Cryptography in Hierarchical Coded Caching: System Model and Cost Analysis

The idea behind network caching is to reduce network traffic during peak hours via transmitting frequently-requested content items to end users during off-peak hours. However, due to limited cache sizes and unpredictable access patterns, this might not totally eliminate the need for data transmission during peak hours. Coded caching was introduced to further reduce the peak hour traffic. The idea of coded caching is based on sending coded content which can be decoded in different ways by different users. This allows the server to service multiple requests by transmitting a single content item. Research works regarding coded caching traditionally adopt a simple network topology consisting of a single server, a single hub, a shared link connecting the server to the hub, and private links which connect the users to the hub. Building on the results of Sengupta et al. (IEEE Trans. Inf. Forensics Secur., 2015), we propose and evaluate a yet more complex system model that takes into consideration both throughput and security via combining the mentioned ideas. It is demonstrated that the achievable rates in the proposed model are within a constant multiplicative and additive gap with the minimum secure rates.

The Table of Grammar: Lqr't as Test Case

Biblical Hebrew lqr't is situated at the intersection of grammatical categories as a content item and a function word. The analysis of any given token is confounded by this diversity and its variously encoded denotations: the infinitive construct “to meet” and the polysemous prepositions, the directional TOWARD and the adversative AGAINST. The usage in Exodus 14:27 (wmsrym nsym lqr'tw) prompts a number of different analyses. Interpretations include: hoi de aigyptioi ephygon hypo to hydor (LXX); wmsry' -'rqyn lqwblh (Peshitta); fugientibusque Ægyptiis occurrerunt aquæ (Vulgate); “the Egyptians fled at its approach” (NJPS); “the Egyptians fled before it” (NRSV); and “the Egyptians were fleeing toward it” (NIV). This study examines lqr't by comparing a range of grammatical methods. These approaches centre evolutionary growth (philology), syntagmatic and paradigmatic features (structuralism), functional usage (eclectic linguistics), and cross-linguistic development (grammaticalisation) in order to explore questions of the origin, development, and usage of lqr't. The combined approaches help to situate and construct an archaeology of linguistic knowledge and a genealogy of philological change of language and text.

Effects of Blackboard Resources Utilization on Students’ Performance in Molecular Biology Course

Introduction/Objective Molecular diagnostics utilizes structural and functional fundamentals of molecular biology and finds its scope in clinical education for disease diagnosis and monitoring, and evaluation of non-disease status. Time and financial constraints make molecular biology education challenging for both teachers and students. Advances in information technologies have helped teachers to provide a rich resource to students which if properly utilized is expected to generate better teaching-learning outcomes. However, the pattern of utilization of digital resources by students and its impact on their performance is still unknown. The aim of this study was to assess students’ behavior to Blackboard resource utilization and its impact on their performance in molecular biology course. Methods We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study including all the 46 students (9 graduate and 37 undergraduate students; 14 distant and 32 regular students) enrolled for molecular biology course in the year 2017 and assessed the associations between blackboard resource visits and students’ final weighted total grades. Blackboard resource visit variables included “Tegrity” viewing duration, viewing times, and contents viewed (“My Grades”, “Announcement”, “Discussion”, “Contacts”, “Content Item”). Results Among all students, the most and least visited contents were “Content Item” (261 average hits) and “Contacts” (1.28 average hits), respectively with similar patterns of the visit among all student sub-categories. The longest average Tegrity viewing duration (25 hours) and the highest average Tegrity viewing times (56 hits) were noted among undergraduate distance students. The average grade was higher among graduate students than undergraduate students. The overall blackboard resource visit and the individual category visit among graduate and undergraduate students had no association with students’ final weighted scores. Conclusion Our findings have important implications for the utility of blackboard resources among graduate and undergraduate clinical laboratory science students. Similar assessments including students from many different years are recommended to generate more accurate evidence.

VALIDITAS TES KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KREATIF MATERI TEKANAN ZAT DENGAN ANALISIS RASCH MODEL

Creative thinking skills is one of the high-level thinking skills that must be possessed by students in learning. However, to determine the students' creative thinking skills necessary measurement tools in the form of tests. Therefore, studies were conducted in order to determine the content validation and construct validation tests of creative thinking skills with Rasch analysis models. This research uses descriptive quantitative method using the design construction and validation. The construction process generates six test items that measure creative thinking skills aspects of fluency, flexibility and originality in the form of an essay. The validation process is based on the judgment of five experts and tests on 190 samples. The results of the validity of the content item has a high and very high categories.

Konstruksi Skala Kepedulian terhadap Penggunaan Energi

Using electricity and fuel oil might have some negative impact towards the national economy and the environment. Psychological scale for measuring awareness of energy usage has never been tested before. The main purpose of this study is to construct psychological scale for measuring energy usage. The concept of Amburgey (2012) has been used to describe of psychological concern that are perceived threat and desired change. Perceived threat is an evaluation of a person to a problem and desired change is one’s willingness to resolve that problem. Four hundred-thirty eight students were enrolled in this study with a mean of age 21 years old. The results of content item validation show that one item from perceived threat’s subscale has value of Aiken (V) less than .50 and all of items from desired change’s subscale have V value greater than .50. Result from item’s discrimination process show that 40% items from perceived threat’s subscale has low of discrimination power and desired change’s sub scale has 31%. Alpha value for perceived threat’s subscales is .76 and desired change’s sub scale is .78. The concern for energy usage scale has poor model fit.

Proven Interaction Design Solutions for Accessing and Viewing Interactive TV Content Items

This chapter describes interaction design solutions for interactive television (iTV) applications. A user task-based approach to interaction design guidance for iTV applications is suggested to easily integrate with a user-centred application development process. Based on the analysis of existing applications, several generic, iTV-specific user tasks are presented. For these user tasks, proven interaction design solutions were empirically identified by usability testing eight broadcasted applications. Specific design solutions to support the user tasks accessing content item and viewing content item are described. Usability test results and design guidance on the design of menus, video multi-screens, indexes, content presentation areas, paging, and scrolling are presented. Target audiences of this chapter are the iTV user interface designers and usability researchers.

Not only item content but also item format is important: Taxonomizing item format approaches

In this article I argue that as well as item content, item formats (i.e., phrasing and response formats) are also important. Most trait items can be mapped onto 4 dimensions: point of reference (first person, possessive, others, indicator), general item format (staticity, frequency, valency, frequency + valency), construct indicator (attributal, behavioral, mental, contextual), and conditionality (unconditional, conditional). An item taxonomy tree for the first person perspective is provided for an Openness to Experiences item, and NEO-PI-R Extraversion items are analyzed according to the 4-item format dimensions. Future lines of research on item phrasing are outlined.