Influence of the probiotic preparation Immunoflor on the physiological status of a young chicken of a productive herd of egg cross

The article presents the results of studies of the effectiveness of the use of the complex probiotic preparation Immunoflor in young hens of egg cross. In the course of the research work, it was found that the use of the probiotic preparation Immunoflor does not affect the clinical and physiological state of the body of young chickens, but at the same time reduces the incidence, mortality and increases the safety of the chickens by enriching and balancing the poultry diet, reducing the conversion feed, optimization of digestion, stimulation of the development of positive microflora in the gastrointestinal tract. The use of the complex probiotic preparation Immunoflor in the diet of young chickens at a dose of 15 g/t of water and 15 g/t of feed contributes to an increase in the number of erythrocytes, leukocytes and hemoglobin concentration, activation of cellular and humoral factors of nonspecific resistance of the body of chickens, providing a normal physiological state and homeostasis.

Analysis of the Results of DNA Isolation from Chicken Feather Sampled from the Base of the Young Feathers, the base of the Old Feathers and the Ends of the Feathers

Background: The Microbiology and Molecular Biology testing laboratory at the Food and Drug Supervisory Agency in Gorontalo analyzed the results of DNA isolation from chicken feathers obtained from the base of young feathers, the base of elderly feathers, and the tips of the feathers. The goal was to provide information on the use of DNA templates in chicken samples so that the molecular research sampling process may employ feathers instead of hurting the test animals. The sample used consisted of 10 Bangkok chickens which were sampled for young feathers and old feathers and the tips of the feathers. Method: Quantitative techniques by comparing the results of DNA isolation which were analyzed using a nano photometer and then confirmed using real-time PCR with the SYBR green method. Result: The analysis of purity and concentration showed that at the base of young chicken feathers, the average value of purity was at 1,790, with an average value of the concentration of 4,210. At the base of the old feather, the average value of purity was 0.638, with an average concentration value that was not detected. Likewise, at the tip of the feather, the average purity value is 0.894 and the concentration value is not detected. Confirmation tests performed on all samples using the real-time PCR melt curve method showed that all samples were detected with a Tm value of 78.5 for young feathers, 78.5 for old feathers, 79.0 for positive controls and 78.7 for positive controls, while negative controls were not detected. Conclusion: DNA isolation can be carried out at the base of the young feathers, the base of the old feathers and the tips of the feathers.

Complete Genome Sequences of Two Avilamycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecium Strains Isolated from Chicken in the United States

Avilamycin-resistant Enterococcus spp. have never been reported in the United States. Here, we report the complete genome sequences of two avilamycin-resistant (Avir) Enterococcus faecium strains isolated from a retail chicken and a cecal sample from a young chicken. Both isolates are multidrug resistant (MDR) and carry emtA on MDR plasmids.

Antiparasitic activity of papaya seed extract (Carica papaya) in free-range local breed chicken (Gallus gallus) production system in Ketou District.

A field study with a completely randomized design was carried out to evaluate the antiparasitic activity of dried seed meal of unripe mature papaya fruit on gastrointestinal parasites of the traditional chicken farming system in Ketou district. The targeted parasites were Ascaridia galli, Eimeria sp., Capillaria sp. and Heterakis sp. Nine chicken flock units of at least 10 local chicken were enrolled in the study which makes three experimental groups of chickens with three replications per treatment. The first group was treated with the Niclosamide-levamisole molecule complex, a conventional chicken antiparasitic drug (VPV: Vermifuge Polyvalent Volaille) with one tablet orally given to an individual adult and half a tablet orally given to an individual young chicken. The second group received, in drinking water, dried seed meal of papaya fruit at a dosage of 1 mg per chicken for 5 days. The third group received drinking water as a placebo. A total of 198 faecal samples were analysed in the laboratory with the quantitative flotation method using the McMaster Chamber. The results obtained demonstrated the effectiveness of Carica papaya extract treatment on coccidia in the first place and also on Ascaridia galli with effects comparable to that of the conventional antiparasitic drugs used in commercial chicken production system. The efficiency time period was 3 weeks for the extract of Carica papaya. This means that the treatment must be renewed every 3 weeks to guarantee its effectiveness. However, the most appropriate dose remains to be elucidated and the use of other organs of the plant for better efficacy will be the subjects of further investigations.

Investigation of Major Ecto-Parasite Affecting Backyard Chicken in Bishoftu Town, Ethiopia

Backyard poultry production are considered as sources of meat and egg production. However, Parasites are among the main pathogenic agents, threatening the health of poultry and poultry products. The current study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of ectoparasite of poultry managed under backyard system started from November 2019 to April 2020 in Bishoftu town, surroundings of four kebeles; Babogaya, Danbi, 01kebele and 05 kebele in Oromia region South east of Finfinnee. 384 chickens of different age groups, both sexes and breeds were examined. Overall, 228/384 (59.4%) of chickens were infested with species of ectoparasites that mainly grouped into lice 141(36.7%), flea 79 (20.6%), and mite 8(2.1%). The prevalence of ectoparasite infection was 56(14.6%), 51(13.3%), 58(15.1%) and 63(16.4)% in Bishoftu town, Babogaya, Danbi, 01kebele and 05 kebele respectively, the difference in the prevalence of the parasites among difference kebeles were not statistically significant (P>0.05). The prevalence of ectoparasites infestation was higher in male 128(33.33%) chickens than females 100(26.04%) and higher in adult 150 (39.1%) than young chicken 78 (20.3%), high in local breeds 129(33.6%) than exotic breed 99 (25.8%). Seven species were identified with their attachments site, namely; menacanthus stremineus(13.3%) was found on skin, menopon gallinae(12.5%) was found on skin, thigh, feather and breast, goniodes gigas(5.5%) was found on skin and body feather, gonicotes gallinae (2.9%) was found on feather, lipeurus caponus(2.6%) was found on wing, skin, tail feather and a single species of flea(Echidnophaga gallinacae) 20.6% was found on eye, comb and wattle. while a single species of mite (ornithonyssus sylviarum) 2.1% was found on base of feather particularly, the vent area. In conclusion, infestation of chicken with ectoparasites was important constraint in poultry production sector. Associated with lack of attention with respect to hygienic system, treatment and control practices. Based on the results it could be suggested that, good management, biosecurity and the education of farmers could be a vital measure to keep free from ectoparasites and improve the productivity of the chicken.