RAIKY CULTURE IN THE MIDDLE DNIEPER

The paper is devoted to the Raiky culture in the Middle Dnieper. It reveals major issues of the phenomenon of Raiky culture and their possible solutions considering the achievements of Ukrainian archeologists in this field. The genesis, chronology and features of the development of material culture of the Raiky sites in the 8th—9th centuries of the right-bank of the Dnieper are analyzed. In general the existence of the Raiky culture in the Middle Dnieper region can be described as follows. It was formed in first half of the 8th century in the Tiasmyn basin. The first wheel-made pottery has begun to manufacture quite early, from the mid-8th century (probably at the beginning of the third quarter). At the first stage, the early vessels have imitated the hand-made Raiky forms as well as the Saltovo-Mayaki imported vessels. Significant development of the material culture occurs during the second half of the 8th century. At the same time, the movement of the people of Raiky culture and the population of the sites of Sаkhnivka type has begun in the northern direction which was marked by the appearance of the Kaniv settlement, Monastyrok, and possibly Buchak. This stage is characterized by the syncretism both in the ceramic complex and in the features of design of the heating structures. Numerous influences of the people of Volyntsevo culture (and through them – of Saltovo-Mayaki one) are recorded in the Raiky culture. It is observed not only in direct imports but also in the efforts of the Raiky population to imitate the pottery of Volyntsevo and Saltovo-Mayaki cultures, however, based on their own technological capabilities. The nature of the relationship between the bearers of these cultures is still interesting. The population of Raiky accepts the imported items of Saltovo-Mayaki and Volyntsevo cultures, tries to imitate high-quality pottery of them, and even one can see the peaceful coexistence of two cultures in one settlement — Monastyrok, Buchak, Stovpyagy. However, the reverse pulses are absent. There are no tendencies to assimilate each other. Although, given the number and size of the sites, the numerical advantage of the Volyntsevo population in the region seems obvious. There is currently no answer to this question. The first third of the 9th century became the watershed. The destruction of the Bytytsia hill-fort and the charred ruins to which most of the settlements of the Volyntsevo culture has turned, is explained in the literature by the early penetration of Scandinavians into the region or as result of the resettlement of Magyars to the Northern Pontic region. In any case, this led to a change in the ethnic and cultural situation in the Dnieper basin. According to some researchers, the surviving part of the population of Volyntsevo culture migrated to the Oka and Don interfluve. For some time, but not for long, the settlements of Raiky culture remained abandoned. Apparently, after the stabilization of situation, the residents have returned which is reflected by the reconstruction of the Kaniv settlement and Monastyrok; in addition, on the latter the fortifications have been erected. The final stage of the existence of culture is characterized by contacts with the area of the left bank of Dnieper, the influx of the items of the «Danube circle», as well as the rapid development of the forms of early wheel-made pottery. The general profiling of vessels and design of the rim became more complicated, the rich linear-wavy ornament which covers practically all surface of the item became characteristic. This suggests the use of a quick hand wheel which has improved the symmetry of the vessels, as well as permitted to create the larger specimens. The evolution of the early wheel-made ceramic complex took place only by a variety of forms, however, technological indicators (dough composition, firing, density and thickness of vessel walls) indicate the actual invariability and sustainability of the manufacture tradition. The discontinuance of the functioning of the latest Raiky sites (Monastyrok and Kaniv settlements) can be attributed as the consequences of the first stages of consolidation of the Rus people in the Middle Dnieper dating to the late 9th — the turn of the 9th—10th centuries.

Team numerical advantage in Australian rules football: A missing piece of the scoring puzzle?

The primary aim of this study was to determine the relationship between a team numerical advantage during structured phases of play and match event outcomes in professional Australian football. The secondary aim was to quantify how players occupy different sub-areas of the playing field in match play, while accounting for match phase and ball location. Spatiotemporal player tracking data and play-by-play event data from professional players and teams were collected from the 2019 Australian Football League season played at a single stadium. Logistic regression analysed the relationship between total players and team numerical advantage during clearances and inside 50’s. Total players and team numerical advantage were also quantified continuously throughout a match, which were separated into three match phases (offence, defence, and stoppage) and four field positions (defensive 50, defensive midfield, attacking midfield, and forward 50). Results identified an increased team numerical advantage produced a greater likelihood of gaining possession from clearances or generating a score from inside 50’s. Although, an increased number of total players inside 50 was likely associated with a concomitant decrease in the probability of scoring, irrespective of a team numerical advantage. Teams were largely outnumbered when the ball was in their forward 50 but attained a numerical advantage when the ball was in the defensive 50.

