Diagnosis of COVID-19 Using Chest X-ray

Covid-19 is also a wide spreading infective agent disease that infects humans. A clinical study of COVID-19 infected patients has shown that these kinds of patients are square measure principally infected from a respiratory organ infection when come in contact with this disease. Chest xray (i.e., radiography) a less complicated imaging technique for identification respiratory organ connected issues. Deep learning is that the foremost undefeated technique of machine learning, that provides helpful analysis to review an oversize quantity of chest x-ray pictures which may critically impact on screening of Covid-19. Throughout this work, we have taken the PA read of chest x-ray scans for covid-19 affected patients conjointly as healthy patients. We have used deep learning-based CNN models and compared their performance. We have equate ResNeXt models and inspect their precision to investigate the model presentation, 6432 chest x-ray scans samples square measure collected from the Kaggle repository. This work solely core on potential ways of cluster covid-19 infected patients.

Application of the urine-prostate-semen test in accurate diagnosing etiologically in the patients with chronic prostatitis-like symptoms

Background: In diagnosis and differential diagnosis of chronic prostatitis-like symptoms, the prostatic secretion was considered to be the most important and even only specimen, little attention has been paid to other genital organ infections. This may be one of important factors affecting treatment effect of chronic prostatitis. Methods: We used a urine-prostate-semen test (U-EPS-S test) to collect the specimens of urine, prostatic secretion and semen from 200 patients with chronic prostatitis-like symptoms. The specimens were inoculated respectively into a suitable media culture for the bacteriological localization detection and observe the number and their distribution of colonies in each isolation culture. Results: All of the patients had an infection of the internal genital organs (infection rate = 100%). Of these, prostatic secretion positive isolation cultures were obtained in 66 cases (33%), semen positive isolation cultures were obtained in 34 cases (17%), and prostatic secretion and semen positive isolation cultures were obtained in 100 cases (50%).Conclusion: The U-EPS-S test is useful to identify the pathogens and contaminatives in isolation cultures, and accurate diagnose and differential diagnose the multiple microbial infection (MMI) and the multi-organ infection (MOI) in patients with chronic prostatitis-like symptoms.

Bromelain and its potential therapeutic effects in COVID-19-induced respiratory complications

The new viral outbreak, Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) -caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)- has started since December 2019, and it has affected the whole world during recent months. There is not any specific antiviral treatment for this highly contagious and potentially fatal disease. Numerous different kinds of medicines are used to manage the conditions and treat COVID19 patients, but we are in a tough situation, since, COVID-19 is a multiple organ infection and SARS-CoV-2 possess different and unfortunately effective pathogenic mechanisms. Bromelain, with its numerous proven medicinal properties may be beneficial for the treatment of COVID-19.

ACE2--Molecular speculations on abdominal symptoms after COVID-19 infection

There is growing evidence that the clinical manifestations of COVID-19 are not just respiratory, but also gastrointestinal symptoms. The difference of organ infection should be considered. In addition, as a key molecule mediating viral infection of cells, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) provides an important intervention means for the exploration of antivirus. This is particularly important as the pandemic intensifies.

Placental maternal vascular malperfusion affecting late fetuses development and multi-organ infection caused by SARS-CoV-2

Background: Pregnant women are susceptible to the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) and the consequences on the fetus are still uncertain. Here, we present a case of a pregnant woman with subclinical hypothyroidism and PAI-1 4G/5G mutation who was infected with SARS-CoV-2 at the end of the third trimester of pregnancy. Methods: nested PCR were performed to detect the virus, followed by ssDNA sequencing. Results: transplacental transmission of SARS-CoV-2 can cause placental inflammation, ischemia and neonatal viremia, with complications such as preterm labor and damage to the placental barrier in patients with PAI-1 4G/5G mutation. Conclusion: we show the possibility of transplacental transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infection during the last weeks of pregnancy.

Evidence for Multi-Organ Infection During Experimental Meningococcal Sepsis due to ST-11 Isolates in Human Transferrin-Transgenic Mice

The description of invasive meningococcal disease that is provoked by Neisseria meningitidis (Nm) is frequently restricted to meningitis. However, a wide panel of clinical presentations can be encountered including severe forms with intense inflammatory reaction leading to multi-organ failure. Several human factors are involved in the development of invasive infections such as transferrin, factor H or CEACAM1. In this study, we used an experimental meningococcal infection in transgenic mice expressing the human transferrin to show multi-organ infection. Mice were infected by an intraperitoneal injection of bacterial suspension (1.5 × 107 colony-forming unit/mouse) of a bioluminescent serogroup C strain belonging to the clonal complex ST-11. Dynamic imaging and histological analysis were performed. The results showed invasion of tissues by Nm with bacteria observed, outside blood vessels, in the kidneys, the heart and the brain as well as skin involvement. These data further support the systemic aspect of invasive meningococcal disease with involvement of several organs including skin as in humans. Thus, our model can be used to study severe forms of meningococcal invasive infections with multi-organ failure.

