scholarly journals Methods of population study in a biology course at school

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 265-271
Author(s):  
Yury Gennadyevich Lamekhov ◽  
Elena Anatolyevna Lamekhova
Keyword(s):  
Population Study ◽  
Evolutionary Process ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Schematic Representation ◽  
Theory Of Evolution ◽  
Genetic Structure Of Populations ◽  
Biological Concepts ◽  
The Moment ◽  
University Course ◽  
Population Concept

This paper discusses methods of population study in a Biology course at school based on characteristics of educational process organization at secondary and high school. The concept of population, introduced in biology at the beginning of the XX century, was not immediately included in the school course, although at the moment it is used in the study of both private and general biological sciences. The connection of the concept content with genetics, ecology and synthetic theory of evolution is obvious. On the basis of this, there are different interpretations of the population concept, mutually complementing each other. The paper states that it is necessary to give correct examples of populations that should emphasize the state of isolation, duration of existence and the possibility of crossing between organisms within a population. The importance of using a schematic representation of populations and its examples is also noted. A schematic representation is a reflection of two basic variants of organisms distribution in the population and discussion of the role of these variants in the maintenance of the population existence. However, the considered subordination in the population is also important in ensuring the evolutionary process. The development of the population concept is based on the Hardy-Weinbergs law introduced in a Biology course at school, which until recently was only studied at the University course of Genetics. But full awareness of the population is possible only when considering this law, which characterizes the genetic structure of populations. The proposed approach is based on the ecological-evolutionary approach to the study of basic general biological concepts in school and University courses.

Digital footprints in the university space

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-72
Author(s):  
Timur Khusyainov
Keyword(s):  
Personal Data ◽  
Educational Environment ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Ethical Standards ◽  
Digital Footprint ◽  
Digital Environments ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The University ◽  
Digital Footprints

This work considers the use of digital traces in the educational environment and the specifics of their collection and analysis at the university. One way or another, all participants in the educational process, as well as those who can potentially become them, for example, applicants, leave digital traces in the digital environments of the university and the Global Network in general, and these traces can be analyzed. At the same time, even the university itself as an organization leaves a certain digital footprint on the Internet. At the moment, most researchers are very optimistic, contemplating on what positive changes can be brought by the analysis of digital traces of applicants, students and teachers for the development of the university itself, the educa-tional process, and the formation of individual learning paths. In contrast to this, the author identifies a number of possible prospects for the analysis of Big Data and the use of Artificial Intelligence for education at the university of the future. Attention is focused on how this can affect the safety of the environment and conflict with ethical standards. Participants in the educational process, falling under the analysis of their digital traces, can both suffer because of them, even if their activities have not been in any way connected with the university, and begin to hide their true digital identity, creating «false» digital traces and becoming anon-ymous. The author assumes that an increase in such control covering actions, thoughts and emotions naturally results in the emergence of the concept of a «Dark» University, which distances itself as much as possible from such methods of analyzing personal data.

scholarly journals MAIN PROBLEMS OF TRANSITION OF UNIVERSITIES TO REMOTE LEARNING UNDER MODERN CONDITIONS OF FUNCTIONING

2020 ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
Т. Р. Магомаев
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The Moment

