Direct growth of Mn0.6Ni0.4CO3 nanosheet assembles on Ni foam for high-performance supercapacitor electrodes

Using Ni foam as a template, Mn0.6Ni0.4CO3 nanosheet assembles were synthesized by hydrothermal method and calcination treatment. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), Inductively...

Intercalation and calcination as methods to reduce expansive soil properties

The expansive ability of soil causes a series of problems in various sectors. The dominance of smectite clay minerals significantly affects expansive ability because they have an unstable interlayer structure. Cation intercalation and calcination is a treatment method that can increase the stability of the clay interlayer structure. This research investigated the effects of intercalation cations and calcination treatment on the swelling ability and cracking properties in the clay from vertisols; the cations used for intercalation were aluminum and iron. The intercalation tested doses were based on the equivalent weight of 0x, 0.5x, and 1x cation exchange capacity (CEC) clay value. The calcination treatments used were 200°C, 300°C, and no calcination. Each treatment interaction was repeated three times. Parameters observed were the total area, average crack width, average lump area, total number of lumps, moisture content, swelling volume, and pH after treatment. The results showed that each treatment had a significant effect. Clay with an Al intercalation dose of 1x CEC without calcination treatment had the highest total area after drying, which was 41.035 cm²; the lowest average crack width was 0.153 cm, and the smallest swelling volume was 3.6 cm³. In contrast, the clay without intercalation and calcination treatments had a swelling volume up to 10 cm³ on the 7^th day. The clay with an Al intercalation dose of 1x CEC with 200°C calcination exhibited the best results in reducing the expansive clay ability and can be used as a guideline for further testing to reduce the soil’s expansive ability.

Controllable preparation of one-dimensional Li1.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13O2 cathode materials for high-performance lithium-ion batteries

Li1.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13O2 rods with controllable sizes were synthesized via a co-precipitation route followed by a post-calcination treatment to improve rate capabilities.

TEKNOLOGI PEMBUATAN ADSORBEN DARI LIMBAH EKSTRAKSI BIOSILIKA SEKAM PADI

Adsorbent from lignocellulosic waste constitutes an alternative in industry due to the large amount and easy to get. The unique characteristics of activated carbon from lignocellulosic waste as well as more economically with regard to mass production were the reasons for the development of by-products of this rice husk biosilica waste. This research aimed to produce adsorbent from waste of nanobiosilica powder extraction. Calcination or treatment without impregnation) and with impregnation were applied in this study. Calcination was carried out by heating the residual waste at 600 ° C; 700 ° C; and 800 ° C; however the impregnation process was carried out by immersing the residual waste with catalysts ZnCl2, H3PO4, and KOH with ratio 1: 1 and 1: 2 for 24 hours. Subsequently, carbonisation was carried out at 600 ° C; 700 ° C; and 800 ° C for 1 and 3 hours with variations in mesh sizes of 10, 20, 80, and 100 mesh. The results showed that the waste of nanobiosilica extraction still contained high SiO2 (89.86%) so that it could be used as raw material for adsorber to apply in water purification applications. The calcination treatment showed the highest absorption as well as the area of the pore surface. The best particle size was 100 mesh and calcined at 800 ° C in which has a pore surface area meet the requirement of commercial activated charcoal, which is 15.83 m² / g.

Synthesis of the Se-HPCF composite via a liquid-solution route and its stable cycling performance in Li–Se batteries

The Se-HPCF composite was fabricated via a liquid-solution route followed by calcination treatment, and was used as a high-rate anode material for Li–Se batteries.

Heterogenization of polyoxometalates as solid catalysts in aerobic oxidation of glycerol

A series of heterogeneous catalysts LnPMo12O40 (L = Al3+, Fe3+, Cr3+, Ti4+, Zr4+, Zn2+) and HxPMo11LO39 (L = Zn2+, Cr3+, Fe3+, Al3+, Ti4+) were prepared using a simple calcination treatment and were evaluated in aerobic oxidation of glycerol.

Hydroxyapatite Production from Cuttlebone as Bone Scaffold Material Preparations

The increasing production of cuttlefish has been associated with the increasing of by-product waste particularly cuttlebone. Cuttlebone is known to contain an inorganic element in form of calcium carbonate<br />(CaCO3) which can be utilized as a source of calcium oxide (CaO) for hydroxyapatite synthesis. This study was aimed to determine the physicochemical characteristics of the cuttlebone and the optimum calcination temperature for CaO extraction and hydroxyapatite synthesis. This study was divided into three steps. Firstly, analysis of the cuttlebone physicochemical properties; secondly, extraction and characterization of the CaO with different calcination temperature (500°C, 600°C, 700°C for 6 hours); and thirdly, hydroxyapatite synthesis using a combination of hydrothermal method at 200°C 6 hours and different calcination treatments (800°C, 900°C, 1,000°C for 1 hour). The results showed that the cuttlebone contained moisture 3.54±0.11%,<br />lipid 0.32±0.19%, protein 4.78±0.23%, carbohydrate 5.29±0.02%, and ash 89.61±0.26. The main element of the ash was CaCO3 aragonite characterized by the high absorption at wavelengths of 1,795; 1,507;<br />1,083; 871; 713 and 700 cm-1. The calcination treatment of 700°C produced the highest amount of CaO. The hydroxyapatite produced with a combination of hydrothermal and calcination temperature 1,000°C<br />had calcium phosphate ratio (Ca/P) 1.66, crystalline level 90.10%, amorphous level 9.90% and particles morphology of rod-shaped.

Porous Co3O4 nanoplatelets as efficient catalyst precursor for hydrogen generation from the hydrolysis of alkaline sodium borohydride solution

For hydrogen generation from sodium borohydride hydrolysis, high-efficient catalyst precursor of porous Co3O4 nanoplatelets was successfully achieved by a combined process of hydrothermal synthesis and calcination treatment. Effects of calcination temperature on catalyst morphology and activity were mainly investigated, and the optimal condition was established. Using a reaction solution comprising 10[Formula: see text]wt.% NaBH4 and 2[Formula: see text]wt.% NaOH, the porous Co3O4 nanoplatelets exhibited a maximum hydrogen generation rate up to 19.52[Formula: see text]L[Formula: see text]min[Formula: see text] g[Formula: see text] at the temperature of 25[Formula: see text]C, which was much higher than similar Co3O4 catalyst precursors and noble metal catalysts in literature.