Children’s Creativity and Personal Adaptation Resources

The study provides insights into the aspects of creativity, the structure of psychometric intelligence, and personal adaptation resources of senior preschool children. Creativity and intelligence are presented as general adaptation resources. Existing studies of creative ability and creativity as integral individual characteristics in the context of adaptation are analyzed. The aim is to identify varied sets of creativity and personal adaptation resource markers that differentiate groups of children in order to determine possible strategies for adaptation, preservation, and development of their creative abilities at the beginning of lyceum schooling. It embraces the use of the E. Torrance Test of Creative Thinking (TTCT) (figural version), the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC), and the G. Rorschach Test. A sample of the study consisted of 122 children, aged 6–7 and enrolled in a school. The average IQ score among the children was above 115 (M = 133.7, σ = 9.9). The entire sample was divided into four groups by the originality-elaboration ratio according to the TTCT. The correctness of the children’s division into the groups according to the markers of creativity and personal adaptation resources is confirmed by the discriminant analysis. We have identified the factor structure of creativity, intelligence, and personal adaptation resources in the entire sample of children and in each of the groups. In the group of preschoolers with high originality and elaboration, the resulting structure integrated the components of creativity with personal adaptation resources and intelligence scores. In the group of children with a low level of originality and elaboration, the markers of creativity, intelligence, and personal adaptation resources are not interlinked.

Normal Science

Prizes have been awarded by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences from its foundation in 1739 onwards. In the 18th century these were of a kind typical of the period: problems were posed, almost always with a utilitarian bent, and awards (money or medals) were promised to those who could come up with practical solutions. The Academy’s first prize question, in 1739, concerned an improved method for bleaching cloth; the response was zero, a not untypical result. This type of award was never a success, and from around 1810 prizes became more academically oriented and were offered for recent publications or innovations rather than solutions to problems posed beforehand. The Letterstedt Prize was the most important among these awards during the 19th century, and a model for the Nobel Prize. It was awarded mostly for work in the natural sciences, but sometimes also in the humanities or for technological innovations (Alfred Nobel received it in 1868); a special prize was awarded for translations. An analysis of nominations and discussions preserved in the Academy’s archive shows that the Letterstedt science prizes functioned as a kind of benchmarking of national science (foreigners were not awarded on principle); high-quality “normal” science that seemed to put Swedish science on par with research in countries like Germany or France was awarded rather than work of high originality.

Professionalization of creative thinking of doctors

The article deals with professionalization peculiarities of creative thinking of doctors depending on their qualification level. Thus, doctors of the highest rank have higher rate of creative attitude towards their trade, doctors of the first rank show high intuition level, whereas doctors without any rank have high imagination. Doctors without any qualifying rank tend to have various components of creative reserve, such as imagination and curiosity. The interrelation between doctors’ creative ability level and certain creativity manifestations. The high creativity level among doctors without any rank is due to high level of creative thinking. For doctors of the second rank, it is connected with the high level of imagination, and for doctors of the highest rank, it is due to the high originality level. Proof has been obtained that creative thinking and active doctors do not complain about their patients, because they create a certain meaningful field, providing for productive mutual understanding. One criterion of a gifted doctor is the efficiency of his medical activity, which is closely connected to the clinical thinking as an efficient psychic process. Discovering the unknown, due to this cognitive process, gives birth to important professional and personality formations.

Upaya Mengembangkan Kreativitas Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun melalui Permainan Eksplorasi

The problem in this research was: (1) low of creativity in 5-6-year-old children in TK Sandhy Putra Medan, (2) education system that focuses more on academic ability such as reading, writing and counting, (3) lack of facilities that can develop the creativity of children, (4) Children are less motivated by teachers in developing their creativity. This research aims to determine the creativity development of 5-6-year-old children by using the exploration game “sand play" in TK Sandhy Putra Medan. This type of research was classroom action research conducted in 2 cycles, whereby each cycle is performed 2 times a meeting. In each cycle is done through 4 stages, namely planning, implementation, observation and reflection. The data collection tools used are observations. The subject of this study was 5-6-year-old children in TK Sandhy Putra Medan, a total of 20 children consisting of 11 daughters and 9 boys. While the object of this research is developing the creativity skills of children aged 5-6 years in the TK Sandhy Putra Medan. The instrument in this research is the observation sheet for the development of children's creativity with the following indicators: great curiosity, high originality, imaginative, diligent and not easily bored learning, dare to take risks, and full of initiation.

Beyond Literacies: The Evolving Landscape of Library Support to Research 2.0

PURPOSE/THESIS: This paper identifies some of the tasks and roles that academic libraries have to perform in order to react to the emergence of Research 2.0. APPROACH/METHODS: The argument is based on a non-exhaustive review of the recent literature. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Academic libraries should respond to the emergence of Research 2.0 by filling niches in services provided by other academic units. RESEARCH LIMITATIONS: As a rule, only the literature of the second half of the 2010s was taken into consideration. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: The tasks identified in this paper may not seem urgent today, but the likelihood that they will become an imperative in the future is high. ORIGINALITY/VALUE: The issues identified in this paper are already a part of everyday best practices in several countries.

Aspects about Sintering Behaviour of a Titanium Hydride Powder Based Alloy Used for Automotive Components

For this study with high originality, some aspects about the sintering behaviour of Titanium based alloy used for automotive components are presented. This paper presents the experimental results concerning the processing of Ti based alloy by Powder Metallurgy (PM) technology. The initial powder mixture consists in TiH2 micrometric powder particles that have been combined with some metallic powders for improving the final mechanic-chemicals and functional properties for using in the automotive industry. The classical PM route have been applied for obtaining a low-cost Ti- alloy.As a result it was compulsory to study the parameters that influence the densification process and the sintered properties, depending on the sintering temperature. The experimental test results were processed using the STATISTICA program. Therefore the influence of these sintering temperatures on the height and diameter shrinkages, density and hardness for the alloys based on Ti micrometric powders has been studied.

Research about Surface Quality of Polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon) after Inner Turning

For this study with high originality, a teflon bushing with outer diameter of 58 mm and 32 mm internal diameter has been turned. After inner turning with various cutting feeds, the part has been cut in half to measure roughness. The roughness parameters Ra, Rz and Rq have beeen measured with an electronic roughness tester Mitutoyo, Japan, SJ-201 P. The micro-asperity images for each of the 6 samples performed are presented in the paper. Diagrams with the variations of roughness parameters are also given in this study. The trend is the increasing of roughness values with feed increasing, but some abnormalities also appear in samples 3 and 4 for Ra and Rz. At sample 5 for Rz parameter and sample 6 for Rq parameter a decreasing of values occurs, although geometrically there should be with ascending tendencies. It follows that in teflon turning the cutting process is not uniform, although there are no marks on the blade. However, because this material is not metallic, it does not have a uniform structure, which influences the resulted roughness. This is the cause of the anomalies established by these experiments.

Yes, but WHICH dictionary?

Dictionaries of English today draw upon a tradition that is almost 400 years old. Depending on your point of view, this is a tradition of competition and cross-fertilization, of plagiarism and lexicographical incest, or something that has wavered and wandered between high originality and low theft. Some commentators have even argued that many English dictionaries are just variations on a common text that has been evolving since the 17th century.

Ida Caroline Ward

We have, with the deepest regret, to record the death on 10 October 1949 of Professor Ida Ward after a short but severe illness. Most members of the Institute have long been aware of the great services she has rendered to it in the field of linguistic studies. Not only has she made an outstanding academic contribution, of which Professor Diedrich Westermann writes below; she also worked tirelessly for the fuller appreciation in every quarter of the importance of linguistic studies and the development of vernacular literature for research, education, and social development in Africa. Her lively, shrewd, patient and, above all, kindly personality attracted the interest and co-operation of all concerned, either scientifically or practically, with African languages. Scholars, administrators, and teachers of every country warmed to the quiet determination, measured enthusiasm, and great fairmindedness with which she would present or discuss new developments and opportunities. As Chairman of the Institute's Linguistic Advisory Committee and a member, since 1947, of its Executive Council, Professor Ida Ward gave us invaluable service. All who met and worked with her in committees and conferences in Europe and America, and especially in Africa itself, know well that she embodied in a quite exceptional way our aspirations and scientific standards in the linguistic field, and was for us an ambassador of great value. Her trim, frail presence radiated goodness and common sense as well as high originality of mind. Although she had retired a year previously from her University Chair she was contributing as actively as before to the Institute's work. In his address at a memorial service held in London on 15 October, Professor Turner, Director of the School of Oriental and African Studies, with which she had been so long associated, expressed feelings which we in the Institute fully share, recalling Professor Ward as a great and good woman. Her name is already established in the roll of great women who have done much for Africa.