land consumption
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2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 778
Author(s):  
Francesco Botticini ◽  
Armands Auzins ◽  
Peter Lacoere ◽  
Odette Lewis ◽  
Michela Tiboni

The paper aims to explore the possibilities to enhance the efficiency of land use, considering the evolution of land take (LT), and proposes the use of public value capture (PVC) instruments in selected differently experienced countries. This answers two fundamental questions. How is the concept of LT positioned in relation to the environmental policy of Europe? Which PVC instruments could stimulate more efficient land use? The aim of this article is to identify which tools can guide the transformations of the urban environment by promoting more efficient land use. These tools have been identified in the mechanisms for capturing value as they can pursue the goal of a more attractive net LT. For these reasons, the article initially analyzes the spread of the problem of land consumption, at a European level, showing how this phenomenon is very diversified not only between individual states, but also within each nation. In addition, the knowledge system to define the main initiatives and actions aimed at orienting urban development in the direction of reducing land consumption is highlighted. Subsequently, the theoretical framework concerning the issues relating to the capture of public value in urban planning operations is illustrated. The case studies representing the various European contexts are then introduced, and for each case the dynamics of urban development were analyzed. It has been done in relation to the evolution of the regulatory apparatus of territorial governance and its transformations. On the basis of this analysis, indicators have been defined. Their goal is to allow comparing the results that emerged from the case study analysis, which would otherwise have been inconsistent. In this way, it is possible to demonstrate how land use is more efficient in countries where PVC tools are used systemically and how these tools make it easier to guide urban transformations in line with the principles of sustainable development.


2022 ◽  
Vol 217 ◽  
pp. 104284
Author(s):  
Andreas Rienow ◽  
Lakshmi N. Kantakumar ◽  
Gohar Ghazaryan ◽  
Arne Dröge-Rothaar ◽  
Sarah Sticksel ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 1245-1251
Author(s):  
P. Morano ◽  
F. Tajani ◽  
C. , Guarnaccia ◽  
D. Anelli

In order to support the decision-making process related to the reduction of land consumption into the urban regeneration interventions, the present research has the aim to define and propose a goal programming-based model that can be adopted for the negotiation phases of public and private subjects involved. In particular, the proposed model can provide for a range of feasible scenarios that, according to the specific purposes of the Public Administration, can be implemented in order to achieve the financial, environmental and social level of sustainability targets set by the Agenda 2030. In this way even the private entrepreneur can verify his personal convenience to participate in the investment. Furthermore, the possibility provided by the model to choose a different combination of urban parameters that define the convenience of interventions before their implementation, could reduce the increasingly significant problem of badly concluded interventions, interrupted because they lack an effective ex ante evaluation.


Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Paolo De Fioravante ◽  
Andrea Strollo ◽  
Francesca Assennato ◽  
Ines Marinosci ◽  
Luca Congedo ◽  
...  

The study involved an in-depth analysis of the main land cover and land use data available nationwide for the Italian territory, in order to produce a reliable cartography for the evaluation of ecosystem services. In detail, data from the land monitoring service of the Copernicus Programme were taken into consideration, while at national level the National Land Consumption Map and some regional land cover and land use maps were analysed. The classification systems were standardized with respect to the European specifications of the EAGLE Group and the data were integrated to produce a land cover map in raster format with a spatial resolution of 10 m. The map was validated and compared with the CORINE Land Cover, showing a significant geometric and thematic improvement, useful for a more detailed and reliable evaluation of ecosystem services. In detail, the map was used to estimate the variation in carbon storage capacity in Italy for the period 2012–2020, linked to the increase in land consumption


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 13518
Author(s):  
Chaopeng Li ◽  
Guoyin Cai ◽  
Zhongchang Sun

Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) target 11.3 is to enhance inclusive and sustainable urbanisation and capacity for participatory, integrated, and sustainable human settlement planning and management in all countries by 2030. Within that goal, the indicator SDG 11.3.1 is defined as the ratio of land consumption rate to population growth rate (LCRPGR). This ratio is primarily used to measure urban land-use efficiency and reveal the relationship between urban land consumption and population growth. The LCRPGR indicator is aimed at representing overall urban land-use efficiency. This study added compactness, urban expansion speed, and urban expansion intensity to better reflect the impact of built-up area changes on the overall urban land-use efficiency. In addition, this study combined LCRPGR and the land consumption per capita rate (LCPC) to comprehensively analyse the relationship between land consumption and population growth in existing built urban areas, expanded built urban areas, and total built areas. This study employed three years of urban built-up and population data for 2010, 2015, and 2020 for 338 cities along the Belt and Road region to analyse land-use efficiency. The results show that the average LCRPGR for the period 2010–2015 was 1.01, which is close to the recommended ideal LCRPGR value of 1.0 in the United Nations Human Settlements Programme. For 2015–2020, the LCRPGR was 0.71, indicating that the overall urban land consumption in the study area decreased. This is also supported by the fact that the urban expansion intensity in 2020 was weaker than that in 2015. In addition, according to research on the tendency of changes in the entire urban built-up area, the smaller the urban population, the slower the urban expansion speed, the smaller the compactness, and the increasingly complex the urban borders. In cities where the overall LCRPGR is far from the ideal value of 1, the entire built-up area is divided into existing and expanded urban regions. It was found that the average LCPC value in expanded built-up areas was higher than that of existing built-up areas, showing that as cities developed, the LCPC of the newly developed urban areas was greater than that of existing built-up areas. Meanwhile, the LCPC in the expanded built-up areas showed a decreasing trend over time from 2010 to 2015 to 2020, indicating that land use in the expanded built-up regions tended to be efficient. These findings provide helpful information in decision making for balancing urban land consumption with population growth.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 11375
Author(s):  
Maren Schnieder ◽  
Chris Hinde ◽  
Andrew West

Regulating the curbside usage of delivery vehicles and ride-hailing services as well as micromobility has been a challenge in the last years, a challenge which might worsen with the increase of autonomous vehicles. The contribution of the research outlined in this paper is an evaluation method of the land use of on-demand meal delivery services such as Deliveroo and UberEats. It evaluates the effect parking policies, operating strategy changes, and scheduling options have on the land consumption of bicycle couriers and sidewalk automated delivery robots (SADRs). Various operating strategies (i.e., shared fleets and fleets operated by restaurants), parking policies (i.e., parking at the restaurant, parking at the customer or no parking) and scheduling options (i.e., one meal per vehicle, multiple meals per vehicle) are simulated and applied to New York City (NYC). Additionally, the time-area requirements of on-demand meal delivery services are calculated based on GPS traces of Deliveroo and UberEats riders in two UK cities. The simulation in the paper shows that SADRs can reduce the time-area requirements by half compared with bicycle couriers. The effect of operating strategy changes and forbidding vehicles to park at the customer’s home is small. Delivering multiple meals in one tour halves the time-area requirements. The time-area requirements based on GPS traces is around 300 m2·min per order. The study allows policymakers to learn more about the land use of on-demand meal delivery services and how these can be influenced. Hence, they can adjust their policy strategies to ensure that on-demand meal delivery services are provided in a way that they use land effectively, reduce external costs, improve sustainability and benefit everyone.


Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1044
Author(s):  
Ines Grigorescu ◽  
Cristina Dumitrică ◽  
Monica Dumitrașcu ◽  
Bianca Mitrică ◽  
Costin Dumitrașcu

Urban development and changing the patterns of industry and agriculture had caused the foremost spatial and functional transformations of the post-communist period in Romania. These changes have resulted in increased land consumption, often including the reuse of abandoned or non-residential built-up areas (e.g., industrial, agricultural). By integrating spatial and statistical data, the current analysis has revealed as key features: spatial shrinkage, fragmentation, functional diversification, tertiarization and change of patterns. Using a functional change matrix, five main (re)use types have been identified and quantified: maintenance, conversion, replacement, abandonment, and demolition. Overall, between 1990 and 2018, over 50% functional losses have been recorded.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 8848
Author(s):  
Shokhrukh-Mirzo Jalilov ◽  
Yun Chen ◽  
Nguyen Hong Quang ◽  
Minh Nguyen Nguyen ◽  
Ben Leighton ◽  
...  