В современных условиях функционирования системы высшего образования целью внедрения дистанционного обучения является организация качественного учебно-воспитательного процесса «на расстоянии» с использованием новейших информационно-коммуникационных средств и открытым доступом к образовательным ресурсам. Именно такая форма обучения может быстро адаптироваться к требованиям информационного общества и подготовить будущего специалиста к вызовам цифровой среды. В сочетании с традиционными формами, дистанционное образование в высшем учебном заведении может предоставить широкий спектр образовательных услуг как для абитуриентов и студентов для приобретения необходимых навыков и умений для будущей профессиональной деятельности, так и для преподавателей с целью повышения квалификации. На данный момент основными проблемами внедрения качественного свободного образовательного пространства является отсутствие технической и финансовой поддержки, законодательной основы дистанционного обучения, и это является ведущим фактором сдерживания развития технологий в вузе. Отсутствуют специально подготовленные к работе в дистанционном режиме квалифицированные преподаватели. Однако, учитывая готовность вузов осуществлять обучение преподавателей для работы в дистанционном режиме, негативное влияние этого фактора в ближайшее время может быть устранено. При условии решения вышеописанных проблем будет создано эффективное дистанционное обучение, которое всесторонне раскроет потенциал студента, учитывая как индивидуальные, так и общечеловеческие потребности. In modern conditions of functioning of the higher education system, the goal of introducing distance learning is to organize a high-quality educational process “at a distance” using the latest information and communication tools and open access to educational resources. It is this form of training that can quickly adapt to the requirements of the information society and prepare the future specialist for the challenges of the digital environment. In combination with traditional forms, distance education in a higher educational institution can provide a wide range of educational services for both applicants and students to acquire the necessary skills for future professional activities, and for teachers to improve their skills. At the moment, the main problems in introducing high-quality free educational space is the lack of technical and financial support, the legislative basis of distance learning, and this is a leading factor in curbing the development of technology at the university. There are no qualified teachers specially prepared for working in remote mode. However, given the willingness of universities to train teachers to work remotely, the negative impact of this factor in the near future can be eliminated. Subject to the solution of the above problems, an effective distance learning will be created that will comprehensively reveal the student’s potential, taking into account both individual and universal needs.

scholarly journals The Impact of Feedback on Students’ Autonomous ESP Learning Outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-339
Author(s):  
Natalia Yevheniivna Dmitrenko ◽  
Iuliia Oleksiivna Budas
Keyword(s):  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
First Year ◽  
Written Feedback ◽  
Peer Observation ◽  
First Year Students ◽  
Self Regulated Learning ◽  
University Course ◽  
Learning Competence ◽  
The Impact

The present paper provides the results of the feedback influence on students’ autonomous ESP learning. It is aimed to study the impact of feedback on autonomous learning outcomes of first-year students, who are studying a two-year university course of “English for Specific Purposes (ESP)”, the significant part of which is dedicated to self-regulated learning. The aim of the course is to improve the students’ proficiency in professionally oriented English communication to the level of B2 according to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR). The investigation has proved the importance of teachers’ support in students’ autonomous ESP learning. The outcomes of those students who received the feedback regularly signify that even being self-sufficient, students strive for teachers’ or peer observation and feedback in the educational process. In the article, the interdependence between the level of students’ autonomous ESP learning competence and students’ feedback literacy is presented. The results of the study suggest that students’ autonomous ESP learning outcomes are considerably influenced by supportive external written feedback if it is sought, and their feedback literacy level is at least moderate or higher. A higher level of students’ feedback literacy is observed among students with a more advanced level of autonomous ESP learning competence and who demonstrate better academic achievements in professionally oriented English communication. The coherence of the elaborated levels of Ukrainian students’ feedback literacy and the ways of its enhancing can be significant for educators in other countries.

scholarly journals Agrowisata Berkelanjutan Berbasis Kopi di Satria Agrowisata Desa Manukaya, Kecamatana Tampak Siring, Kabupaten Gianyar, Bali (Studi Evolusi Pariwisata)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 262
Author(s):  
Febrytha Nur Azizah ◽  
I Putu Anom
Keyword(s):  
Natural Selection ◽  
Evolutionary Process ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Tourist Attraction ◽  
Theory Of Evolution ◽  
Alternative Tourism ◽  
The World ◽  
Tourism Activity ◽  
Main Attraction

Agro-tourism is an alternative tourism activity that relies on plantations and agriculture as its main attraction. Along with the development of tourism, agro-tourism has now become an economic driving commodity for the surrounding community, so that agro-tourism is increasingly taken into account in the world of tourism. The development of an agro-tourism can not be separated from the evolutionary process that occurs through various stages of the beginning of the tourist attraction built until now. This study aims to determine the evolution of developments in Satria Agrowisata. The research method used is descriptive qualitative by conducting data collection techniques through online interview as primary data, and conducting online observations as secondary data. The results show that Satria Agrowisata can adapt well to the various changes that exist and continue to innovate in order to survive in the world of tourism until now. In Darwin's theory of evolution, he put forward two key words in his theory, natural selection and adaptation. Natural selection as a mechanism for evolutionary change, and adaptations that occur in its development over time.   Keyword: Evolution, Agrotourism, Satria Agrowisata, Bali.

