Batalhando com Espadas e Escudos: uma Análise Semântica do Paradoxo entre Pertencimento e Desempenho em uma Cooperativa

This study aimed to understand how the semantic analysis of the process of (re)construction of organizational narratives can help a cooperative to manage paradoxical goals. We performed a single case study based on in-depth interviews with 47 employees, non-participant observations, and document analysis in a Brazilian credit cooperative. Our results showed that individuals may tell stories to influence others’ sensemaking of “what is going on here.” When such stories show semantic fit with the linguistic organizational context, they become able to shape others’ sensemaking. As different and competitive stories can coexist, they can reflect both polarized (e. g., “we are financial-centered” versus “we are social-centered”) and paradoxical self-definitions (“we are financial-and-social-centered”). Thus, the semantic element of organizational narratives not only highlights the dialogical nature of organizations but also their paradoxical nature.

Battling with Swords and Shields: a Semantic Analysis of the Paradox of Belonging and Performing in a Cooperative

This study aimed to understand how the semantic analysis of the process of (re)construction of organizational narratives can help a cooperative to manage paradoxical goals. We performed a single case study based on in-depth interviews with 47 employees, non-participant observations, and document analysis in a Brazilian credit cooperative. Our results showed that individuals may tell stories to influence others’ sensemaking of “what is going on here.” When such stories show semantic fit with the linguistic organizational context, they become able to shape others’ sensemaking. As different and competitive stories can coexist, they can reflect both polarized (e. g., “we are financial-centered” versus “we are social-centered”) and paradoxical self-definitions (“we are financial-and-social-centered”). Thus, the semantic element of organizational narratives not only highlights the dialogical nature of organizations but also their paradoxical nature.

Fenomena Arab Spring dalam Wacana Qatar Debate

<p><strong>This article aims to describe the Arab Spring phenomenon through critical discourse analysis of the Qatar Debate. This research is a qualitative descriptive study with the note-taking method. The results of the study show that the structure of the discourse contained in the Qatar debate consists of several structures. First, the macrostructure that contains thematic elements or general themes, namely about ‘Arab Spring has failed’. Second, is the superstructure which contains schematic elements referring to the system and the rules of the game in the turn of speech. Third, the microstructure contains elements of semantics, syntax, stylistics, rhetoric, and metaphors. The semantic element of the Qatar debate shows the uses of language that aims to rever to connotative meanings. Syntactically, the Qatari debaters are dominant using active sentence patterns and noun sentences (jumlah ismiyah). From the stylistic aspect, both teams have their own style of language, as the pro team uses a lot of declarative styles while the counter team tends to use an interrogative style. The rhetorical and metaphorical elements are used a few times but not in large portions. This study also shows the different views of the two teams from two countries that represent the social views of the people in their respective countries towards the Arab Spring phenomenon.</strong></p><p><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong> – <em>Arab Spring, Critical Discourse Analyst, Qatar Debate</em></p>

FUNCTIONAL AND TYPOLOGICAL FEATURES OF TITLES

The functional and typological features of titles are investigated. It is found out, that due to the use of titles in modern texts, the following main functions of the titles are distinguished: informative, nominative, advertising, expressive, evaluative, integrative, compositional. Titles can be classified depending on the numeber of elements of the text they express. On this basis unidirectional and complex titles are highlighted. It is exposed, that from the point of informing titles are divided into the following categories: that fully inform about one or another element of the text, clear to reading publications (fully informing titles); titles-signs of semantic element, that only signal about it (dotted titles); titles, that inform about the meaning, that verbally is not expounded in text, but entered to the implication and titles, that become clear only after reading of the text and perceived retrospectively.

