The Futurians, Gamergate, and Fandom

From the science fiction fan clubs of the 1930s to the modern gamers, devoted fans have found one another and formed groups bonded over their shared interest. As groups formed, social identities began to emerge, distinguishing ingroups and outgroups. Social identity theory helps to explain the formation of groups as well as inevitable competition over resources and power. As technology became more sophisticated, fans were able to communicate with greater ease facilitating ingroup social identification. The inherent properties of video games reinforce both the cooperation among ingroup members as well as the rivalry with outgroups. Understanding the mechanisms within video games as well as the affordances of CMC and social media help to explain the group dynamics that support the Gamergate social identity.

MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS DALAM PEMBELAJARAN SEJARAH MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TWO STAY TWO STRAY DENGAN AKTIVITAS WINDOW SHOPPING PADA PESERTA DIDIK XI MIPA 2 DI SMA NEGERI 10 MALANG

This study aims to increase the potential for critical thinking in learning history by using the Two Stay Two Tray learning model with Windaw Shopping activities for XI MIPA 2 students at SMA Negeri 10 Malang. This research is a Classroom Action Research (CAR) which is carried out in two cycles, each cycle is carried out in 5 stages, namely planning, implementing, observing, evaluating and reflecting. Class XI MIPA2 SMA Negeri 10 Malang Even Semester 2018/2019 academic year totaled 36 students. The results showed that in the first cycle there were only 15 students who had the ability to formulate problems (41.66%), the ability to find information from various sources was achieved by 15 students (41.66%), 18 students had the ability to record the results of the discussion. (50%), while the ability to communicate was achieved by 16 students (44.44%). Cycle II shows that there are 27 students who have the ability to formulate problems (75%), the ability to find information from various sources is achieved by 26 students (72.22%), 36 students have the ability to record the results of discussions (100%), while the ability to communicate is achieved by 25 students (100%). Based on the comparison of the results of the first and second cycle indicators, it illustrates that learning using the Two Stay Two Tray learning model with Windaw Shopping activities has been going well and can increase students' critical thinking potential. Recommendations from researchers for the use of the Two Stay Two Tray learning model with Windaw Shopping activities are (1) informing the learning activity model used to students early, so that students can follow the steps of this model correctly, (2) giving students the opportunity students look for enrichment materials in discussion activities (3) the teacher should have provided web-link directions that students can refer to in finding sources of information on the internet so that the source is valid or reliable (4) the formation of groups is sought to pay attention to the equitable distribution of students' abilities. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan meningkatkan potensi berpikir kritis dalam pembelajaran sejarah dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Two Stay Two Tray dengan aktivitas Windaw Shopping pada peserta didik XI MIPA 2 di SMA negeri 10 Malang. Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus, setiap siklus dilaksanakan dalam 5 tahap yaitu perencanan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan, evaluasi dan refleksi. Kelas XI MIPA2 SMA Negeri 10 Malang Semester genap Tahun Pelajaran 2018/2019 berjumlah 36 peserta didik. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pada siklus I hanya ada 15 peserta didik yang memiliki kemampuan merumuskan masalah (41,66%), kemampuan mencari informasi dari berbagai sumber dicapai oleh 15 peserta didik (41,66%) ,18 peserta didik memiliki kemampuan merekam hasil diskusi (50%), sedangkan kemampuan mengomunikasikan dicapai oleh 16 peserta didik (44,44%). Siklus II menunjukan bahwa ada 27 peserta didik yang memiliki kemampuan merumuskan masalah (75%), kemampuan mencari informasi dari berbagai sumber dicapai oleh 26 peserta didik ( 72,22%), 36 peserta didik memiliki kemampuan merekam hasil diskusi (100%), sedangkan kemampuan mengomunikasikan dicapai oleh 25 Peserta didik (100%). Berdasarkan perbandingan hasil capaian indikator siklus kesatu dan kedua menggambarkan bahwa pembelajaran dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Two Stay Two Tray dengan aktivitas Windaw Shopping telah berlangsung dengan baik dan dapat meningkatkan potensi berpikir kritis peserta didik. Rekomendasi dari peneliti untuk penggunaan model pembelajaran Two Stay Two Tray dengan aktivitas Windaw Shopping adalah (1) menginformasikan model kegiatan pembelajaran yang digunakan pada peserta didik lebih awal, agar peserta didik dapat mengikuti langkah-langkah model ini dengan benar, (2) memberi kesempatan peserta didik mencari bahan pengayaan dalam kegiatan diskusi (3) sebaiknya guru sudah memberi arahan link- web yang bisa di rujuk peserta didik dalam mecari sumber informasi di internet agar sumbernya valid atau dapat dipercaya (4) pembentukan kelompok diupayakan memperhatikan pemerataan kemampuan peserta didik.