The problem of variation

2021 ◽  
pp. 111-134
Author(s):  
Arlin Stoltzfus
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Genetics ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Substantive Theory ◽  
Theory Of Evolution ◽  
Multivariate Generalization ◽  
Theory Of Variation ◽  
Broad Framework ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Evo Devo

Chapter 7 maps out a broad framework for considering the problem of variation in evolution. Under the neo-Darwinian view that variation merely plays the role of supplying random infinitesimal raw materials, with no dispositional influence on the course of evolution, a substantive theory of form and its variation is not required to specify a complete theory of evolution. This view has been breaking down from the moment it was proposed, and is now seriously challenged by results from evo-devo, comparative genomics, molecular evolution, and quantitative genetics. For instance, the multivariate generalization of quantitative genetics indicates that selection cannot possibly act as an independent governing force. Replacing a theory of variation as fuel with a theory of variation as a dispositional factor will require, at minimum, an understanding of tendencies of variation (source laws), and an understanding of how those tendencies affect evolution (consequence laws).

Islamic Theological Views on Darwinian Evolution

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nidhal Guessoum
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Process ◽  
Darwinian Evolution ◽  
Theory Of Evolution ◽  
Human Exceptionalism ◽  
The World ◽  
The Problem Of Evil ◽  
History Of ◽  
Life On Earth ◽  
Biological Entities ◽  
Muslim Scholars

The various positions that Muslim scholars have adopted vis-à-vis Darwin’s theory of evolution since its inception in 1859 are here reviewed with an eye on the theological arguments that are embraced, whether explicitly or implicitly. A large spectrum of views and arguments are thus found, ranging from total rejection to total acceptance, including “human exceptionalism” (evolution is applicable to all organisms and animals but not to humans). The two main theological arguments that are thus extracted from Muslim scholars’ discussions of evolution are: 1) Is God excluded by the evolutionary paradigm or does the term “Creator” acquire a new definition? 2) Does Adam still exist in the human evolution scenario, and how to include his Qur’anic story in the scientific scenario? Additional, but less crucial issues are sometimes raised in Islamic discussions of evolution: a) Does the extinction of innumerable species during the history of life on earth conflict with the traditional view of God’s creation? b) Is theodicy (“the problem of evil”) exacerbated or explained by evolution? c) Are “species” well-defined and important biological entities in the Islamic worldview? d) Can the randomness that seems inherent in the evolutionary process be reconciled with a divine creation plan? These questions are here reviewed through the writings and arguments of Muslim scholars, and general conclusions are drawn about why rejectionists find it impossible to address those issues in a manner that is consistent with their religious principles and methods, and why more progressive, less literalistic scholars are able to fold those issues within a less rigid conception of God and the world.

scholarly journals Optimalisasi Penyelesaian Knapsack Problem Dengan Algoritma Genetika

2016 ◽  
pp. 182
Author(s):  
I Wayan Supriana
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Genetic Algorithms ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Knapsack Problem ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Optimization Algorithms ◽  
Evolutionary Process ◽  
Knapsack Problems ◽  
Theory Of Evolution ◽  
Selection Of

Knapsack problems is a problem that often we encounter in everyday life. Knapsack problem itself is a problem where a person faced with the problems of optimization on the selection of objects that can be inserted into the container which has limited space or capacity. Problems knapsack problem can be solved by various optimization algorithms, one of which uses a genetic algorithm. Genetic algorithms in solving problems mimicking the theory of evolution of living creatures. The components of the genetic algorithm is composed of a population consisting of a collection of individuals who are candidates for the solution of problems knapsack. The process of evolution goes dimulasi of the selection process, crossovers and mutations in each individual in order to obtain a new population. The evolutionary process will be repeated until it meets the criteria o f an optimum of the resulting solution. The problems highlighted in this research is how to resolve the problem by applying a genetic algorithm knapsack. The results obtained by the testing of the system is built, that the knapsack problem can optimize the placement of goods in containers or capacity available. Optimizing the knapsack problem can be maximized with the appropriate input parameters.