Patterns of numerical relations in goal-scoring possessions of the 2014 FIFA World Cup Winner

Goal scoring has been regarded as the ultimate indicator of offensive success in soccer. Research on patterns that characterize goal-scoring possessions have frequently employed reductionist approaches. This paper aimed to examine the patterns of numerical relations of open-play goal-scoring possessions of the 2014 FIFA™ World Cup winner team. We hypothesized that a more unstable distribution of players in goal-scoring possessions Germany would be generated in sub-areas of the effective play-space closer to opponents’ goal. We analysed 11 video sequences from 6 matches of the German team in this tournament. The uncertainty of teams’ numerical advantage within sub-areas of play was calculated for each offensive sequence through Shannon’s entropy. We observed higher entropy within Germany’s Central Offensive (opponents’ Central Defensive) sub-area in comparison with the other sub-areas of play. There is a tendency of the German team to generate numerical instability within locations closer to the opponents’ goal, possibly due to the shifting of positions, drawing of opposing defenders towards peripheral areas and the creation of spaces for teammates to exploit within this risky zone to the opposition.

Nonfiction in contemporary literature: advantage or disadvantage? (On the material of B. Humeniuk’s works «Blockpost», M. Mathios «Private diary. Maidan. War…», N. Rozlutsky «Notes of the mobilized")

The article is devoted to the problem of nonfiction in modern Ukrainian literature. The author, based on books by domestic writers about the Revolution of Dignity and the war in the East, in particular the works of B. Humeniuk, M. Mathios, N. Rozlutsky, etc., considers the literature of fact as a separate kind of modern literature, analyzes its features in the context of similar publications. for the further consistent "fitting" of the concept into the latest literary paradigm. Such works appeared in the array of military prose for the first time, but are still one of the most popular authors and societies of publications. In terms of genre, they are eclectic - they combine diary and Facebook entries, autobiographical details, journalism, short prose and poetry; the plot is based on real events with a slight touch of art. Such texts are also characterized by heightened emotionality, as most of the authors of non-fiction texts are eyewitnesses and active participants in the Revolution of Dignity in the war in eastern Ukraine. Nonfiction texts have led to various discussions about terminological use, as well as the correspondence between the concepts of «factual literature», «documentary», «factual literature», «nonfiction» and so on. Some domestic researchers use all these terms as synonyms, considering them phenomena of the same order, meaning unimagined literature about reality. Also in the material it is convincingly proved that today's numerical advantage of documentary over fiction is not ganja, but a characteristic feature of modern literature. The work is based on scientific principles of modern history and theory of literature, it combines descriptive, historical-biographical, comparative-historical (to compare different types of characters and track the dynamics of individual images), available elements of hermeneutic method, narrative and intertextual analysis.

The appropriate dosing of erenumab for migraine prevention after multiple preventive treatment failures: a critical appraisal

Background Erenumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor, was approved for the prevention of episodic (EM) or chronic migraine (CM) at the monthly dose of 70 mg or 140 mg. We reviewed the available literature to understand if patients with prior preventive treatment failures benefit more from the 140 mg dose than the 70 mg. Main body We searched papers indexed in PubMed and conference abstracts published in the last 2 years which assessed the safety and efficacy of erenumab in patients with prior preventive treatment failures. We reviewed the results of 3 randomized controlled trials and their subgroup analyses and open-label extensions. The 140 mg monthly dose of erenumab had a numerical advantage over the 70 mg monthly dose in patients with prior preventive treatment failures, both in EM and CM (with or without medication overuse) during the double blind phases of the trials and their open-label extensions. The numerical difference between the two doses increased with the increase in the number of prior preventive treatment failures. Conclusions The available data suggest that erenumab 140 mg monthly might be preferred over the 70 mg monthly dose in patients with EM or CM and prior preventive treatment failures. Further data are needed to assess the long-term efficacy in clinical practice of the two doses of erenumab, while their safety profile is comparable.