Institute of Sympathizers of AUCP(b) in West Siberian Territory: Revival, Functioning, Significance (February 1934 — September 1937)

The article is devoted to the creation and functioning of the institute of sympathizers of the AUCP(b) in the West Siberian Territory in February 1934 — September 1937. On the basis of a wide range of sources, including those introduced into scientific circulation for the first time, the reasons, prerequisites and circumstances of the revival of this institute are considered. Among other things, it was established that the formation of groups of sympathizers in Western Siberia began later than in other regions of the USSR, and only after their existence was officially enshrined in the Charter of the AUCP(b). The article reveals the main ways of recruiting groups of sympathizers, traces the dynamics of their number in the West Siberian region, clarifies the quantitative and qualitative composition. It is shown that the institution of sympathizers had serious potential, which, nevertheless, was not realized due to such subjective factors as the weakness of the organizational and ideological work of local party organizations. It was concluded that neither in the West Siberian Territory, nor in the USSR as a whole, the institution of sympathizers did not cope with the role assigned to it as the main personnel reserve of the AUCP(b).

Structure of herd immunity to SARS-COV-2 in the Krasnoyarsk region population in the COVID-19 epidemic

Purpose. Determination of the SARS-CoV-2 population humoral immunity among the population of the Krasnoyarsk Territory during the COVID-19 epidemic.Materials and methods. The study was carried out as a part of project for assessing population immunity to SARS-CoV-2 among the population of Russian Federation using unified methodology developed by Rospotrebnadzor, with the participation of the Research Institute for Epidemiology and Microbiology named by Pasteur, and taking into account the recommendations of the WHO. The work involved 2907 volunteers, selected by the online survey and randomization by age and territory. All volunteers were divided into 7 age groups: 1–17, 18–29, 30–39, 40–49, 50–59, 60–69, 70 and older (70+), including a total 246–449 people. Population immunity testing was carried out during the formation of groups (1st stage), and then twice more, with the interval of 6–8 weeks. Serum was obtained from venous blood samples obtained from volunteers, in which antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid were determined by the enzyme immunoassay. The results were analyzed by methods of nonparametric statistics: median, interquartile range, rank correlation coefficient were calculated in the Excel statistical package. The confidence interval to seroprevalence indicators (95% CI) was calculated using the WinPepi statistical package (version 11.65). The statistical significance of the differences was assessed with a probability level of p ≤ 0.05.Results. The seroprevalence of the population of the Krasnoyarsk Territory during the 5-month period of seromonitoring had increased 3.3 times from 12.8% (95% CI 11.3–14.4) to 41.7% (95% CI 39.4–4.0) , while the grouping by age had not revealed any peculiarities throughout the study. The trend towards a decrease in the incidence was formed on the 6th week of 2021. The seroprevalence of convalescents after COVID-19 during the initial testing was 61.5% (95% CI 40,6–79.8), among those who were in contact with patients with COVID-19 or convalescents –23.8% (95% CI 13.9–36.2) . Among the volunteers, 347 seropositive persons were identified, 324 of which were observed asymptomatic course.Conclusion. The structure of the population humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2 of he population of the Krasnoyarsk Territory has been investigated. It was found that an increase in seroprevalence to 41.7% (95% CI 39.4–4.0) was accompanied by a decrease in morbidity.