AB0588 INFECTION AGGRAVATED DECREASE OF THE LEVEL OF TH17 AND TREG CELLS AND LOW-DOSE IL-2 REBALANCED TH17/TREG IN THE PERIPHERAL BLOOD OF PATIENTS WITH IDIOPATHIC INFLAMMATORY MYOPATHY

Background:Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) are featured by a series of clinical presentation such as proximal muscle weakness, increased serum levels of creatine kinase and other muscle enzymes and involvement of other organs and systems[1, 2], which results in high morbidity and early mortality[3]. We have known the changes of the level of Th17 and Treg cells in IIM in previous studies[4-6]. However, whether infection affects lymphocyte subsets or not and whether the effect of low-dose interleukin-2 (IL-2) can be influenced by the use of immunosuppressants or not are still unclear.Objectives:The study aimed to explore the changes of lymphocyte subsets in patients of IIM with or without important organ infection, and the restoration of Th17/Treg after receiving low-dose IL-2.Methods:A total of 118 IIM patients were enrolled and classified into infection group and non-infection group based on the important organ infection. Of them, 48 cases were treated with low dose IL-2 (5.0*105IU for 5 days). The absolute number of peripheral total T, B, CD4+T, CD8+T, NK, Th1, Th2, Th17 and Treg cell subsets were analyzed by flow cytometry combined with absolute counting beads. Clinical data, laboratory examinations and the levels of peripheral lymphocyte subsets were analyzed retrospectively.Results:In these patients, especially in the infection group, the absolute number of T, CD4+T, CD8+T, NK, Th1, Th2, Th17 and Treg cells were significantly decreased as compared with that in the healthy controls, which were significantly increased by low dose IL-2 (especially Treg cells) treatment. The levels of ESR, LDH and HBDH and the ratio of Th17/Treg were significantly lower than those before IL-2 treatment (Z=-2.237, -2.083, -2.140, -3.663,P=0.025, 0.037, 0.032, 0.000). The 48 cases who received IL-2 treatment were divided into 2 groups according to whether they used immunosuppressants. There was no significant difference in the absolute number of T, B, CD4+T, CD8+T, Th1, Th2, Th17 and Treg cells, the proportion of Th17 and Treg cells and the ratio of Th17/Treg between the 2 groups (P>0.05).Conclusion:Global decrease in lymphocyte subsets was found in IIM patients, especially those who had important organ infection. A significant re-balance of Th17/Treg was observed after receiving treatment with low-dose IL-2. Furthermore, the restoration of lymphocyte subsets showed similar degree after treatment with or without immunosuppressants. Low-dose IL-2 may become a potential therapy for IIM patients. The mechanism of lymphocyte decrease in IIM is required further to study.References:[1]Clark K E N, Isenberg D A. A review of inflammatory idiopathic myopathy focusing on polymyositis[J]. European Journal of Neurology, 2017.[2]Tieu J, Lundberg IE, Limaye V. Idiopathic inflammatory myositis. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2016. 30(1): 149-68.[3]Mandel DE, Malemud CJ, Askari AD. Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies: A Review of the Classification and Impact of Pathogenesis. Int J Mol Sci. 2017. 18(5).[4]Zhang SX, Wang J, Sun HH, et al. Circulating regulatory T cells were absolutely decreased in dermatomyositis/polymyositis patients and restored by low-dose IL-2. Ann Rheum Dis. 2019 .[5]Espinosa-Ortega F, Gómez-Martin D, Santana-De Anda K, Romo-Tena J, Villaseñor-Ovies P, Alcocer-Varela J. Quantitative T cell subsets profile in peripheral blood from patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: tilting the balance towards proinflammatory and pro-apoptotic subsets. Clin Exp Immunol. 2015. 179(3): 520-8.[6]Feng M, Guo H, Zhang C, et al. Absolute reduction of regulatory T cells and regulatory effect of short-term and low-dose IL-2 in polymyositis or dermatomyositis. Int Immunopharmacol. 2019. 77: 105912.Acknowledgments:Thanks for the support of my teachers, classmates and my family.Disclosure of Interests:None declared