Living canonicity: a possible example of modernity (on the material of the novel "Radio Night" by Yu. Andrukhovych)

The article states that the entire creative path of Yu. Andrukhovych is connected with the process of creating the canon of the postmodern novel in Ukrainian literature. The work systematises updated by the writer in his novels of the 1990s — 2000s components of the genre canon, such as parodying the flaws and contradictions of modern civilization, the multiplicity of choices in every life situation, performativity as a means of communication, openness and no boundaries to depict any aspect life, programmatic violation of stereotypes and taboos, demonstration of linguistic and stylistic virtuosity, polygenre and genre pastisation, buffoonery of the genre, fragmentary and collage of structure, the widest cultural erudition and free play of tradition, scriptness (theatricality or cinematography) of life, multi-layeredness and diversity of narrative deployment. The article clarifies which aspects of postmodern poetics are actualized and developed by Yu. Andrukhovych in the novel „Radio Night”. Traditional and innovative genre-creating strategies are identified, which testify to the transformation and continuation of the modern canon of the postmodern novel, namely: interludes-recordings of radio broadcasts, reportage, musical fragments as a semantic element, cultural codes with hidden meaning, elements of utopia, anti-utopia, the use of intergeneric synthesis. The range of new themes and motives for Yu. Andrukhovych's novels is outlined, among which are the theme of political persecution and physical violence with irreversible consequences, the theme of big unexpected money, the esoteric understanding of existence as a sequence of earthly incarnations, the reception of the Gydnosty Revolution in the West, the theme of prison life, hybrid war as well. It was found that in the novel „Radio Night” by Yu. Andrukhovych, despite allegations of limited poetic features, secondary to himself, a number of new topics were developed, a range of new text-creating and genre-creating tools were used, that proves the consonance of the work with current events in modern life.

Intermediality and the City Text: Towards an Analysis of a “City Picture”

This paper attempts to examine a specific type of text, called the “city picture”, by use of intermedial methodology. Firstly, it distinguishes between the “city text” and the “city picture”: the latter is understood as a particular type of urban text, which structural and semantic element is represented in a text, or its fragment, by the image of the city. The urban text is defined as both a system of signs (“the city as text”, in a semiotic perspective) and as a semantically connected group of texts about the city. Then follows an analysis of the main approaches to the intermedial study to identify the tools for further work. The prerequisites for the study of the urban text in the perspective of intermedial approach are the interdisciplinary nature of the urban text and the inclusion of the visual component both in the concept of the “city picture” itself and in the selected texts. On the example of the works Ch. Baudelaire, A. Bertrand, L.-S. Mercier, É. Verhaeren, G. Rodenbach the author tries to analyze different types of intermedial connections that the “city picture” can create. This includes an analysis of the relationships between literature and painting in selected works, then in the illustrated editions, as well as a “reverse” medial transition into the field of visual art. In the end it concludes that the described approach is applicable for the analysis of urban texts.

Another look at Syntactic Analysis of Hausa Verbs from Wallace Chafe’s Semantic Structure Form Perspective

For several decades, linguists have arrived at the conclusion that semantic structure is the area in which the well-formedness of sentence is determined in all natural languages. Over these years, the issue of semantic structure in syntactic analysis of Hausa verbs takes a back-seat in the Hausa language research despite the centrality of verb as category that determines the organization of the rest categories of the sentence. The present paper employs Wallace Chafe’s semantic structure theory to analyze Hausa sentences that were generated from the Parsonian seven grades of Hausa verbs to justify their structural consideration within semantic structure theory which specifies verb semantically in term of their semantic units that include states, processes and actions. The findings of paper indicate that the semantic formation rules govern the configuration of the basic semantic element in well-formed ‘semantic structure’ underlying the sentence of the language in which verbs dictate the selection of accompanying nouns and of the relations which such nouns bear to verbs.