Membangun Kerjasama Tim yang Efekti dalam Organisasi

Team building is a group of individuals who have a common goal to be achieved. And to achieve this goal, good cooperation is needed, sharing feelings, mutual respect and mutual encouragement among group members. Several things that affect the formation of groups, among others, are the existence of communication, motivation, being able to manage conflict, competition and cooperation. Cooperation is a means and a sign related to the quality of the group as a gathering place for people in an organization. In building group cooperation, mutual trust, openness or transparency, self-realization or self-realization and interdependence are needed.

A Comparison of K-Means and Mean Shift Algorithms

Clustering, or otherwise known as cluster analysis, is a learning problem that takes place without any human supervision. This technique has often been utilized, much efficiently, in data analysis, and serves for observing and identifying interesting, useful, or desired patterns in the said data. The clustering technique functions by performing a structured division of the data involved, in similar objects based on the characteristics that it identifies. This process results in the formation of groups, and each group that is formed, is called a cluster. A single said cluster consists of objects from the data, that have similarities among other objects found in the same cluster, and resemble differences when compared to objects identified from the data that now exist in other clusters. The process of clustering is very significant in various aspects of data analysis, as it determines and presents the intrinsic grouping of objects present in the data, based on their attributes, in a batch of unlabeled raw data. A textbook or otherwise said, good criteria, does not exist in this method of cluster analysis. That is because this process is so different and so customizable for every user, that needs it in his/her various and different needs. There is no outright best clustering algorithm, as it massively depends on the user’s scenario and needs. This paper is intended to compare and study two different clustering algorithms. The algorithms under investigation are k-mean and mean shift. These algorithms are compared according to the following factors: time complexity, training, prediction performance and accuracy of the clustering algorithms.

PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM PROGRAM PENINGKATAN KUALITAS RUMAH TIDAK LAYAK HUNI DI KOTA PAYAKUMBUH

ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah: 1) Menjelaskan ruang lingkup partisipasi masyarakat dalam perencanaan dan pelaksanaan Peningkatan Kualitas Rumah Tidak Layak Huni (PK-RTLH) di Payakumbuh. 2) Menganalisis faktor pendukung dan penghambat partisipasi dalam pelaksanaan program Peningkatan Kualitas Rumah Tidak Layak Huni (PK-RTLH) di Payakumbuh. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kota Payakumbuh. Waktu penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Januari sampai Februari 2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Informan penelitian berjumlah 22 orang yang terdiri dari 17 informan kunci dan 5 informan biasa. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian bentuk partisipasi masyarakat dalam perencanaan Peningkatan Mutu Rumah Rehabilitasi Rumah Tidak Layak Huni adalah; a) Pembentukan kelompok penerima bantuan; b) Buka nomor rekening untuk penerima manfaat; c) Memanfaatkan sumber daya lokal. Bentuk partisipasi masyarakat dalam pelaksanaan Program Peningkatan Kualitas Rehabilitasi Rumah Tidak Layak Huni: a) Partisipasi berupa pendampingan dari pekerja; b) Partisipasi dalam bentuk bantuan material; c) Partisipasi dalam bentuk keterampilan atau keahlian. Faktor yang memungkinkan masyarakat untuk berpartisipasi adalah internal (intrinsik) dan eksternal (ekstrinsik). Dalam partisipasi juga terdapat faktor-faktor yang menghambat masyarakat untuk berpartisipasi, yaitu: a) Faktor ekonomi; b) Pengaruh modernisasi sehingga muncul individualisme; c) Informasi program tidak menjangkau seluruh elemen masyarakat.Kata kunci: Pembangunan, Partisipasi, Rumah, Miskin ABSTRACTThe objectives of this study are: 1) To explain the scope of community participation in planning and implementing Improvement of Quality of Non-Habitable Homes (PK-RTLH) in Payakumbuh. 2) To analyze the enabling and inhibiting factors of participation in the implementation of the Improvement of the Quality of Uninhabitable Homes (PK-RTLH) program in Payakumbuh. This research was conducted in the City of Payakumbuh. The time of the study was conducted in January to February 2020. This study used a qualitative method. There were 22 research informants consisting of 17 key informants and 5 ordinary informants. Based on the results of research the form of community participation in the planning of Improvement of the Quality of Rehab Homes for Non-Habitable Homes are; a) Formation of groups of aid recipients; b) Open account numbers for beneficiaries; c) Utilizing local resources. Forms of community participation in the implementation of the Improvement Program for the Quality of Rehabilitation of Non-Habitable Homes: a) Participation in the form of assistance from workers; b) Participation in the form of material assistance; c) Participation in the form of skills or expertise. Enabling factors for the community to participate are internal (intrinsic) and external (extrinsic). In participation there are also factors that inhibit people from participating, namely: a) Economic factors; b) The effect of modernization so that individualism emerges; c) Program information does not reach all elements of the community.Keywords: Development, Participation, House, Poor