Polar Coordinate Analysis to Study Counterattacks in Senior and Under-16 Men’s Handball

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar las acciones de contraataque de jugadores de élite y sub´16 en el balonmano masculino utilizando un sistema taxonómico validado metodológicamente. Analizamos las acciones en 17 partidos con jugadores de élite, así como 10 partidos en el campeonato de España de selecciones territoriales sub´16. Utilizamos el software HOISAN y empleamos la técnica de análisis de coordenadas polares desde la perspectiva de una retrospectividad genuina. La taxonomía del sistema de codificación se desarrolló mediante una combinación de un sistema de formato de campo y un sistema de categorías exhaustivo y mutuamente excluyente (E/ME). El instrumento incluye 19 criterios y 148 categorías. Las categorías focales utilizadas en este estudio fueron los comportamientos relacionados con la recuperación del balón, el transporte y la finalización del contraataque. Se encontraron diferencias entre las poblaciones estudiadas para la finalización del contraataque, el despliegue, el transporte y la recuperación. Los errores técnicos se asociaron con la defensa 6:0 en las categorías de élite y con la defensa 5:1 en la categoría de menores de 16 años. En las categorías senior, el número de jugadores que participaron en los contraataques tendió a ser mayor y una ventaja numérica en la mitad del campo se asoció con el equipo que estaba delante en el marcador; en la categoría sub´16, este comportamiento se asoció con el seguimiento en la puntuación. También se observa que una mayor efectividad del defensor y el portero da lugar a más situaciones de contraataque y en circunstancias más favorables, y que esta efectividad es un factor determinante en el éxito del contraataque. La técnica de coordenadas polares ha estimado las relaciones técnico-tácticas en competición, lo que permitirá determinar las estrategias de intervención psicológica que mejoren el rendimiento. The aim of this study was to analyze counterattack actions by elite and under-16 players in men’s handball using a methodologically validated taxonomic system. We analyzed counterattack actions in 17 games involving elite players as well as 10 games in Spanish championship of under-16 regional teams. We used the HOISAN software package and employed the polar coordinate analysis technique from the perspective of genuine retrospectivity. The taxonomy of the coding system was developed through a combination of a field format system and an exhaustive and mutually exclusive (E/ME) system of categories. The instrument includes 19 criteria and 148 categories. The focal categories used in this study were behaviors having to do with ball recovery, ball transport and counterattack completion. Differences between the studied populations were found for counterattack completion, deployment, transport and ball recovery. Technical errors were associated with the 6:0 defense in the elite categories and with the 5:1 defense in the under-16 category. In the senior categories, the number of players participating in counterattacks tended to be higher and a numerical advantage in the opponent’s half of the court was associated with the team being ahead in the score; in the under-16 category, this behavior was associated with trailing in the score. We also observed that greater defender and goalkeeper effectiveness gives rise to more counterattack situations and under more favorable circumstances, and that this effectiveness is a determining factor in the success of a counterattack. The polar coordinate technique has estimated the technical-tactical relations in competition, which will allow to determine the psychological intervention strategies that improve performance. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar as ações de contra-ataque no handebol masculino em dois grupos de jogadores de elite e um menor de 16 anos. Este trabalho tem como objetivo contribuir para a compreensão das ações no Handebol Masculino a partir de uma nova perspectiva. A partir de um sistema taxonômico validado metodologicamente, foram analisadas as ações de contra-ataque de 17 partidas de elite (10 da categoria espanhola mais alta de 2007-08 e 7 da equipe nacional no Campeonato Europeu de 2007) e 10 do campeonato de equipes regionais. sub 16 2006. Para isso, a técnica de coordenadas polares foi usada em sua versão genuína com o software Hoisan. As categorias focais têm sido utilizadas para recuperação de bola, transporte e comportamento de completação. Foram encontradas diferenças entre as terminações de contra-ataque nas três populações estudadas, bem como no modo de implantação, transporte e recuperação do celular. O erro técnico se manifesta desde a defesa 6: 0 nos seniores e 5: 1 no sub 16. Além disso, observouse que nas categorias seniores um número maior de jogadores participa e a superioridade numérica no centro do campo é alcançada com uma pontuação para por favor, estar no sub 16 com pontuação contra. Além disso, observouse que o aumento da eficiência defensiva e da meta traz mais situações de contra-ataque e em circunstâncias mais favoráveis, sendo decisivas para o sucesso do contra-ataque.

PSVII-7 Impact of USDA feeder cattle grade and hide color on sale price of West Virginia feeder cattle

