RISK FACTORS AND PREGNANCY OUTCOME OF ABRUPTIO PLACENTA: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY

Background: Abruptio placenta is the most common cause of antepartum haemorrhage which is defined as separation of normally situated placenta after 20 weeks of gestation and before birth of fetus. Obstetrical haemorrhage accounts for almost half of all postpartum deaths in developing countries. Aim of study was to determine maternal and fetal outcome in pregnancy complicated by abruption. Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted at Gopinath maternity home, Sir T. Hospital, Bhavnagar. From MAY 2020 –APRIL 2021.all pregnant women came to labour room with diagnosis of abruptio placenta were included. Results: Total patients of abruption Identified Are 33 out of 2683 deliveries giving incidence of 1.1% In this study. Most of them are found at 26-35 years of age with 33-36 weeks of gestation. It is associated with multiparity in 57.5%. Vaginal bleeding is the most common presenting complain followed by absent fetal movement. 72.7% cases had association with preeclampsia. There is higher LSCS rates (61%) as compared to vaginal deliveries (39%). Most common complication found is DIC (30.3%) and next common is ARF (24.2%). case fatality rate of 6.06%. In our study 60.6% still birth and 39.3% live birth. Many of them required NICU admission. Conclusion: Abruption is continued to be responsible cause of maternal and foetal adverse outcome. early detection and proper management prevents morbidity associated with it. Combined care is required for it. Keywords: Abruptio placenta, risk factors, feto-maternal outcome.

A Critical Analysis of Vitamin D and Calcium in Women during Pregnancy

Aim: To find out the frequency of vitamin D and calcium in pregnant women and their effects on fetus as well as mothers. Study Design: Retrospective study. Place and Duration of Study: Darul Shifa Clinic & Maternity Home Karachi Pakistan from 1st July 2020 to 31st December 2020. Methodology: One hundred and twenty patients with proper evidence of pregnancy were enrolled. All patients from age 18 years to age 35 years with no other disease were included and those women who have some other diseases or age outliers were excluded. Results: There is a significance difference in the vitamin D and calcium during the period of pregnancy. In the group A (18 years to 25 years) the significance difference of vitamin D was (P=0.000) while the calcium was (P=0.200). In the group B (26 years to 30 years) the significance difference of vitamin D was (P=0.000) while the Calcium was (P=0.071) and in the group C (30 years to 35 years) there was no significant change of vitamin D and calcium (P=0.000). The result of group C is different from the results of the above two groups, because in this age majority of the women were living in a congested houses as well as were spending a depressive life due to home problems, husband wife compromise problems, children problems, financial problems etc. and all such problems have a direct impact on their pregnancy Conclusion: It was statistically found that the Vitamin D and calcium values show significances changes during pregnancy in contrast to the normal women. Key words: Vitamin D, Calcium, Pregnant women

The Correlation Between Total Cholesterol Levels In Pregnancy Women And Baby Birth Weight

Maternal nutritional intake during pregnancy will affect the process of fetal growth and development, including intake of cholesterol levels. The fetus obtains amino acids and fatty acids through the placental absorption mechanism of maternal cholesterol. Cholesterol levels in pregnant women are needed by the fetus to meet fetal cholesterol during organogenesis. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between total cholesterol levels in pregnant women and birth weight. The research method used was a prospective cohort. This research was conducted at the Endang Sidoarjo Maternity Home from June to August 2020. The sample in this study was 33 respondents in the third trimester of pregnancy, the sample was taken by purposive sampling. The independent variable in this study was total cholesterol levels while the dependent variable was birth weight. Cholesterol levels are obtained based on the results of measurements with digital tools while birth weight is measured using baby scales. The results showed as many as 22 respondents with normal cholesterol levels gave birth to fetuses weighing 2500-4000 grams. Based on the results of data analysis with the statistical test, the p value was obtained p value 0.137> 0.05. The conclusion of this study is that there is no relationship between total cholesterol levels in pregnant women and birth weight.