Transformation of the Modern Educational Environment in the Light of Priority Directions For the Development of Higher Education

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 34-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
О. Быкова ◽  
O. Bykova ◽  
М. Мартынова ◽  
M. Martynova ◽  
В. Сиромаха ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Language Education ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Economic Literacy ◽  
Forward Movement ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
Russian Higher Education ◽  
Active Processes ◽  
University Course ◽  
The University

Different aspects of modern education are considered in the article. The subject of the analysis are the processes of changing the Russian higher education system associated with Russia’s accession to the Bologna Declaration, which, in particular, led to the emergence of new requirements for university teachers. Against the background of active processes of integration with foreign-language education systems, the discrepancy of many Russian teachers with the new conditions of the educational process becomes obvious: ignorance of foreign languages (English, first of all), lagging behind the informatization of education, mismatch with the principles of humanization and humanitarization of the learning process, differentiation of education. The article raises the question of the need to increase the psychological, pedagogical, computer and economic literacy of university professors. Authoritative opinions of Russian and foreign experts on the prospects of the educational sphere are given. Attention is drawn to the need to follow the best traditions of domestic education, based on the unity of education and upbringing. The article talks about the important role of studying the native language and literature both in the school and in the university course of study. The urgency of the outstripping nature of education is emphasized, which, in the opinion of the authors of the article, is an important factor in the country’s forward movement.

scholarly journals IX. Mathematical contributions to the theory of evolution.—XIX. Second supplement to a memoir on skew variation

1916 ◽  
Vol 216 (538-548) ◽  
pp. 429-457 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Homogeneous Material ◽  
Fourth Moment ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Theory Of Evolution ◽  
Theoretical Frequency ◽  
Moment Coefficient ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Moment ◽  
True Values

In a memoir presented to the Royal Society in 1894, I dealt with skew variation in homogeneous material. The object of that memoir was to obtain a series of curves such that one or other of them would agree with any observational or theoretical frequency curve of positive ordinates to the following extent :—(i) The areas should be equal; (ii) the mean abscissa or centroid vertical should be the same for the two curves; (iii) the standard deviation (or, what amounts to the same thing, the second moment coefficient) about this centroid vertical should be the same, and (iv) to (v) the third and fourth moment coefficients should also be the same. If μ s be the s th moment coefficient about the mean vertical, N the area, x ¯ be the mean abscissa, σ = √ μ 2 the standard deviation, β 1 = μ 3 2 / μ 2 3 , β 4 = μ 4 / μ 2 2 , then the equality for the two curves of N, x ¯ , σ, β 1 and β 2 leads almost invariably in the case of frequency to excellency of fit. Indeed, badness of fit generally arises from either heterogeniety, or the difficulty in certain cases of accurately determining from the data provided the true values of the moment coefficients, e. g ., especially in J- and U-shaped frequency distributions, or distributions without high contact at the terminals ; here the usual method of correcting the raw moments for sub-ranges of record fails. Having found a curve which corresponded to the skew binomial in the same manner as the normal curve of errors to the symmetrical binomial with finite index, it occurred to me that a development of the process applied to the hypergeometrical series would achieve the result I was in search of, i. e ., a curve whose constants would be determined by the observational values of N, x ¯ , σ, β 1 and β 2 .

scholarly journals History of Ukrainian selection at learning in the discipline 'Biology and ecology' in the old school

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 320-324
Author(s):  
K. I. Borodina ◽  
A. M. Kmets
Keyword(s):  
Educational Process ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Biological Cycle ◽  
Historical Material ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Material ◽  
Biological Concepts ◽  
Independent Work ◽  
Goals And Objectives

Aim. The article deals with the use of elements of historicism in teaching the course of biology. The expediency of using the historical material in the educational process in order to increase interest in biology and promote the improvement of the quality of knowledge of students, the formation of scientific outlook, and the upbringing of students. Methods. Analysis, synthesis, modelling. Results. Tasks with historical content can be used at different stages of learning: during updating the basic knowledge of students, setting goals and objectives of the lesson, explaining new material, consolidating, repeating and verifying students’ knowledge, generalizing and systematizing historical and scientific knowledge in biology, for the organization home and independent work. Specific examples cover the forms and means of using historical material in the study of biological cycle subjects. Conclusions. The factors contributing to improving the quality of students’ knowledge in the process of using historical material in the study of biology are established. Methods of using this material during conducting studies on biology have been determined in order to promote the im-provement of the quality of assimilation of relevant biological concepts. Keywords: historical material, biology, means, forms, factors, methodical techniques.

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