Evaluation and development strategy of cattle breeding area-based on smallholder farmers community in Jambi

The efforts to increase the national beef cattle population can be done through the development of area-based beef cattle. SPR-IPB were an example of the concept of developing regional-based beef cattle farming based on smallholder communities. This study aimed to evaluated the area of beef cattle farming in SPR based on the profile of the farmer, institutions, existing livestock conditions and factors that influence the development of beef cattle farming. Surveys and observations were done in October-November 2020 at SPR Kuamang Abadi, Bungo District, Jambi. Ninety-nine farmers in 4 villages (Tirta Mulya, Lingga Kuamang, Cilodang, and Sumber Harapan) were involved in this study. Qualitative and quantitative descriptive statistics were used in this study. The results of the area evaluation show that the SPR Kuamang Abadi was included in the category of built up area (score 600.5). Problems related to the development of beef cattle farming areas include the non-functioning of the organization’s internal divisions, limited facilities and animal health personnel, and underutilized financial institutions. The recommendation for the results of this study was the development of beef cattle farms at SPR Kuamang Abadi can be done by strengthening human resources and institutions, strengthening facilities and infrastructure, accelerating access to technology adoption and innovation, strengthening marketing strategies, and strengthening cooperation.

Clinical Efficacy of Tacrolimus Ointment + 3 % Boric Acid Lotion Joint Chinese Angelica Decoction in Chronic Perianal Eczema

Objective. To unearth the clinical efficacy of tacrolimus ointment + 3 % boric acid lotion joint Chinese angelica decoction in chronic perianal eczema. Methods. Patients with chronic perianal eczema admitted to hospital from June 2018 and June 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients in the control group ( n = 38 ) underwent basic therapy with tacrolimus ointment + 3 % boric acid lotion, whereas those in the observation group ( n = 38 ) were given oral Chinese angelica decoction on the basis of the above therapy. Patient’s baseline information before therapy and clinical symptoms after therapy were observed and compared, including pruritus ani score, anus drainage and damp score, skin lesion score, skin lesion area score, life quality index score, and IL-2, IL-4, and IgE levels in serum. Overall efficacy in the two groups was also evaluated. Results. No significant differences were found in the baseline information between the observation group and control group before therapy. After therapy, pruritus ani score ( P = 0.023 ), anus drainage and damp score ( P = 0.041 ), skin lesion score ( P = 0.025 ), and skin lesion area score ( P = 0.035 ) of patients in the observation group were remarkably lower than those in the control group. Significantly higher release levels of clinical symptoms of patients in the observation group were indicated. With respect to the control group, the life quality score ( P = 0.020 ) and IgE level in serum ( P = 0.003 ) of patients in the observation group were significantly lower, while IL-4 level in serum was significantly higher ( P = 0.129 ). The therapy in the observation group achieved better clinical efficacy. Overall efficacy in the observation group was markedly favorable with respect to the control group. Conclusion. With respect to tacrolimus ointment + 3 % boric acid lotion, patients with chronic perianal eczema displayed better clinical efficacy after jointly being treated by Chinese angelica decoction.

Association of Lymphatic Abnormalities with Early Complications after Fontan Operation

Background Increased central venous pressure is inherent in Fontan circulation but not strongly related to Fontan complication. Abnormalities of the lymphatic circulation may play a crucial role in early Fontan complications. Methods This was a retrospective, single-center study of patients undergoing Fontan operation from 2008 to 2015. The primary outcome was significant early Fontan complication defined as secondary in-hospital treatment due to peripheral edema, ascites, pleural effusions, protein-losing enteropathy, or plastic bronchitis. All patients received T2-weighted magnetic resonance images to assess abdominal and thoracic lymphatic perfusion pattern 6 months after Fontan completion with respect to localization, distribution, and extension of lymphatic perfusion pattern (type 1–4) and with application of an area score (0–12 points). Results Nine out of 42 patients developed early Fontan complication. Patients with complication had longer chest tube drainage (mean 28 [interquartile range [IQR]: 13–60] vs. 13 [IQR: 2–22] days, p = 0.01) and more often obstructions in the Fontan circuit 6 months after surgery (56 vs. 15%, p = 0.02). Twelve patients showed little or no abnormalities of lymphatic perfusion (lymphatic perfusion pattern type 1). Most frequently magnetic resonance imaging showed lymphatic congestion in the supraclavicular region (24/42 patients). Paramesenteric lymphatic congestion was observed in eight patients. Patients with early Fontan complications presented with higher lymphatic area score (6 [min–max: 2–10] vs. 2 [min–max: 0–8]), p = 0.001) and greater distribution and extension of thoracic lymphatic congestion (type 3–4: n = 5/9 vs. n = 1/33, p = 0.001). Conclusion Early Fontan complication is related to hemodynamic factors such as circuit obstruction and to the occurrence and extent of lymphatic congestion.

