Impact of Road Network Topology on Public Transportation Development

Planning of road networks is fundamental for public transportation. The impact of road network density on public transportation has been extensively studied, but few studies in this regard involved evaluation indicators for connectivity and layout of road networks. With 29 cities in China as the study cases, this paper quantifies the layout structure of the road network based on the network’s betweenness centralization and establishes a multivariate linear regression model to perform regression of the logarithm of the frequency of per capita public transportation on betweenness centralization. It is found in the present work that there is a significant correlation between the layout structure of an urban road network and the residents’ utilization degree of public transportation. A greater betweenness centralization of the urban road network, namely a more centralized road network, means a higher frequency of per capita public transportation of urban residents and a higher degree of the residents’ utilization of public transportation. In the development of public transportation, centralized and axial-shaped layout structures of road networks can be promoted to improve the utilization of public transportation.

Integral Layout Optimization of Subsea Production Control System Considering Three-Dimensional Space Constraint

The subsea production control system, characterized by a complex and diverse structure and high cost, is one of the essential parts of a subsea production system. The rational layout of the subsea production control system is essential to reduce development costs and ensure safe production in offshore fields. Most previous studies on layout design in offshore fields have focused on the oil- and gas-gathering system. However, the layout of the subsea production control system has not thoroughly been researched to date and the seabed terrain and integral optimization have rarely been discussed. This paper focuses on the multi-layer star structure and multi-layer star-tree structure, two common layout structures of subsea production control systems, and establishes the corresponding model with obstacle and seabed terrain conditions. Obtaining the lowest possible total cost was the aim of the model. A hybrid algorithm combining the adaptive mutation particle swarm algorithm and the A-star algorithm was applied to integrally optimize the subsea distribution unit and umbilical touch down point positions, the pipe connection topology and pipe routes. The practicality of this approach is demonstrated by designing a layout with one FPSO and 22 subsea control modules. The results indicate that the multi-layer star-tree layout structure has a lower total cost compared to that of the multi-layer star layout structure. In addition, the results were compared with a case that ignores the seabed terrain, indicating differences in the total construction cost. This method provides engineers with quantitative references and reliable cost estimates to make decisions regarding the layout of the subsea production control system.

The impact of social interaction on the leftover space

With the rapid economic development, the original layout structure and spatial functions of the city have been affected. The purpose of this paper is to stimulate the potential and vitality of space through social interaction based on the analysis of activity behavior and traffic travel. Through communication in the existing leftover space, a living community with the purpose of spatial emotional connection is established or reconstructed. The social habits of residents have also undergone many adjustments and reorganizations. In this way, the degree of connection between people and space is deepened, to guide the public to actively participate in the adjustment of the characteristics of leftover space and space optimization, broaden the application boundary of space.

The activation of industrial heritage: Transformation in the Petite Ceinture

The development of the social economy has led to the reorganization of the original layout structure and spatial functions of the city. Based on the development background of the Petite Ceinture railway space, this article conceives the attribute transformation and activation method of this industrial heritage. The proposed methodology, applied to the leftover spaces in Paris: integrating the biodiversity; softening the boundary; setting up installations. This paper investigates the relationship between the vitality of leftover space and the texture of the cities. It is proposed to try to reconnect the leftover space with the city through a multi-dimensional system corresponding to the diversified space and make good use of its unique location and internal potential.

Modeling and Simulation-Based Layout Optimization for Tolerance to TID Effect on n-MOSFET

In the present study, the layout structure of an n-MOSFET, which is vulnerable to radiation, was designed in a different way to enhance its tolerance to radiation. Radiation damage assessment was conducted using modeling and simulation (M&S) techniques before actual semiconductor process fabrication and radiation tests to verify its tolerance properties. Based on the M&S techniques, the role of each layer was determined to improve the radiation tolerance of semiconductors, and the layout design of an n-MOSFET with enhanced radiation tolerance was optimized. The optimized radiation-tolerant n-MOSFET design was implemented in the 0.18-um CMOS bulk process, and radiation exposure tests were conducted on the device. A cumulative radiation dose up to 2 Mrad(Si) was applied to verify its radiation-tolerant performance. Developing new devices using M&S techniques for radiation damage assessment allows reliable estimates of their electrical and radiation-tolerant properties to be obtained in advance of the actual manufacturing process, thereby minimizing development costs and time.

Improved layout structure with complexity measures for the Manufacturer’s Pallet Loading Problem (MPLP] using a Block approach

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to study the Manufacturers pallet-loading problem (MPLP), by loading identical small boxes onto a rectangle pallet to maximise the pallet utilization percentage while reducing the Complexity of loading.Design/methodology/approach: In this research a Block approach is proposed using a Mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model that generates layouts of an improved structure, which is very effective due to its properties in grouping boxes in a certain orientation along the X and Y axis. Also, a novel complexity index is introduced to compare the complexity for different pallet loading, which have the same pallet size but different box arrangements.Findings: The proposed algorithm has been tested against available data-sets in literature and the complexity measure and graphical layout results clearly demonstrate the superiority of the proposed approach compared with literature Manufacturers pallet-loading problem layouts.Originality/value: This study aids real life manufactures operations when less complex operations are essential to reduce the complexity of pallet loading.

Fault Isolation using Layout Pattern Analysis

Many fabless customers do not share the design information such as LEF/DEF (Library Exchange Format and Design Exchange Format), design netlist, and test program information with foundries because they contain proprietary IP. Determining the root-cause of defects on such products only based on Sort test results and no scan diagnostics [1] for logic chips can be quite challenging. This paper presents a new layout pattern analysis methodology to isolate the failing weak layout structure using only the sort test results and the product GDS layout.

Implementation of irreversible mechatronic manipulators in additive technologies

The features of the structural and functional design of non-reversible mechatronic manipulators in additive technologies are considered. Keywords; mechatronic manipulator, irreversible layout structure, management, operating system, rapid prototyping, design algorithm. [email protected]