Humans are moving into urban areas at an accelerated pace. An increasing urban population fuels urban expansion and reduces nearby agricultural lands and natural environments such as forests, swamps, other water-pervious areas. Unsustainable development creates a disproportion between the growth of urban areas and the growth in urban population. The UN SDG indicator 11.3.1 specifically addresses the issue of the measurement of land-use efficiency. While the metric and methodology to estimate the indicator are straightforward, it faces problems of data unavailability and inconsistency. Vietnam has a record of tremendous economic growth that has translated into more urban settlements of size. Consequently, rural population movement into urban areas has led to many urban sustainable planning and development challenges. In the absence of previous work on estimating land-use efficiency in Vietnamese cities, this study makes the first attempt to examine land-use efficiency in Ha Long, one of the country’s fast-growing cities in recent decades. We mapped land use from high-resolution Landsat imagery (30 m) spanning multi-decadal observations from 1986 to 2020. An advanced machine learning approach, the Support Vector Machine algorithm, was applied to estimate the built-up area, which, by integration with census data, is essential for calculating SDG indicator 11.3.1. This study shows that the land-use efficiency metric was positive but small at the beginning of the considered period but increased in 2000–2020. These results suggest that before 2000, the urban land consumption rate in Ha Long was lower than the population growth rate, implying denser urban land use. The situation changed to the opposite when the urban land consumption rate exceeded the population growth rate in the past two decades. The study’s approach is applicable to regional and district levels to provide comparative analyses between cities or parts of a region or districts of the city. These analyses are valuable tools for assessing the impact of local urban and municipal planning policies on urban development.


2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiping Jiang ◽  
Zhongchang Sun ◽  
Huadong Guo ◽  
Qihao Weng ◽  
Wenjie Du ◽  
...  

AbstractThe sustainability of China’s rapid urbanization is of significance in the implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Here we integrated Earth observation and census data to estimate the relationship between land, population and economic domains of urbanization in 433 cities over 25 years using land use efficiency indicators. We find that the rise in ratio of land consumption to population growth rates (LCRPGR) was paralleled by a decline in ratio of economic growth to land consumption rates (EGRLCR). LCRPGR and EGRLCR of cities in Northeast China showed an abnormal and intense dynamics compared to other regions, suggesting that the northeastern region is more vulnerable to socioeconomic and environmental changes. The spatial expansion of superlarge cities in Central China may be unrestrained and should be the focus of strengthened regulations now and in the near future. The resource-dependent cities faced severe challenges for more effective actions of both economic transformation and population migration. Nonetheless, the gap of land use efficiency indicators between different income groups of the cities has been narrowed between 1990 and 2015, indicating that the evolution of urbanization in China is heading toward a more sustainable and coordinated process.


Author(s):  
Debora Agostini ◽  
Fabio Lucchesi ◽  
Francesco Monacci ◽  
Fabio Nardini ◽  
Massimo Rovai ◽  
...  

In the contemporaneity, the issues of land or soil consumption and of the protection of areas that, within the urban areas, provide ecosystem services (ESs) is becoming increasingly important also in relation of the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals. The concept of "Ecosystem Service" appears, in this respect, a fruitful support to define the land consumption effects on the loss of functionality and of settlement quality. Following this considerations the paper presents the first results of a research developed in Tuscany and commissioned by the Regional Government. The research aims to measure the loss of ESs in connection with land use / land cover transformations, and to verify the contribution of soil consumption to these variations. The research use methodologies for elaborating of the geographical data required for territorial governance, LUCL 2010/2016 and Land Cover Flow (LCF) model and the theoretical model of the “Capacity matrix” to provide ecosystem services.


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