“CLIQUES”: ACADEMIC RELATIONSHIPS AMONG HIGHER EDUCATION STUDENTS

This work has investigated the academic relationships of five classes, 185 students, from an Undergraduate Business Administration course. The Social Network Analysis (SNA) research technique has been used. The results show that homophilia is predominant in the formation of groups. Only in one class does performance have a greater influence. The “cliques” were more clearly defined in only one class. The analysis of the results also indicates that students with social brokerage roles perform better than their peers.

Trust and Social Capital in the Old City of Hyderabad: A Study of Self-Help Groups of Women, India

Why do people trust each other? Do people form groups through mutual trust or self-interest? How does the theory of rational choice and accompanying individualism affect the concept of social capital? Are social cohesiveness in groups and financial success related? Such questions generate interest in conditions promoting association and group emergence, such as trust, reliability, reciprocity, and shared values, which are inherent factors for cohesion. Self-help groups (SHGs) in an urban context are used to comprehend the aforementioned questions. The proposed study is based on the following hypothesis: the formation of groups is not based on trust but on material- and non-material- need-based individual rational choices that force them to cooperate with each other. It is found that a sense of insecurity among migrant women, an emotional need, led the formation of the imagined communities and has paved the way to construct trust. Thus, trust is found to be secondary in construction and sustainability of social capital. Castes, regions, and religions are strong factors; however, they are found to be less effective for the migrants than native SHG members. Therefore, among migrants, trust channelized itself vertically around a sense of fear.

SEMANTICS OF BLACK IN ENGLISH AND RUSSIAN MASS MEDIA HEADLINES

The objective of the article is to identify specific features of black colour representation in English and Russian media headlines for 2019-2020 at the verbal level of the text. The method of continuous sampling was used to select a number of examples in English and Russian, containing various variations in the functioning of the lexeme “black” in the period from 2019 to 2020. Methods. The research is carried out through the cognitive-discourse analysis of metaphors within the media discourse with the involvement of linguistic, general philological and linguocultural data that contributed to research activities, taking into account the specific features of the social and political realities of the media segments under consideration. The results were interpreted using generalization, descriptive and comparative methods. Conclusions. The analysis of the headlines of the media in this period allows us to assert the frequency and importance of verbalization of black colour in modern media discourse. The English and Russian segments demonstrate various aspects of its functioning. The dominant sphere of realization of black colour is the social context: the formation of groups, protest movements, the fight against prejudices, resonant incidents, tragedies, etc. It seems possible to include the similarity of the transmission of unfavourable states, events or shocks according to the “colour + time” scheme and the fixation of race in colour embodiment to the adjacent black verbalization of black colour. Among the differences, one can single out the total dominance of headlines in relation to race in the English-language media in the context of the struggle for rights and confrontation and the presence in this regard of a strong connection with racism through colour.