Most cow/calf operations in West Virginia are small scale (<100 cows) and calves from multiple operations must be comingled to form marketable lots. Criteria used to establish sale lots are weight, hide color, and USDA feeder cattle grade (FCG). The objective of this study was to determine the impact of hide color and FCG on calf gross sale value (GSV). Results of graded feeder calf sales from fall 2016 (N = 16) and fall 2017 (N = 18) were analyzed totaling 23,859 calves marketed as 2,507 lots. Calves were stratified by sale weight: 136-181 kg (3WT), 182-226 kg (4WT), 227-271 kg (5WT), 272-317 kh (6WT), and 318-362 kg (7WT); hide color: black (BLK) or colored (NBLK), and FCG: LM1, LM2, and non-graded consignor group (CG). Data were analyzed using the PROC GLM procedure of SAS with year and lot size (LS) as covariates. Although numerical differences in GSV existed in the 3WT, 5WT, and 6WT groups ($31.58, $15.00, $11.29/head greater for BLK calves, respectively), only 4WT BLK calves were valued significantly more ($577.22 vs $547.13, respectively; P < 0.01). No value difference was detected in 7WT calves based on hide color. With respect to FCG, no statistical difference was observed in GSV of 3WT and 6WT calves although LM1 3WT calves had a numerical value advantage of $27.73/head and $35.17/head over LM2 and CG calves, respectively, while LM1 6WT calves had a $30.05/head value advantage over LM2 6WT calves. In 4WT and 5WT classes, LM1 calves were valued higher than LM2 calves ($33.75 and $56.96/head, respectively; P < 0.01). Conversely, 7WT CG calves were valued higher than both LM1 ($888.68 vs $838.85/head, P = 0.08) and LM2 calves ($888.68 vs $799.25/head, P < 0.001). Across all weight classes, LM1 calves exhibited a numerical advantage of $37.62/head when compared to LM2 calves indicating optimum FCG is more valuable regardless of weight class. These data also indicate that hide color is less impactful on GSV as sale weight increases.

A systematic review and network meta-analysis of regorafenib and TAS-102 in refractory metastatic colorectal cancer.

619 Background: Regorafenib (at a starting dose of 160 mg/day, rego 160), regorafenib (with a weekly dose escalation, rego 80+) and TAS-102, are suggested treatment options for refractory metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). We aimed to evaluate the comparative effectiveness evidence supporting these 3 strategies. Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane CENTRAL, for randomized controlled trials evaluating TAS 102 or regorafenib in refractory mCRC patients who progressed on/intolerant of previous oxaliplatin, irinotecan, and fluoropyrimidine. Outcomes of interest included OS and PFS. The overall effect was pooled using the DerSimonian random effects model. We conducted network meta-analysis based on White’s multivariate meta-regression to pool evidence from direct and indirect comparisons. Results: Six trials (3 of regorafenib and 3 of TAS-102) at low risk of bias (2,445 patients) were included. Direct comparisons showed that Rego 160 and TAS-102 as monotherapy were superior to BSC in terms of PFS (Rego 160: HR = 0.4, CI 0.26 to 0.63; TAS-102: HR = 0.46, CI 0.40 to 0.52) and OS (Rego 160: HR = 0.67, CI 0.48 to 0.93; TAS-102: HR = 0.67, CI 0.57 to 0.80). Network analysis showed that there was no difference in PFS or OS between Rego 160 and TAS-102. Rego 80+ was superior to BSC in terms of OS (HR = 0.44, CI 0.23 to 0.84) and PFS (HR = 0.37, CI 0.21 to 0.66). There was a numerical advantage for Rego 80+ compared to TAS-102 and Rego 160 (see table). Conclusions: Regorafenib 160 and TAS-102 appear to have similar efficacy. Rego 80+ is shown to be superior to BSC. A trend for improved OS was observed with Rego 80+ versus Rego 160 or TAS 102. [Table: see text]

A Contrastive Analysis between English Vocabulary Profile and College English Wordlist

This paper makes a contrastive analysis between English Vocabulary Profile (EVP) and College English Wordlist (CEW) from the aspects of philosophy, vocabulary, criteria and word frequency. Results show that the latter has a numerical advantage in the mere term of vocabulary, but these words are mainly passive ones. By contrast, the former attaches greater importance to the number of active words and usage, and is more concerned with learners' actual word power. This study sheds light on the reform of college English teaching and the preparation of the vocabulary syllabus.

“Yellow Arab Helmet, Blue Russian Eyes”

Nasser’s visit to Moscow in July 1968 was extended for medical examination at the Kremlin VIP clinic and, after a brief trip home, for treatment at a spa in Soviet Georgia. His talks resulted in reaffirmation of Soviet support for military action and continued arms supplies on favorable terms. On the Suez Canal front, Soviet advisers were involved in preparations to resume hostilities. These began with a massive cannonade and cross-canal raids on 8 September 1968, repeated on 26 October, both times causing serious Israeli casualties. The Soviet advisors identified and counteracted a new Israeli missile designed to balance the Egyptian numerical advantage in artillery pieces Rumors spread of an impending Soviet move to force an opening of the canal. Israel responded by starting airborne raids in the Egyptian hinterland. Various explanations are offered for the proximity of this flareup to the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia.