinical evaluation of the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy for mild chronic periodontitis, as well as clinical and laboratory evaluation of the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy for this pathology, including microbiological research. Observations were carried out for a period of up to 1 year, during which photodynamic therapy proved to be one of the most effective methods of treatment that have an antimicrobial effect, which positively affects the condition of periodontal tissues, as well as has a beneficial effect on the microbiocenosis of the oral cavity.

Opinion: The Germicidal Effect of Ambient Air (Open Air Factor) Revisited

The term Open-Air Factor (OAF) was coined following microbiological research in the 1960s and 1970s which established that rural air had powerful germicidal properties and attributed this to Criegee intermediates formed in the reaction of ozone with alkenes. We have re-evaluated those early experiments applying the current state of knowledge of ozone-alkene reactions. Contrary to previous speculation, neither Criegee intermediates, nor the HO radicals formed in their decomposition, are directly responsible for the germicidal activity attributed to the OAF. We identify other potential candidates, which are formed in ozone-alkene reactions and have known (and likely) germicidal properties, but the compounds responsible for the OAF remain a mystery. There has been very little research into the OAF since the 1970s and this effect seems to have been largely forgotten. In this letter we remind the community of the germicidal open-air factor. Given the current global pandemic spread by an airborne pathogen, understanding the natural germicidal effects of ambient air, solving the mystery of the open-air factor, and determining how this effect can be used to improve human welfare should be a high priority for the atmospheric science community.

Mechanisms of action by antimicrobial agents: A review

Microorganisms and associated conditions make up some of the world’s leading causes of death and have the potential to cause a significant societal effect during pandemic states. Despite such significance in the healthcare field, attention and funding directed towards microbiological research lags its cohorts in cancer and cardiovascular disease. In the current SAR-CoV-2 pandemic, the importance of practicing clinicians and providers to remain knowledgeable on antimicrobial therapy for their patients is higher than ever before. The scope of this review is to provide clinicians a semi-comprehensive, up-to-date understanding of the mechanisms of action among antimicrobial agents as well as key distinctions in clinical manifestations of pathogens.