Methodical Approach to a Literary Character

A literary character is a structural and semantic element of the whole literary work. Depending on the point of view from which it is observed, the dominant spiritual-scientific background and the genre in which it appears, a literary character is also called a hero, character, figure, agent or actor. It is an instance of a literary text that is one of the structural elements of a literary work, but at the same time it is an independent system.The terms "literary character" and "character" are often identified, but at the same time differences are discerned in the context of the use of these terms. In this sense, the character is generally understood as a broader concept, while the character is attributed to people where a certain individuality and relative stability in change is assumed.The vagueness of the term character is conditioned by its general use in everyday speech in the ethical and psychological sense as a positive or negative definition of an individual and a description of his certain mental characteristics primarily those related to attitudes, emotional relationships and motivations. It is precisely this use of the term character in everyday speech, in the teaching of literature, that makes the term itself close and topical to students. Therefore, character as a structural part of a literary work is often imposed as a starting point for the interpretation of a literary work in the teaching of literature. However, this vagueness of the notion of character in the traditional analysis of character in literary works is reflected in the way that the characters of a literary work are often reduced to an assessment of their ethical attitude or attention is paid to whether it is a positive or negative character. In this way, the fictionality of a literary character is lost sight of as a phenomenon that exists exclusively in a literary work that only "gives" it ethical properties and psychological characteristics. Unlike traditional literary-scientific analysis, the newer science of literature in character analysis regularly focuses on the process of characterization, which has had a significant positive effect on the methodological approach to the literary character in the teaching of literature.

The 6th International Scientific Conference Creativity as a National Element: the Role of Individuality in the Framework of Creative Activities in the 21st Century

From June, 30 to July, 2 2020 the 6th International Scientific Conference Creativity as a National Element: the Role of Individuality in the Framework of Creative Activities in the 21st Century took place in a novel on-line format. The event was organized by the Faculty of Humanities of the St. Petersburg State University of Economics in cooperation with the Department of Philosophy of MGIMO University, the Russian Philosophical Society and the Society of Russian Philosophy at the Ukrainian Philosophy Foundation. Researchers from Voronezh, Orel, Samara, Cheboksary, Chelyabinsk, Moscow and St. Petersburg, as well as from Serbia, Slovakia and Ukraine took part in the sessions. Those were: Psychological and Pedagogical Aspects of Creative Activity in Modern Educational Space, The Semantic Element of Artistic and Aesthetic Creativity, Metaphysical Foundations of the Creative Process. A range of papers and presentations were dedicated to various aspects of creativity in connection to modern issues of authority and society, information and transculturalism, legal consciousness and language, among which one should highlight those presented by MGIMO University scholars. Both the prognostic character of the topics in discussion and its format proved urgent and suitable amid the unfavorable epidemiological situation with its unpredicted effects.

The Aspect of “Time” in an Artistic Work (on Selected Examples of Polish Conceptual Art, Own Work and Student Works)

Attempting to visualize concept of “time” has a great tradition in contemporary art, in particular in conceptual art in the 20th century. The starting point for that consideration are conceptual activities in Polish contemporary art and their influence on the didactic program of teaching photography – the topics and selections taken for the visual structure of the work. Discussion on the example of selected works of Polish conceptual art of the 20th century, including the effects of the didactic process of the Photography and Multimedia Activities Studio that I run at the Academy of Fine Arts in Łódź. As a part of research and didactic observations, for many years students have been given the task of creating a visual work that shows the passage of time. The selection of photographic pictures and the method of working should be treated as an attempt to create a personal commentary on the surrounding reality. Students are choosing a theme, planning and recording over for a long period of time, for example a few weeks or months, the natural variability of the motif with particular emphasis on the type of light resulting from the time of day and the environment. The collections are presented in the form of a slide show, and the rhythm of the appearing photographs can be variable, consciously used as an additional artistic element. In the initial phase, the students discuss the selected issue and chosen artistic convention, while the technique and artistic form are free. In my own artistic work, too, the aspect of the “time” is an important factor. In many art works and art projects it is an important semantic element. Years later, I return to the same themes or places to reinterpret them and relate to the past. It concerns both the topic, issues and the composition of the visual implementation. Examples of artistic projects implemented over many years are cycles regarding the identity of the home city, for example “Postcards from Łódź”, “genius_lodzi” or “The Origin”.