Lifelong learning activities for older adults: a scoping review protocol

Objective: To map lifelong learning activities for the elderly to understand how this paradigm has been incorporated into practical actions. Methodology: A scoping review type survey will be conducted in the literature published in English in five databases between the period 1972 to 2020. The mnemonic PCC (Population, Concept and Context) will guide the search strategy, the selection and extraction process of the studies, which will be conducted by two authors independently. Peer-reviewed articles that present the conceptual notion of lifelong learning as the central theme of the study, the target audience of men and women aged 50 and over and the description of formal educational activities will be included for the analysis, non-formal and informal. The review will include articles with a qualitative, quantitative or mixed methodological approach. The evidence will be organized in a specific form containing bibliometric data and the main characteristics of the studies, as well as specific information to answer the objectives of this scoping review. Results: will be presented in descriptive synthesis accompanied by tables and diagrams.

Caracterização dos casos de COVID-19 em pacientes críticos: revisão de escopo/ Characterization of COVID-19 cases in critically ill patients: scoping review

Introdução: A principal causa de mortalidade pelo novo coronavírus é a insuficiência respiratória. Assim, os cuidados intensivos devem ser prontamente prestados ao paciente crítico. Objetivo: Explorar as evidências acerca dos achados clínicos, tratamento e desfecho de pacientes infectados pelo Sars-CoV-2 internados em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva. Método: Revisão de escopo, realizada em abril de 2021, em oito fontes de dados nacionais e internacionais, conforme orientações do Instituto Joanna Briggs, seguindo o checklist Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysesextension for Scoping Reviews, sem restrição de idioma ou temporal. Adotou-se a estratégia Population, Concept and Contextpara a elaboração da questão de pesquisa. Resultados: Incluíram-se 15 artigos científicos, com predominância de publicações na China, Estados Unidos da América e Canadá. Dos estudos, 80% foram com adultos e idosos em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva. Os principais achados clínicos foram febre, tosse, Síndrome do Desconforto Respiratório Agudo e lesão renal, tratamento com ventilação mecânica invasiva e não invasiva, oxigenoterapia de alto fluxo e corticoesteroides. Como principal desfecho, o óbito. Conclusão: A maioria dos pacientes apresentou febre, tosse e Síndrome do Desconforto Respiratório Agudo, recebendo cuidados como ventilação mecânica, oxigenoterapia de alto fluxo e corticoesteroides, com alto índice de óbitos.

Characteristics of Provider-Focused Research on Complementary and Integrative Medicine in Palliative Care: A Scoping Review

Background: The use of complementary and integrative medicine (CIM) continues to grow in palliative care. While research supports the use of many CIM therapies for symptom relief, the scope of provider-focused research on CIM remains poorly characterized. Objectives: We conducted a scoping review to characterize provider-focused research on CIM in palliative care in order to map existing evidence and identify knowledge gaps. Methods: We developed a protocol outlining the study population, concept, and context; then used a validated approach per the JBI manual and searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and AMED. Results: We identified 34 studies that were conducted primarily in the US (n = 9) and UK (n = 6), focused mostly on nurse (n = 29) and physician (n = 22) providers, and employed questionnaires (n = 16) or qualitative (n = 15) methods. Studies investigated 58 CIM modalities, including massage (n = 13), music therapy (n = 12), and aromatherapy (n = 10), to address common symptoms including pain (n = 17), fatigue (n = 6), and nausea/vomiting (n = 6). Study outcomes included perceived benefits of CIM (n = 17) and types of CIM modalities that providers offer (n = 15). Uncommonly studied phenomena included referral patterns (n = 4), facilitators of provider recommendation of CIM (n = 3), and rates of CIM use (n = 3). Conclusion: Provider-focused research on CIM in palliative care can expand its scope by addressing perspectives of interdisciplinary providers, examining CIM modalities that patients report using, addressing symptoms commonly encountered in palliative care, and researching provider-use-focused outcomes. We identify these possibilities for future studies in addition to opportunities for systematic investigations to enhance the safe and efficacious delivery of CIM in the palliative care setting.

Impacts of Covid-19 Outbreak in Mental Health of Physicians and Nurses

COVID-19 was a disease emerged in China and quickly became a pandemic. The pandemic has put health professionals under strong pressure. This situation can cause perpetual damage to mental health. Objective: the objective of the study was to conduct a scooping review to investigate the studies already produced on COVID-19's mental impacts on physicians and nurses. Methodology: the mnemonic population, concept and context of the Joanna Briggs Institute was used for a scooping review. Results: two studies carried out in China and three letters to the editors were found addressing mental problems in physicians and nurses. Conclusion: despite being a recent disease, COVID-19 already demonstrates impacts on the mental health of physicians and nurses. Although the articles were made in China, reports from other countries suggest that physicians and nurses around the world are mentally impacted by work during the pandemic, with relates of suicides ideation and suicide cases among nurses in Italy, in England, in USA, in Mexico and in India.