Vulvovaginal haematoma presenting in the puerperium: A case report

Background: Vulvovaginal haematoma is an uncommon complication of childbirth that can cause maternal death if not properly managed. We present a case of a large vulvovaginal haematoma managed surgically with a good outcome. Clinical Presentation: JP was an unbooked 34 year old para 2 woman referred from a maternity home to Bethesda Family Hospital on account of a left-sided vulva swelling of two weeks duration following a spontaneous vaginal delivery of a live male baby that weighed 4.3 kilogrammes. She sustained a vaginal tear which was repaired by the attending midwife. Vaginal examination showed a firm and tender swelling of size 12 cm by 14cm involving the left labia majora and minora and extending to the perineal region and vagina. A diagnosis of vulvovaginal haematoma was made and she was educated on her condition and the treatment options. She was haemodynamically stable and the full blood count was normal. She was placed on analgesics and antibiotics, catheterized, and the haematoma evacuated under ketamine cover. She was discharged home on the second day. Conclusion: Surgical management of large vulva haematoma at the primary care level involves counselling, institution of antibiotics and analgesics and appropriately located incisions and evacuation of clots. This leads to quick recovery with minimal scarring, pain and dyspareunia.

MATERNITY HOUSE IN THE SOVIET CITY OF THE MIDDLE OF THE XX century: MEDICAL, SOCIAL AND PSYCHOLOGI-CAL AND MATERIAL-HOUSE ASPECT

Статья посвящена анализу роли родильного дома в жизни советской городской жительницы в 1950-1960-е гг. сквозь призму медицинского, социально-психологического и материально-бытового аспекта. В данный период происходит формирование нового образа родильного дома, связанного с представлениями о квалифицированной медицинской помощи, безопасностью родов, а также соответствующими церемониями и традициями при рождении ребёнка. Однако декларируемый официальной советской пропагандой образ родильного дома и реальное положение дел в городских роддомах не всегда соответствовали друг другу. В ходе соотнесения двух этих образов был выявлен ряд противоречий, которые формировали реальный облик и реальное место родильного дома в советском городе в 1950-1960-е гг. The article is devoted to the analysis of the role played by a maternity home in the life of a Soviet urban resident in the 1950s-1960s. through the prism of medical, sociopsychological and material-everyday aspects. During this period, a new image of the maternity hospital is being formed, related to the notions of qualified medical care, the safety of childbirth, as well as the corresponding ceremonies and traditions at the time of the birth of the child. However, the image of the maternity hospital declared by the official Soviet propaganda and the real state of affairs in the city maternity homes did not always correspond to each other. During the correlation of these two images, a number of contradictions were identified that formed the real appearance and the real place of the maternity hospital in the Soviet city in the 1950s-1960s.

Analysis Of Factors Related To Anxiety Level In Postpartum Mothers at Citra Insani Maternity Home, Semarang

The cause of postpartum anxiety is still unknown. Many adverse developmental effects after anxiety can be caused to the mother, baby, and her family. The research aims to analyze factors related to postpartum anxiety level at Citra Insani Maternity Home, Semarang. This study used an analytic observational research design with a cross sectional approach. Sampling was conducted at the Citra Insani Maternity Hospital in Semarang City from February to March 2020 using purposive sampling. The study subjects are 40 postpartum mothers in the second day. The instrument used was a Postpartum Specific Anxiety Scale questionnaire. The factors studied were age, parity, education, employment status, and history of anemia. Data analysis was performed using the Chi-square test. The results is the majority of mothers experienced moderate anxiety (60%). Based on data analysis, there is no significant relationship between age, parity, education, employment status and history of anemia with postpartum anxiety levels

A cross-sectional study on preference of tubectomy over vasectomy among eligible couples in Bengaluru, Karnataka

Background: Population policies, family planning and welfare programmes undertaken by the Government of India, have led to continuous decrease in the fertility rate but sustainability and target of net reproduction rate 1 is not yet achieved. With increase trend of adopting the permanent method of contraception by eligible couples, the preferences of tubectomy over vasectomy is still remarkable. Hence, the present study is taken up to find Knowledge, Attitude and Practice regarding sterilization and factors influencing it.Methods: A cross-sectional study is conducted in the year 2017 among eligible couples who have completed their family size or pregnant women who came for second confinement to Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre and Shreyas Maternity Home, Hoskote and Shreyas maternity home are included. An institutional ethics committee (IEC) is given on vasectomy, the better method of sterilization and responses are recorded.Results: A total 92.6% couples were aware of permanent family planning methods. Among them only 30.6% couples are aware of vasectomy. There is a significant association between number of children in a family and to undergo sterilization (p=0.02) method. Reason for not choosing vasectomy are unawareness (49.3%) and social stigma (38%) mainly. 11 couples (7.3%) changed their opinion to undergo vasectomy after giving an IEC.Conclusions: Many couples were knowledgeable about tubectomies and opted for it. Only a small number of couples changed their opinion from tubectomy to vasectomy after being given an IEC.