Effectiveness of Strawberry Extract with 100% Concentration in Cleaning Teeth with Extrinsic Stain at the Academic Community of Poltekkes Kemenkes Jakarta I

Discoloration of teeth can be caused by stains on the surface of the teeth or due to changes in tooth material. Tooth stain can be extrinsic, intrinsic, or age-related. Tooth whitening (bleaching) can be done in the office and at home. Strawberry is a fruit with many benefits, one of which is whitening teeth. The content of malic acid and ellagic acid in strawberries has the effect of tooth whitening. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of strawberry extract with a concentration of 100% in cleaning teeth with the extrinsic stain on an academic member of the Health Polytechnic Jakarta I. This study was an experiment on 31 people who had upper and lower anterior teeth with the extrinsic stain as samples. Data collection was done by applying strawberry extract with a concentration of 100% on the surface of the anterior teeth, allowed to stand for 5 minutes, then brushed and rinsed with water. This procedure was done 2 times a day for 5 consecutive days. Changes in extrinsic stain were measured using the Lobene Stain Index which measures the intensity and area of the stain, as well as a combined score of both. The average combined score with measurements using the Lobene Stain Index for extrinsic stain before being treated with strawberries was 22.4. The score has decreased every day starting from day 1 to day 5 of treatment. The largest decrease of the average Combined Score was occurred on the 2nd day, namely from a score of 20.0 on the 1st day to 14.6 on the 2nd day with a percentage reduction of 35.0%. Statistical tests showed significant results of 0,000 reducing the Intensity Score and Area Score on day 2 to day 5. It can be concluded that there was a significant decrease in extrinsic stain scores after treatment on day 2. Keywords: extrinsic stain; strawberry extract

Effects of a Program to Promote Multicultural Awareness and Multicultural Efficacy toward North Korean Defectors for Nursing Students

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a program to improve the cultural competence of nursing students related to North Korean defectors and to investigate the effectiveness of the program. Methods: There were 36 nursing students in the experimental group and 30 in the control group, who were recruited from a university in I-city, Korea. A Chi-square, t-test, and ANOVA with the SPSS/Win 21.0 program were used to analyze the data. Results: After the intervention, the experimental group showed a statistically significant increase in the total score for multicultural awareness toward North Korean defectors over the control group (t=0.85, p=.026). Scores for cognitive area (t=0.89; p=.037), ritual area (t=-0.10, p=.915), and action area (t=1.18, p=.031) increased, but the conscious area score was not statistically significant. The experimental group showed a statistically significant increase in the total score for multi-cultural efficacy for North Korean refugees (t=0.36, p=.030). Scores for cognitive area (t=0.63; p=.029), working area (t=0.05, p=.955), and emotional area (t=0.79 and p=030) increased, but the working area score was not statistically significant. Conclusion: It was found that the program to promote multicultural efficacy related to North Korean defectors applied in this study was effective in enhancing multicultural awareness and efficacy of nursing students.

Experimental study of the characteristics of various types of filling coils for intracranial aneurysm embolisation

Background In endovascular embolisation for an intracranial aneurysm, after framing coil deployment, soft coils (often called filling coils) are usually selected to fill inside the cage of previous coils. Various kinds of filling coils are available, although each coil has its own characteristics. Understanding their differences to ensure proper coil selection is important to achieve successful embolisation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of various filling coils. Materials and methods The authors developed a radiolucent coil to evaluate the performance of coils under conditions simulating the course of embolisation. Experimental embolisation was performed by using a silicone aneurysm filled with radiolucent coils. Indices including area, circularity, centroid position and coefficient of variation were investigated by analysing the figures of the filling coils after being inserted into the radiolucent coil under fluoroscopy. Results The characteristics of each coil depended on the coil design. The helical coil had the highest circularity and centroid position scores and lowest area score. Therefore, it tended to develop a compacted mass. The low shape-memory coil had the lowest circularity, second-highest centroid position and highest coefficient of variation scores. Therefore, it tended to develop irregularly shaped distribution with low reproducibility. Complex coils generally had higher area and circularity scores. Therefore, they tended to provide a balanced distribution with relatively expanded mass and less small compartmentation. Conclusions The evaluated characteristics of various filling coils should be useful for appropriate selection of filling coils.

Whitening Efficacy of Tranexamic Acid Cataplasm on Melasma in Chinese Women

Background/Aims: Oral tranexamic acid (TXA) has been reported to be effective for treating melasma. However, the effect of topical TXA on melasma remains controversial. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of topical TXA cataplasm on melasma. Methods: Eighty-four patients with melasma were randomly assigned to a treatment group or a separate control group. They were instructed to apply 2 pieces of cataplasm with or without TXA. The melasma area severity index (MASI), skin color tone scale (SCTS), and area score were evaluated by dermatologists blinded to the treatment. Results: A significant decrease in the MASI and SCTS was observed on either or both sides of the face by the end of 8 weeks compared to the control group (p < 0.05). The area score was also significantly reduced on both tested sides compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Based on these results, we believe that localized cataplasm of TXA may be used as a potentially new, effective, and safe therapeutic modality for treating melasma.