Consumer behavior towards pharmaceutical services: a scoping review

The present study aimed to map the evidence on consumer’s behavior towards pharmaceutical services. A scoping review based on the PCC (Population, Concept, and Context) mnemonic was conducted in Pubmed, Scopus and Web of Science. Population included consumers of pharmaceutical services, the concept referred to marketing/consumer behavior and the context to pharmaceutical services. Electronic searches were held on December 2019. Studies published in non-roman characters were excluded. A qualitative synthesis of the data extracted from included studies (i.e. author, country, study design, aims, patient/consumer profile, pharmaceutical services, marketing strategy, data analysis, conclusion) was performed. Electronic searches retrieved 1,215 articles that were screened by titles and abstracts. Of these, 31 studies were fully appraised, of which five fulfilled the inclusion criteria. One record was identified through manual search, totaling six included articles. All studies occurred within the scope of community pharmacy. The studies show that most consumers seek pharmacist’s orientation regarding over-the-counter drugs. Also, despite the expectations concerning pharmaceutical services, consumers exhibit distrust in pharmacists’ competence, which may hamper the seeking for pharmaceutical services. Hence, a marketing plan involving the knowledge of consumer's value along with the recognition of the consumer needs should be considered. Through this scoping review the available evidence on consumer’s behavior towards pharmaceutical services was mapped, elucidating consumer’s perceptions that motivate or prevent the seek for such services in the context of community pharmacies.

Ultrassonografia Intervencionista para implantação e monitoramento de cateter venoso central de inserção periférica: scoping review

Objetivo: discutir as evidências disponíveis sobre uso de ultrassonografia na implantação/manutenção de cateter venoso central de inserção periférica no neonato crítico. Método: scoping review, baseada nas recomendações de especialistas do Joanna Briggs Institute. Para identificar a questão de investigação foi seguida a versão PCC – Population, Concept and Context. As buscas foram realizadas entre janeiro e março de 2020, em três bases dados e no Google Scholar. Resultados: das 354 publicações encontradas resultou uma amostra de 15 artigos, publicados em diversos países, entre 2016 e 2020, em inglês e português. A maioria evidenciava uso da ultrasound point of care (POCUS) para escolha do sítio venoso ou localização da ponta do cateter. Conclusão: são necessários mais estudos, investigando a efetividade da POCUS na inserção/manutenção de cateter epicutâneo em neonatos críticos, para basear sua adoção como padrão ouro nesta clientela. O manejo por enfermeiros ainda é incipiente.

Kepraktisan dan Keefektifan Handout Populasi Tumbuhan Hutan Pantai Tabanio Sebagai Materi Pengayaan Mata Kuliah Ekologi Tumbuhan

One of the causes of learning difficulties in the population concept is that there are not many locally-based materials. The purpose of this study was to obtain a Handout of Plant Populations of the Tabanio Coastal Forest as a practical and effective Plant Ecology Enrichment Course. This research is a development research using Education Design Research (EDR) design through formative evaluation of the Tessmer model at the small group test stage to determine the practicality of expectations and the effectiveness of expectations from the developed Handout. The subjects of this study were 10 students of the Biology Education Study Program, FKIP University of Lambung Mangkurat Banjarmasin with the object of research being plant population structures found in the coastal forest of Tabanio, Tanah Laut Regency. The results of the research show that the teaching materials in the form of handouts developed are very practical and very effective to be used as material for enriching the population concept in improving learning outcomes for the Plant Ecology course.

Methods of population study in a biology course at school

This paper discusses methods of population study in a Biology course at school based on characteristics of educational process organization at secondary and high school. The concept of population, introduced in biology at the beginning of the XX century, was not immediately included in the school course, although at the moment it is used in the study of both private and general biological sciences. The connection of the concept content with genetics, ecology and synthetic theory of evolution is obvious. On the basis of this, there are different interpretations of the population concept, mutually complementing each other. The paper states that it is necessary to give correct examples of populations that should emphasize the state of isolation, duration of existence and the possibility of crossing between organisms within a population. The importance of using a schematic representation of populations and its examples is also noted. A schematic representation is a reflection of two basic variants of organisms distribution in the population and discussion of the role of these variants in the maintenance of the population existence. However, the considered subordination in the population is also important in ensuring the evolutionary process. The development of the population concept is based on the Hardy-Weinbergs law introduced in a Biology course at school, which until recently was only studied at the University course of Genetics. But full awareness of the population is possible only when considering this law, which characterizes the genetic structure of populations. The proposed approach is based on the ecological-evolutionary approach to the study of basic general biological concepts in school and University courses.